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Title: Apparatus and Method for In Situ Controlled Heat Processing of Hydrocarbonaceous Formations with a Controlled Parameter Line
Creator: Bridges, Jack E.
Date: 2009-05-08, 1985-02-12
Description: A system and method provide for preferential in situ heating of earth formations. A plurality of elongated conductive electrodes are emplaced...
Show moreA system and method provide for preferential in situ heating of earth formations. A plurality of elongated conductive electrodes are emplaced in earth formations in respective spaced rows bounding a particular volume of the earth formations and forming a transmission line, preferably a triplate line, extending in the direction of the electrodes with the particular volume of the earth formations providing a dielectric medium between respective rows of electrodes. Electromagnetic energy is supplied to the transmission line at a frequency at which the spacing between respective rows is less than about twice the skin depth at the frequency of the applied energy. Reactance means are disposed along respective electrodes to provide predetermined effective transmission line characteristics to develop a predetermined heating pattern in the earth formations. The reactance means may be reactances disposed discretely between sections of respective electrodes. The reactance means may also be disposed between respective electrodes and the earth formation, as by a dielectric coating. A heating pattern may be developed to heat hydrocarbon rich deposits preferentially.
Sponsorship: IIT Research Institute
United States Patent
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Title: Gerry-meandering: An Assessment of the Congressional District Model of Depository Allocation (preprint)
Creator: Ahrens, Aric G., Griffin, Luke A.
Date: 2003-06
Description: The preprint of a published article dealing with the effect of allocating Federal Depositories by Congressional district. Conclusions drawn...
Show moreThe preprint of a published article dealing with the effect of allocating Federal Depositories by Congressional district. Conclusions drawn include the fact that due to redistricting that occurs after each decennial census, over time some districts may have within their boundaries a greater number than the two depositories that Congressional district allocation was intended to produce. Likewise, over time shifting boundaries of districts have created districts that have no depositories whatsoever.
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Title: Financial Incubators, India: presentation 26 april
Creator: Shah, Shruti
Date: 2010-05-01, 2010-05

Title: Planning for Human Implantation of a Cortical Visual Prosthesis (sequence unknown), IPRO 334 - Deliverables: IPRO 334 IPRO Day Presentation F09
Creator: Bern, David, Chen, Shanyl, Deroo, Mary, Gorski, David, Kelly, Thomas, Leasenby, Alex, Li, Zhi, Pyrkh, Hanna, Subhani, Maham, Taneja, Aanchal
Date: 2009-12
Description: The Intracortical Visual Prosthesis is based upon that concept that by implanting a large number of subminiature electrodes within the human...
Show moreThe Intracortical Visual Prosthesis is based upon that concept that by implanting a large number of subminiature electrodes within the human visual cortex, coordinated temporal-spatial image information can be artificially communicated to the human visual cortex in the form of electrical currents, acting as a sensory substitute for normal vision.
Sponsorship: IIT Laboratory of Neural Prosthetic Research
Deliverables for IPRO 334: Planning for Human Implantation of a Cortical Visual Prosthesis for the fall 2009 semester
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Title: MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) DIACRYLATE HYDROGEL SYNTHESIS VIA VISIBLE LIGHT FREE-RADICAL PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
Creator: Lee, Chu-yi
Date: 2013, 2013-05
Description: Crosslinked hydrogels of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) have been extensively used as scaffolds for applications in tissue...
