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Title: Enhancing the Reliability and Performance of Paper Shredders (semester?), IPRO 321: Enhancing the Reliability and Perf of Paper Shredders IPRO 321 Poster F07
Creator: Choi, Migun, Choriki, Justin, Flicek, Stephen, Huang, Yuxiong, Inouye, Tyler, King, Richard, Marinov, Plamen, Nagwan, Angad, Nielson, Garrett, Obst, Leslie, Pesik, Vesna, Swaidner, Kyle, Toyama, Brandee, Valls, Nil
Date: 2007-12, 2007-12
Description: 1. Determine the amount of force to cut 6, 8, 10 sheets of 20 lb paper, taking into account the width and length of the shred. Once the amount...
Show more1. Determine the amount of force to cut 6, 8, 10 sheets of 20 lb paper, taking into account the width and length of the shred. Once the amount of force is determined, develop a computer simulation model that can predict the amount of force required based upon the following variable inputs: number of sheets, shred width, and shred length. 2. Through computer simulation or prototype development, design an efficient gear train that optimizes the number of gears and minimizes the motor size based upon data obtained from previous semester’s data. The goal is to develop and simulate a gear train that can withstand 500 cycles at maximum sheet capacity. 3. Develop acoustical sound dampeners or “tune” the shredder to reduce the amount of noise created during the shredding process, leveraging information obtained from previous semesters’ data. The goal is to reduce the noise output by 10 decibels
Sponsorship: Seth Lewis, President of The Manhattan Group
Deliverables for IPRO 321: Enhancing the Reliability and Performance of Paper Shredders for the Fall 2007 semester
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Title: OPTIMIZATION AND MARKET CLEARING IN THE POWER SYSTEMS WITH HIGH-LEVEL RENEWABLES
Creator: Ye, Hongxing
Date: 2016, 2016-05
Description: The increasing penetration of renewable energy source (RES), such as wind and solar power generation, in recent years to meet various...
Show moreThe increasing penetration of renewable energy source (RES), such as wind and solar power generation, in recent years to meet various renewable portfolio standards (RPS) has led to more uncertainties in power systems. The RES penetration level is expected to further increase in order to reduce emission and fight climate change. The growing uncertainties caused by RES pose new challenges in power and energy systems. Advanced models and technologies are urgent to provide secure, affordable and clean energy to customers. Security-Constrained Unit Commitment (SCUC) problem is one of the most important tools in the modern power system. It determines the optimal short-term generating planning. The electricity is priced and settled based on its solution. In order to manage the uncertainties caused by renewables, it is urgent to develop new SCUC models and solution approaches. SCUCs considering the uncertainties have become a focus of research in recent years. The proposed optimistic robust SCUC combines the idea of robust optimization and reserve concept in the electricity. The merit of the robust optimization is that its solution can be immunized against any uncertainties. It exactly meets the first priority, reliability, in power system operation. The robust optimization is attractive in theory. However, a solution is robust if and only if the system can survive in the worst case scenario. Hence, the key task is to identify the worst case scenario. Unfortunately, finding the worst case scenario in general is a non-deterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-hard) problem. This will create issue in satisfying the timeliness requirement that the optimal scheduling must be obtained quickly (e.g., within several hours) in the day-ahead electricity markets. This dissertation proposes a fast solution approach to finding the worst case scenario by exploring the special structure in the SCUC problem. This dissertation proposes a new market mechanism for managing uncertain ties caused by high-level RES based on the robust optimization. A new concept, Uncertainty Marginal Price (UMP), is proposed to charge uncertainty sources and to credit flexible sources. For the first time, explicit price signals are provided and utilized to manage any level uncertainties within a robust optimization framework. The proposed mechanism manages uncertainties from both the source side (uncertainty reduction) and resource side (uncertainty accommodation). In short term, it provides incentives for RES operators to improve forecasting accuracy (i.e. to reduce uncertainties) and existing flexible resources (e.g. storage) to participate the uncertainty accommodation. In long term, the proposed mechanism provides price signals for siting new flexible resources (e.g. energy storage) to accommodate uncertainties from increasing RES penetration.
Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering, May 2016
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Title: Friendly Forces Finder (Semester Unknown) EnPRO 350: FriendlyForcesFinderEnPRO350ProjectPlanSp10
Creator: Algie, Teague, Braband, Jim, Clovsky, Aaron, Hoylman, Phillip, Hutchins, Sarah, Kawa, Konrad, Marks, Matthew, Miranda, Jose, Patel, Purvag, Stogner, Jason
Date: 2010, 2010-05
Description: GPS modules and tracking devices have influenced many advances in modern technology. The data GPS provides has replaced the map and compass,...
Show moreGPS modules and tracking devices have influenced many advances in modern technology. The data GPS provides has replaced the map and compass, and can be crucial in many situations. Its current platform for use however requires the user to utilize a handheld device and direct his/her frame of view to a screen. In many situations there is a need to have eyes on and full awareness of surroundings, something that simply can't be done while holding and viewing a handheld device. To solve this dilemma, team Smart Specs has integrated ideas of GPS, heads-up displays, and datalink technology to form a design that will give the user full hands free capabilities. This device, worn like glasses, allows the user to track objects and even designate objects to be tracked, which are all shown through heads-up display.
Deliverables
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Title: Developing a Collaborative On-line Student Research Forum (sequence unknown), IPRO 321 - Deliverables
Creator: Abhay, Anandha, Cornelius, Zachary, Corsus, Tom, De Courten-myers, Maximilian, Eberlin, Adam, Kapaldo, James, Nicholson, Bethany, Sizyuk, Yuriy, Sundberg, Stephen
Date: 2009-12
Description: ResearchWeb is meant to broaden IIT undergraduate participation beyond the existing mechanisms such as fellowships, research and reading...
Show moreResearchWeb is meant to broaden IIT undergraduate participation beyond the existing mechanisms such as fellowships, research and reading courses, and departmental projects. There is also the possibility of broadening this program to other scholarly individuals outside of the IIT undergraduate community. These individuals include IIT graduate students, students from other universities, and promising high school students. ResearchWeb is also meant to improve the transition, and perhaps promote if need be, the transition from undergraduate education to graduate education. This would be fulfilled through practical research experience.
Deliverables for IPRO 321:Developing a Collaborative On-line Student Research Forum for Fall 2009
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Title: Cellular Towers In The Urban Environment (Semester Unknown) IPRO 344
Creator: Chan, Ronald, Chatman, Amanda, Divito, Michael, Dohm, Jacob, Ghafoori, Marc, Lee, Timothy, Perizes, Fotis, Reznicek, Dustin, Roberson, Jon
Date: 2010, 2010-05
Description: The purpose of the IPRO is to consider a new generation of cellular towers specifically designed for the urban environment. The IIT campus...
Show moreThe purpose of the IPRO is to consider a new generation of cellular towers specifically designed for the urban environment. The IIT campus will serve as a “representative” location on Chicago’s south side for purposes of this project, but the overall objective is to develop a concept and design for a self-contained, secure and environmentally friendly facility that can adapted to almost any other urban location.
Deliverables
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Title: Relationship of Executive Fuction Patterns and Academic Achievement Across DSM-IV Subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Creator: Young, Crystal
Date: 2012-07-18, 2012-07
Description: The aim of this study was to expand our understanding of the impact of executive function skills on academic achievement in children with ADHD...
Show moreThe aim of this study was to expand our understanding of the impact of executive function skills on academic achievement in children with ADHD, as well as investigate trends in executive functioning and academic achievement between ADHD subtypes in an adolescent sample. Each participant completed neuropsychological assessments including a measure of intelligence and academic functioning as well as several measures of executive functioning. Results suggested that children with ADHD – Combined Type do not significantly differ from children with ADHD – Inattentive Type on tasks of academic or executive functioning. Issues regarding outcomes associated with ADHD as well as diagnostic procedures are discussed.
