Search results
(41 - 60 of 5,887)
Pages
- Title
- VALIDATION OF BAKING TO INACTIVATE SALMONELLA IN HIGH-PROTEIN AND HIGH-FAT MODEL FOODS
- Creator
- Wang, Wenqian
- Date
- 2017, 2017-07
- Description
-
Baked food products, such as dry pet foods, undergo changes of temperature and water activity (aw) during forced hot air processes. As one of...
Show moreBaked food products, such as dry pet foods, undergo changes of temperature and water activity (aw) during forced hot air processes. As one of the most thermal resistant microorganisms in low-moisture/intermediate moisture foods, Salmonella’s thermal inactivation kinetics during these processes is not well understood and difficult to predict. The objective of this study was to evaluate thermal inactivation kinetics of Salmonella enterica serovar Agona 447967 in model high-protein (HP) and high-fat (HF) multiple-component foods baked in a laboratory-scale oven, as influenced by oven temperature and relative humidity (RH). Model high-protein and high-fat foods, formulated with wheat flour, soy protein and soy oil, were inoculated with Salmonella Agona to a level of ~9 log CFU/g, and mixed to form a homogenous dough. Dough samples (57 mm diameter x 6 mm thick) were baked (3 samples per dwell time, 6 dwell times per condition) in a lab-scale oven at 120°C (10% RH) and 85°C (20%, 35% RH, 50% RH), respectively. Temperature and aw were measured at the surface and geometric center of the product during baking. Processed samples were collected in sterile bags and immediately cooled in an ice-water bath. Salmonella was enumerated on trypticase soy agar supplemented with yeast extract and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Similar reductions (p>0.05) of 5.12-, 5.11-, 4.55-, and 4.78-log CFU/g were achieved after 40 min at 120°C/10% RH, 90 min at 85°C/20% RH, 50 min at 85°C/35% RH, 8 min at 85°C/50% RH, respectively, in the high-protein model food. Similar results were achieved in the high-fat matrix. The aw at the geometric center of the product (initially at aw =0.98) did not change appreciably during baking, while the aw at the product surface, the location of least lethality, decreased significantly (p<0.05) during baking; the decreases were more pronounced at lower oven RH. The results indicate that thermal inactivation of Salmonella Agona was driven by temperature and relative humidity in the oven. Higher temperature and higher relative humidity level led to greater Salmonella inactivation.
M.S. in Food Process Engineering, July 2017
Show less
- Title
- NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF AIR FLOW OVER A THIN OIL FILM
- Creator
- Dziedzic, William M.
- Date
- 2014, 2014-12
- Description
-
Turbulent boundary layer flow research uses oil film and oil drop interferometry to measure wall shear stress of air flows. Oil film...
Show moreTurbulent boundary layer flow research uses oil film and oil drop interferometry to measure wall shear stress of air flows. Oil film interferometry determines the rate oil decreases on a surface as the function of the shear stress magnitude. Current traditional methods have proven to be accurate but the solution is obtained by assuming a linear height distribution [3]. This assumes a constant shear stress along the oil drop and assures that there is no effect of the oil drop on the incoming boundary layer [3]. This effect maintains the continuity of shear stress at the air/oil interface, but the stream-wise velocity at the interface is discontinuous. It is thought that these approximations contain small errors but this has not been verified for zero pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer [3]. A computational fluid dynamics numerical study was performed to simulate the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) effects of air flow over an oil drop and the drop’s movement across the channel surface.
M.S. in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, December 2014
Show less
- Title
- Interactive Urban Landmark Kiosks for Memorial Walk of Martin Luther King (sequence unknown), IPRO 314 - Deliverables: IPRO 314 Final Report F09
- Creator
- O’leary, Kevin, Petty, Sonya, Qi, Tianshu, Tan, Sophia, Noor, Nashrah, Schleich, Kenneth, Akhtar, Ayesha, Cheng, Eric, Kim, James, Parker, Joseph, Saha, Sougata
- Date
- 2009-12
- Description
-
The objective of this IPRO is to help the students of Gage Park H.S. bring their vision of a memorial to a historical event into existence.