Ph.D. in Psychology, July 2012
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Title: Green Building Design Concepts and Integration (Semester Unknown) IPRO 335: Green Building Design Concepts and Integration IPRO 335 MidTerm Presentation F08
Creator: Rogers, Lucas, Parker, Joe, Forneris, Craig, Olson, Sarah, Dewi, Fransisca, Feyi, Aduroja, Schully, Dawveed, Khan, Qudsia, Rus, Bogdan, Yeung, Helen, Freund, Ryan, Urdiales, Miguel, Cantone, Kyle, Muresan, Lucian, Freund, Ryan, Stenson, Amanda, Yeung, Helen, Stroot, Jaimi, Chock, Chris, Steffen, Trent, Laschiazza, Elizabeth, Aubry, Curtis, Douglas, Carlie
Date: 2008, 2008-12
Description: The intent of this IPRO project is to design a “green” and innovative building using the skills and input of students studying different...
Show moreThe intent of this IPRO project is to design a “green” and innovative building using the skills and input of students studying different majors at Illinois Institute of Technology. The team has decided to design a replacement apartment building for Gunsaulus Hall on the Illinois Institute of Technology campus. Innovative technologies and practices will be researched and employed to design a “green” building. The decision to design a building for the IIT campus came about because it is an area that all of the team members could relate to and have a more realistic grasp on the project. Then it was suggested that the building this project group designed would then be studied structurally by the team of IPRO 315: Design of a Large-Scale Structure. For the remainder of the semester the two groups are planning on coordinating with each other on each step of the design process.
Deliverables
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Title: Green Class Community (Semester Unknown) IPRO 358: GreengClassCommunity IPRO358Poster1F10
Creator: Beck, Steve, Snyder, Mark, Eshleman, Justin, Krebs, Byron, Nguyen, Trang, Oraziman, Indira, Qi, Tianshu, Shehada, Hazem, Skopek, Paul, Varghese, Danny, Warnes, Michael, Cho, Moses
Date: 2010, 2010-12
Description: Our purpose is to seek a union between living comfortably and living sustainably at an affordable price. Our design, for the community of...
Show moreOur purpose is to seek a union between living comfortably and living sustainably at an affordable price. Our design, for the community of Evanston, will first minimizes its energy consumption and then uses the most sustainable methods to fulfill the remaining needs of the inhabitants. Ideally we will design a model community which will challenge conventions within the fields of design, planning, engineering, and everyday living. This community will also serve as an example to Chicago-area municipalities about the benefits of affordable sustainable planning, design, and living. It will also be an attractive marketable solution to the current home buyers within our given demographic.
Deliverables
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Title: Interdisciplinary Design Education And Strategy (Semester Unknown) IPRO 301: InterdisciplinaryDesignEducationAndStrategyIPRO301Poster3Su09
Creator: Scanlon, Ed, Brierley, Philip, Choe, Mihee, Cornelius, Joel, Hansen, Kai, Horozova Nalls, Gergana, Hussain, Faraz, Krupp, Kevin, Laurence, Alexis, Lucchesi, Kristin, Mceneff, Aaran, Natale, Vito, Nikamalfard, Mehrdad, Phillips, Timothy, Radtke, Dennis, Robledo, Ruben, Workman, Jessica, Valadez, Julia
Date: 2009, 2009-07
Description: For years, the IPRO Program at IIT has been forced to operate wherever space can be found. Often, facilities are not equipped for the needs of...
Show moreFor years, the IPRO Program at IIT has been forced to operate wherever space can be found. Often, facilities are not equipped for the needs of the program. It has become necessary to find a way to give the IPRO Program its own dedicated space. If we give the program its own space, then what is needed in that space? What needs to be done with it? What types of spaces are necessary? What technologies will be used? IPRO 301 exists to answer these questions. We will provide ideas to IIT that can solve these problems. ii
Deliverables
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Title: Sustainable Mixed Used Building (Semester Unknwon) IPRO 360: SustainableMixedUsedBuildingEnPRO360FinalPresentationSp10
Creator: Achs, Jonathan, Chan, Leon, Kelly, Madison, Vander Heyden, Aubrey, Aguilar, Alejandro, Cheviron, Melissa, Kerrigan, Michael, Walters, Michael, Azodoh, Chinedu
Date: 2010, 2010-05
Description: IPRO 360 was brought together to gain real world experience with developing a building from design to construction. This experience is not...
Show moreIPRO 360 was brought together to gain real world experience with developing a building from design to construction. This experience is not limited to design and engineering, but also involves the business aspect of development. The team will be in charge of market research, code analysis, programming, design, engineering, and creating a business plan.
Deliverables
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Title: SUPERSONIC JET MIXING ENHANCEMENT USING IMPINGEMENT TONES FROM OBSTACLES OF VARIOUS GEOMETRIES
Creator: Raman, G, Rice, Ej
Date: 1995-03
Publisher: AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT
Description: This paper reports the results of an experiment that investigated the effect of impingement tones, generated by obstacles of various...
Show moreThis paper reports the results of an experiment that investigated the effect of impingement tones, generated by obstacles of various geometries, on the spreading of a supersonic jet flow. A rectangular supersonic jet was produced using a convergent-divergent nozzle that was operated near its design point (with shocks minimized). Immersing obstacles in the flow produced an intense impingement tone that then propagated upstream (as feedback) to the jet lip and excited the antisymmetric hydrodynamic mode in the jet, thus setting up a resonant self-sustaining loop. The violent flapping motion of the jet due to excitation of the antisymmetric mode, combined with the unsteady wakes of the obstacles, produced large changes in jet mixing. The experiment controlled the frequency and amplitude of the impingement tone excitation by varying the nozzle-to-obstacle distance and the obstacle immersion. Proper shaping of the obstacles made it possible to reduce the thrust penalty significantly.
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Title: Method and Apparatus for Fractionation of Fine Particles
Creator: Kaye, Brian Howard
Date: 4/23/2009, 1968-07-30
Description: Sponsorship: IIT Research Institute
United States Patent

Title: Urban Forestry (semester?), IPRO 317: Urban Forestry IPRO 317 Poster F07
Creator: Olson, Justin, Cooper, Martin, Carello, Frank, Ghandi, Melissa, Koshy, Abin, Palma, Jennifer, Kloepping, Jason, Song, Jong Mu, Song, Jong Hwa, Chung, Yak Yong, Kang, Sung Koo, Lee, Yewon, Shin, Hee Chan, Weston, Bradley
Date: 2007-12, 2007-12
Description: The goal of IPRO 317 is to create an operational and business model for Urban Forestry Management. Presently, the future of Chicago’s urban...
Show moreThe goal of IPRO 317 is to create an operational and business model for Urban Forestry Management. Presently, the future of Chicago’s urban forest is in question. While few refute the claim that trees are good for our community, allocating the resources to properly maintain or even expand our urban forest remains beyond our grasp. Our team seeks to make the urban forest a viable commodity in addition to its status as an asset. This would include examining the problem as a closed loop process as well as the sustainable harvest potential of the urban forest. The overall goal would be to create a business model that would increase the number of trees within the city, turn the revenue loss of tree maintenance into a revenue gain, and create a self sustaining model which will have the ability to stand on its own.