Spo...
Show moreThe objective of this IPRO is to help the students of Gage Park H.S. bring their vision of a memorial to a historical event into existence.
Sponsorship: Gage Park High School
Deliverables for IPRO 314: Interactive Urban Landmark Kiosks for Memorial Walk of Martin Luther King for the fall 2009 semester.
Show less
- Title
- Combined Magnetic Transducer Head and Coupling Transformer
- Creator
- Wiegand, David E.
- Date
- 1952-02-12
- Description
-
Sponsorship: Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology
United States Patent
- Title
- System for Detecting Twist and Bend in Turbine Blades
- Creator
- Bridges, Jack E., Hehn, Anton N., Schwab, Ronald R.
- Date
- 4/24/2009, 1970-03-24
- Description
-
Sponsorship: IIT Research Institute
United States Patent
- Title
- EARTH ORIENTATION PARAMETER FAULT MONITOR FOR HIGH INTEGRITY GNSS AVIATION APPLICATIONS
- Creator
- James Meno, Joel Patrick
- Date
- 2013-05-01, 2013-05
- Description
-
This paper develops threat models and mitigation techniques for mutually consistent satellite faults that are not detectable using Advanced...
Show moreThis paper develops threat models and mitigation techniques for mutually consistent satellite faults that are not detectable using Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (ARAIM) methods but are potentially hazardous to aviation users. Faults in the generation of Earth Orientation Parameters (EOPs), EOP Predictions (EOPPs) and their subsequent processing by the GPS Operational Control Segment (OCS) are of particular interest. In principle, if such faults are not detected by OCS, GPS satellite ephemerides could be corrupted constellation-wide in a consistent way, rendering existing ARAIM algorithms ineffective. The initial credibility of the EOP threat is established by the fact that it is explicitly listed as a potential integrity failure mode in the current GPS Standard Positioning Service Performance Standard (GPS SPS). Additionally, an observed EOP fault occurred on June 17, 2012. The dynamics of EOP faults can be reliably modeled as an initial bias with additive linear time variations. An initial broadcast ephemeris (A) is assumed to be EOP fault free and is verified as such via a ground monitor. If the second ephemeris (B) contains an EOP fault, then all satellite positions computed using ephemeris (B) would be rotated with respect to satellite positions obtained from ephemeris (A). Using the difference between the two computed satellite positions as the monitor 'measurement' in conjunction with the dynamic fault model, the parameters defining the EOP fault can be estimated using weighted least squares estimation. The two monitor components (airborne and ground) are bridged together by an Integrity Support Message (ISM). The ISM is needed to provide airborne users with essential information to bound nominal error distributions and fault prior probabilities. xiii The ISM also provides a means to inform airborne users of which ephemerides have passed civil ground monitor validation. The frequency of ISM updates needed to protect airborne GNSS users from the EOP threat is specified. Finally, global availability analysis show that the inclusion of the EOP fault detection algorithms does not cause any availability loss for LPV-200 aircraft precision approach applications.
M.S. in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, May 2013
Show less
- Title
- Fab Lab: Creating Design-to-Prototype Learning Modules at the Museum of Science and Industry (sequence unknown), IPRO 333 - Deliverables: IPRO 333 Project Plan F09
- Creator
- Bonesz, Andrew, Clark, Howard, Douglas, Carlie, Gajdorus, Michael, Gottschall, Keenan, Hendricks, Rachel, Kimball, Clayton, Linares, Jared, Marks, Paul, Mellom, James, Oblenida, Cindy, Pop, Sabina, Stelcel, Carl, Young, Jeremy, Zhou, Raymond
- Date
- 2009-12
- Description
-
The primary objective of IPRO 333 is to partner the knowledge and ideas of young engineers, architects, and scientists at IIT with the...
Show moreThe primary objective of IPRO 333 is to partner the knowledge and ideas of young engineers, architects, and scientists at IIT with the resources of the Museum of Science and Industry (MSI) in Chicago. This partnership endeavors to help the museum's Fabrication Laboratory (Fab Lab) maximize its potential as a resource for museum guests, young and old, as well as for IIT students, staff, and faculty.