Deliverables for IPRO 317: Urban Forestry for the Fall 2007 semester
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Title: Sustainable Water distribution System for Pignon, Haiti (semester?), IPRO 327: Sustainable Water Distribution IPRO 327 Project Plan Sp07
Creator: George, Alayna, Kircher, Alex, Sissala, Amy, Mohammed, Ashfaq, Susek, Ben, Tam, Chi, Chung, Chun Pong, Durra, David, Williams, David, Radloff, Eric, Skrebo, Ermin, Forkan, Garret, Rajic, Ivan, Sullivan, Joshua, Tailor, Kinjal, Rokita, Mark, Ballog, Matt, Hollister, Nathaniel, Sawulski, Piotr, Shoulders, Shawn, Ratmani, Shoaib
Date: 2007-05, 2007-05
Description: Our objectives for the semester are:  Produce or procure a topographical map of Pignon, Haiti  Map the current structures on a topographical...
Show moreOur objectives for the semester are:  Produce or procure a topographical map of Pignon, Haiti  Map the current structures on a topographical map  Design a preliminary water distribution system  Work with Haiti Outreach to foster relations between IIT, the organization, and the community of Haiti  Raise funds to cover partial costs of trips to Haiti to gather data
Deliverables for IPRO 327: Sustainable Water distribution System for Pignon, Haiti for the Spring 2007 semester
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Title: PB Our Space- A Parsons Brinckerhoff Project (Summer 2011) IPRO 320: PB OUR SPACE– A Parsons Brinckerhoff Project IPRO320 Summer2011 Project Plan
Creator: Bell, Vince, Kavicky, Matthew, Khan, Taimoor, Kohli-lynch, Ciaran, Leevathana, Nick, Mcbride, Phillip, Nguyen, Hao, Vargas, Abigail, Wilkinson, David
Date: 2011, 2011-07
Description: Parsons Brinckerhoff (PB) is an engineering, construction, technical, and management services firm that provides diverse solutions to private...
Show moreParsons Brinckerhoff (PB) is an engineering, construction, technical, and management services firm that provides diverse solutions to private industrial customers worldwide, as well as to federal, regional, and local government agencies. Gathering requirements and feedback from the stakeholders for each project is imperative to meet the client’s needs. This process may be challenging due to the stakeholders’ diversity, location and time constraints. IPRO 320 was commissioned to design an application to interact with stakeholders for all PB projects. The stakeholders will be able to access information and take surveys, as well as post comments and other forms of multimedia to voice their opinions related to specific PB projects. During the summer 2011 semester, the IPRO developed concepts for an operational mobile application and web browser called PB OUR SPACE. To begin, this project required a vast amount of research and collaboration with Parsons Brinckerhoff. In order to make the most of a limited amount of time, the semester was divided into two parts. The first half of the semester was used to gather information about PB to build a better understanding of what would be required for the application. For the second half of the semester, we utilized that information to create a storyboard showing how the application will be used and developed. The functionality of the mobile application and browser is detailed in Appendix 3: Storyboard. The future IPRO team will be able to continue and expand this work by creating a working prototype of the storyboard concepts. All our work this semester has been compiled and filed to help make a smooth transition between semesters. This information contains the progress made thus far as well as recommendations for development of the application. By providing this information, the developed storyboard and proposed conclusions will make a solid framework for the development of the product, PB OUR SPACE (stakeholders’ perspectives about contextual elements).
Sponsorship: Parsons Brinckerhoff
Project Plan for IPRO 320: PB Our Space- A Parsons Brinckerhoff Project for the Summer 2011 semester
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Title: Renovation of Alumni Memorial Hall (semester?), IPRO 335
Creator: Ford, Brad, Kim, Youjoung, Oh, Hyunjoo, Reid, Rebekah, Woods, Nataniel, Babel, Alek, Dow, Dan, Kazi, Syed, Helland, Matt, Szajokowski, Jared, Tambah, Prince, Gibbs, Matt, Edwards, Tamakia, Uecke, Jeffrey, Uecke, Steve, Wegrzyn, Celeste, Atanassova, Tania
Date: 2007-05, 2007-05
Description: IPRO 335’s objective is to focus on starting the renovation and design of Alumni Memorial Hall used by the Civil and Architectural Engineering...
Show moreIPRO 335’s objective is to focus on starting the renovation and design of Alumni Memorial Hall used by the Civil and Architectural Engineering Department. This is the first semester this IPRO has been offered. Our main goal and objective is to research and analyze the current building in place, and begin a schematic design for Alumni Memorial Hall including the structural, mechanical, and electrical systems. We are setting the groundwork for this IPRO to be furthered in future semesters.
Deliverables for IPRO 335: Renovation of Alumni Memorial Hall for the Spring 2007 semester
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Title: Education and Technical Support of Prosthetics and Orthotics Education in Latin America (Semester Unknown) IPRO 309
Creator: Allen, Ross, Barlow, Elliot, Benger, Lydia, Buntain, Seth, De Nicolo, Marisa, Larue, Robert, Moore, Emily, Quandt, Gregory, Rozborski, Stefanie, Selby, Heather
Date: 2008, 2008-05
Description: There exists a strong demand for orthotics and prosthetics (O & P) in Latin America, with approximately 2.5 million people in need of this...
Show moreThere exists a strong demand for orthotics and prosthetics (O & P) in Latin America, with approximately 2.5 million people in need of this type of care. IPRO 309 was started in the spring of 2006 with the goal of helping to make this type of care more readily available. However, there are only 50 certified, and 1500 uncertified, O & P practitioners in Latin America. In order to become a certified practitioner, a student must graduate from an ISPO accredited program. Unfortunately, there is currently only one ISPO accredited program in existence in Latin America, along with several other programs that are not ISPO accredited. In October of 2004, Centro Don Bosco (Bogotá, Colombia), Don Bosco University (San Salvador, El Salvador), and the Laboratorio Gilete (Bogotá, Colombia) signed an agreement to establish the first accredited O & P education program in Colombia. Since then, Centro Don Bosco has allotted 3,500 square feet of space for the thriving faculty, classrooms, manufacturing training, and vocational workspace that are necessary for an ISPO accredited program. There are three levels of accreditation according to ISPO standards. Category III involves the design and manufacturing of orthotic and prosthetic devices, Category II includes the fabrication of the devices as well as direct patient care, and Category I includes production, treatment for patients, and research and development. The equivalent to ISPO in the United States is the American Board of Certification in Orthotics and Prosthetics (ABC). Because it is independent from the ISPO, the ABC standards of accreditation will need to be taken into account in order to carefully cross cultural and national boundaries.
Deliverables
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Title: PLANNING FOR HUMAN IMPLANTATION OF A CORTICAL VISUAL PROSTHESIS (Semester Unknown) IPRO 334: PlanningForHumanImplantationOfACorticalVisualProthesisIPRO334MidTermPresentationF09
Creator: Bern, David, Chen, Shanyl, Deroo, Mary, Gorski, David, Kelley, Tom, Leasenby, Alex, Li, Harry, Subhani, Maham, Taneja, Aanchal
Date: 2009, 2009-12
Description: We are providing a consultation to the sponsor, the IIT Visual Prosthesis Team, on how to proceed with preparation for human implantation of...
Show moreWe are providing a consultation to the sponsor, the IIT Visual Prosthesis Team, on how to proceed with preparation for human implantation of their intracortical visual prosthesis, which will be accomplished by researching different aspects and requirements for said implantation with an emphasis on subject perspective and selection. The device itself consists of electrode modules implanted in the visual cortex of individuals with blindness. By inducing a current in the modules, the volunteer would potentially perceive phosphenes, or light perceptions similar to camera flash afterimages, which could possibly form functional vision. The sponsor’s study would be focused on developing an assistive device for individuals with complete blindness.