Sponsorship: Museum of Science and Industry. Steven Willis- Director, Fabrication Lab
Deliverables for IPRO 333: Fab Lab: Creating Design-to-Prototype Learning Modules at the Museum of Science and Industry for the fall 2009 semester
Show less
- Title
- Innovative Uses of Native CAD Files Progress Report June 2011
- Creator
- Kleps, Stephen M., Menches, Cindy
- Date
- 2013-09-18, 2011-06
- Description
-
This publication presents an literature review, progress of an environmental scan, and preliminary findings of research for the project...
Show moreThis publication presents an literature review, progress of an environmental scan, and preliminary findings of research for the project entitled Innovative Uses of Native CAD Files.
Sponsorship: Electri International
Show less
- Title
- Our Energy Future: Lessons in Sustainability AND IPRO Teams for K-12: The Education Outreach Service Learning Cluster (sequence unknown), IPRO 332 - Deliverables: IPRO 332 Poster F09
- Creator
- Chavez, Jorge, Johnson, Ross, Chin, Jason, Grande, Gina, Lay, Livia, Mccloat, Declain, Nguyen, Nam, Olechno, Patrick, Randle, Jennifer, Tyler Ii, Micheal, Vega, Mayra, Weiner, Andrew, Zajac, Gregory
- Date
- 2009-12
- Description
-
The mission of the IPRO is to educate the community, focusing mainly on elementary and high school students, on the issues of sustainability...
Show moreThe mission of the IPRO is to educate the community, focusing mainly on elementary and high school students, on the issues of sustainability and energy conservation. The group looks to expand on the work that has been completed in previous semesters, by adding multi-media presentations to enhance the current teaching modules. Previous modules have presented to classrooms simply with information, and the team looks to add upon this by adding interactive and entertaining materials to intrigue the audience.
Deliverables for IPRO 332: IOur Energy Future: Lessons in Sustainability AND IPRO Teams for K-12: The Education Outreach Service Learning Cluster for the fall 2009 semester
Show less
- Title
- VIBRATIONAL CONTROL OF AN EXOTHERMIC CSTR - PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT BY MULTIPLE INPUT OSCILLATIONS
- Creator
- Shu, X. S., Rigopoulos, K., Cinar, A.
- Date
- 1989-02
- Publisher
- IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
- Description
-
A. Cinar et al. (1987) have shown that vibrational control of an exothermic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) by vibrating the total flow...
Show moreA. Cinar et al. (1987) have shown that vibrational control of an exothermic continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) by vibrating the total flow rate modifies its behavior and leads to stabilized operation in its unstable steady-state region. Here, the effect of multiple vibrating inputs and the contribution of their phase shift are investigated. Theoretical and experimental results indicate productivity improvement and amplitude reduction in reactor temperature swings by vibrating both input flow rate and input concentrations.
Endnote format citation
Show less
- Title
- Spherodized Fluorescent Beads for Improved Roadway Pavement Marker Visibility
- Creator
- Kozak, Edward M., Bartholomew, Craig S.
- Date
- 2009-05-11, 1996-05-14
- Description
-
Retroreflective glass or plastic beads have fluorescent properties when irradiated with ultraviolet light and are emplaced in signs in...
Show moreRetroreflective glass or plastic beads have fluorescent properties when irradiated with ultraviolet light and are emplaced in signs in patterns indicative of alphanumeric characters, or embedded in a hot melt comprising road stripes or embedded in the road asphalt or aggregate during construction of the road, to provide effectively bright and clear indications of signs or the extent and direction of the road. The glass beads comprise spherodized soda lime, borosilicate, phosphosilicate or aluminosilicate glasses with low levels of rare-earth dopants mixed therein, such as compounds containing one of the rare earths, or lanthanides. The plastic beads may have fluorescent materials mixed therein, typically organic pigments or dyes based on coumarin and rhodamine or the like.