Deliverables
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Title: Design of a Large Scale Structure (Semester Unknown) IPRO 315: DesignOfALargeScaleStructureIPRO315MidTermPresentationF09
Creator: Aguilar-wedge, Carmen, Animashaun, Oladipo, Baur, Alex, Cullen, Michael, Hadi, Shuaib, Hedge, Namrata, Kuo, Steve, Lee, Christopher, Lee, Yongdoo, Rybaltowski, Karol, Scully, Dawveed, Shen, Jie-hua, Yousef, Shadi
Date: 2009, 2009-12
Description: Located in Oakbrook, IL the architects and engineers of IPRO 315 will design a 22 story hotel. Together architects and engineers will modify...
Show moreLocated in Oakbrook, IL the architects and engineers of IPRO 315 will design a 22 story hotel. Together architects and engineers will modify and re analyze a structure created by pervious designers, and select any new materials for construction. In creating the hotel students will be responsible for the structural analysis of columns, beams, foundation, steel, and concrete design required to insure all serviceability requirements. The students will be required to follow the 2006 International Building Code, and secure the safety of all possible occupants. Management, leadership, ethics, and teamwork will be an integral part of building a large scale structure as students learn to work together on a “real life” project.
Deliverables
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Title: SPATIO-TEMPORAL RECONSTRUCTION FOR GATED CARDIAC SPECT
Creator: Niu, Xiaofeng
Date: 2011-07, 2011-07
Description: In myocardial perfusion imaging using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), gated acquisition is often used in order to deal...
Show moreIn myocardial perfusion imaging using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), gated acquisition is often used in order to deal with blur caused by cardiac motion in the resulting images. While this can provide useful information about the myocardial function, it also inevitably leads to reduced signal-to-noise ratio in the acquired data due to gating. In this work, we aim to investigate and evaluate image reconstruction methods for improving the quality of the reconstructed images in cardiac gated SPECT imaging. First, we propose a spatio-temporal (aka 4D) reconstruction procedure for gated images based on use of discrete Fourier transform (DFT) basis functions, wherein the image activity at each spatial location is regulated by a Fourier representation along the gate dimension. The gated images are then reconstructed through determination of the coefficients of the Fourier representation. We explore two different reconstruction algorithms, one is a penalized least-square approach and the other is a maximum a posteriori approach. Our simulation results demonstrate that use of DFT-basis functions in gated imaging can improve the accuracy of the reconstruction. While in gated imaging the tracer distribution is traditionally treated as constant, a recent development is gated dynamic imaging where the goal is to obtain an image sequence from a single acquisition which shows simultaneously both cardiac motion and tracer distribution change over the course of imaging. In this work, we further develop and demonstrate a fully 5D (3D space plus time plus gate) reconstruction procedure for cardiac gated, dynamic SPECT imaging, where the challenge is even greater without the use of multiple fast camera rotations. We develop and compare two iterative reconstruction algorithms: one is based on the modified block sequential regularized EM (BSREM-II) algorithm, and the other is based on the Bsplines algorithm. Our simulation results demonstrate that the 5D reconstruction xiii procedure can yield gated dynamic images which show quantitative information for both perfusion defect detection and cardiac motion. Based upon the success of 5D reconstruction, we also study the saliency of 5D images for detection of perfusion defects. We explore efficient ways for characterization and visualization of information pertinent to perfusion defects in a 5D image sequence. We apply various metrics to quantify the degree to which perfusion deficits can be detected. We show that these metrics can be used to produce new types of visualizations, showing wall motion and perfusion information, that may potentially be useful for clinical evaluation. Finally, with the ultimate goal of effective detection of lesion defect for clinical use, we also investigate a direct reconstruction approach to determine a sequence of gated, kinetic parameter images from a single acquisition, which can provide information simultaneously for both tracer kinetics and wall motion. To combat the greatly under-determined nature of the problem, we apply smoothness constraints to exploit the similarity both among the different gates and among the local spatial neighborhood. The parameter images of the different gates are then determined jointly using maximum a posteriori estimation from all the available image data.
Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering, July 2011
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