Sponsorship: IIT Research Institute
United States Patent
Show less
- Title
- New Housing Model "Flexible Housing Components: IMG_7337_EDIT_Crop"
- Creator
- Quinn, Aidan
- Date
- 2012-05-02, 2012-05
- Description
-
This project is a focus on spatial flexibility. The idea is to generate housing components that focuses on flexibility in order to create...
Show moreThis project is a focus on spatial flexibility. The idea is to generate housing components that focuses on flexibility in order to create space that is defined by the user.
Show less
- Title
- Automated control of high temperature short time pasteurization
- Creator
- Negiz, A., Cinar, A., Schlesser, J. E., Ramanauskas, P., Armstrong, D. J., Stroup, W.
- Date
- 1996-12
- Publisher
- ELSEVIER SCI LTD
- Description
-
Cascade and multivariable control of a high temperature shot? time (HTST) pasteurization system were tested and compared with the performance...
Show moreCascade and multivariable control of a high temperature shot? time (HTST) pasteurization system were tested and compared with the performance of single-loop feedback control. Multivariable control was implemented on the basis of computations of product temperatures that yield equivalent lethality at a residence time of 15 s at 161 degrees F in the holding tube. Both cascade and multivariable controllers reduced product temperature fluctuations and overshoot compared to single-loop feedback control. Multivariable control was based on on-line computation of equivalent total lethality and it permitted operation at variable flow rates or at the most desirable temperatures for product quality and functionality. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Endnote format citation
Show less
- Title
- Some experiments on heat transmission
- Creator
- Ruef, J. E.
- Date
- 2009, 1912
- Publisher
- Armour Institute of Technology
- Description
-
http://www.archive.org/details/someexperimentso00ruef
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology
- Title
- The synchronous motor
- Creator
- Sleezer, Frank W., Williams, Wallace, Kelkenney, Artemas A.
- Date
- 2009, 1907
- Publisher
- Armour Institute of Technology
- Description
-
http://www.archive.org/details/synchronousmotor00slee
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology; Bibliography: leaves 35-37
- Title
- Magnetic Record Player
- Creator
- Camras, Marvin
- Date
- 1953-03-31
- Description
-
Sponsorship: Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology
United States Patent
- Title
- System and Method for Determining and Sharing Spectrum Availability
- Creator
- Taher, Tanim, Roberson, Dennis
- Date
- 2017-06-16, 2017-06-13
- Description
-
A method and apparatus for determining and sharing RF spectrum availability. The method includes automatically sensing and analyzing a...
Show moreA method and apparatus for determining and sharing RF spectrum availability. The method includes automatically sensing and analyzing a spectrum to identify used and/or unused portions of the spectrum, and automatically communicating the used and/or unused portions of the spectrum to a spectrum owner or a spectrum user. The invention has particular use in automatically identifying and quantifying current spectrum users, automatically reporting the current spectrum users to a spectrum owner, and/or allocating unused spectrum portions to users.
Sponsorship: Illinois Institute of Technology
United States Patent
Show less
- Title
- Hostile Spaces and Hostel Spaces: Re-Visioning Highway Infrastructure
- Creator
- Smith, Kevin
- Date
- 2010-07-30
- Title
- Pharmacological Atrial Defibrillator and Method
- Creator
- Arzbaecher, Robert C., Bump, Thomas E., Yurkonis, Charles E., Bloem, David R.
- Date
- 2009-05-11, 1996-06-18
- Description
-
A method and an implantable apparatus for automatically delivering a defibrillating drug to a patient upon detection of the onset of atrial...
Show moreA method and an implantable apparatus for automatically delivering a defibrillating drug to a patient upon detection of the onset of atrial fibrillation. Atrial activity of a heart is detected and monitored. A delivery time is continuously computed and a delivery signal is emitted as a function of the monitored level of the atrial activity. When the delivery signal is emitted, an infusion pump discharges a defibrillating drug into the bloodstream of the patient. The atrial activity is also continuously monitored for computing a pacing time at which a pacing signal is emitted as a second function of the monitored level of atrial activity. When the pacing signal is emitted a pacer paces the atrium of the heart.
Sponsorship: Illinois Institute of Technology
United States Patent
Show less