Show moreCrosslinked hydrogels of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) have been extensively used as scaffolds for applications in tissue engineering. In this thesis, PEGDA hydrogels are synthesized using visible light free-radical photopolymeriza- tion (λ = 514 nm) in the presence of the visible light photosensitive dye, EosinY, the co-initiator, triethanolamine (TEA), a comonomer, N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP), a crosslinking agent, PEGDA, and an optional PEG monoacrylate monomer that contains the cell adhesive ligand YRGDS. The incorporation level of the YRGDS lig- and as well as the physical and mechanical properties of these hydrogels dictate cell behavior and tissue regeneration. These hydrogel properties may be tuned through variations in polymerization conditions. The goal of this thesis was to develop a math- ematical model for PEGDA hydrogel formation which predicts the incorporation level of YRGDS and the crosslink density of hydrogel as a variety of polymerization con- ditions. This model provides insight into the process of hydrogel crosslinking and in effectively guiding the experimental design of these scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. To accomplish this task two major components comprised the studies of this thesis. The first component involved an investigation of the visible light photo- initiation mechanism of EosinY and TEA, and the second component involved the develop of a hydrogel synthesis model and its validation. Experiments and modeling were used to determine an expression for the rate of initiation of the EosinY/TEA initiation system and to propose a photoinitiation mechanism. In Chapter 2, exper- imental data and parameter fitting were utilized to obtain an empirical expression for the rate of initiation. However, this empirical expression did not consider the ef- fect of inhomogeneous light distribution which is present in this experimental system. The dynamics of light absorption during polymerization were measured under differ- xiv ent conditions in order to gain insight into the kinetic photoinitiation mechanism as well as the rate of initiation. In Chapter 3, a mechanism for this photo-initiation was proposed. Using this mechanism the light absorption dynamics accounting for inhomogeneous light distribution were simulated which were found to be in an agree- ment with the light absorption measurements shown in Chapter 2. Further validation of this proposed mechanism was achieved from polyNVP conversion measurements. This photo-initiation mechanism was implemented in the hydrogel model. In Chapter 4, the hydrogel synthesis model was developed based on the kinetic approach of the method of moments combined with the Numerical Fractionation technique. The model was used to predict the dynamics of hydrogel properties such as gel fraction, crosslink density, and RGD incorporation under various polymerization conditions. Model predictions were compared with experimental data. Three sets of experiments were conducted. In the first set of experiments where hydrogels were formed in the absence of Acryl-PEG-RGD, the total double bond concentration was kept constant while varying the compositions of NVP and PEGDA. The model and the experiments showed a maximum crosslink density for an acrylate to double bond ratio of 0.5 to 0.6. This is related to the synergistic cross-propagation between NVP and PEGDA, which results in an increase in the rate of polymerization leading to higher crosslink density. In the second set of experiments, hydrogels were formed in the presence of Acryl-PEG-RGD to investigate its incorporation as well as the hydrogel crosslink density. The model showed reasonable agreement with the experimental data and in some cases the predicted RGD deviated from the experimental measurements due to changes in volume upon swelling. The effect of swelling was not considered by the model. The calculated crosslink densities were compared with the inverse swelling ratios from the experiments. The reduction of free volume due to the space occupied xv by the unreacted pendant double bonds was not considered by the model. This reduc- tion of free volume affected the apparent swelling ratio obtained from experiments thus resulting in the observed mismatch between the experimental trends and the predicted crosslink density by the model. In the third set of experiments, additional crosslink density measurements were conducted using a PEGDA macromer of lower molecular weight (MW = 575 Da.). The experiments were performed in the absence of Acryl-PEG-RGD. Few cases were not accurately predicted since the model did not consider the reduction in the concentration of available pendant double bonds when gelation occurs. Among the three set of experiments, the hydrogel synthesis model offers reasonable predictions for most of the experimental cases. This model can be used as a guide for experimen- tally designing PEGDA hydrogels with the desired properties for tissue engineering applications.
PH.D in Chemical and Biological Engineering, May 2013
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Title: High Performance Green Homes (sequence unknown), IPRO 317 - Deliverables: IPRO 317 Brochure F09
Creator: Bhat, Adnan, Campbell, Brittanie, Cink, Jefferey, Gutstein, Yehuda, Hadi, Shuaib, Hafdi, Kamal, Hasan, Hasan, Kenig, Elezar, Lipski, Brian, Lollino, Luca, Margolis, Jordan, Nigamatzyanov, Tagir, Patel, Hiren, Patel, Neal, Shehada, Hazem, Toops, Melissa, Trauner, Crystal, Zgourdah, Mourad
Date: 2009-12
Description: The purpose of this project is to show how a team committed to helping people help save the world can leapfrog today's best designs. As...
Show moreThe purpose of this project is to show how a team committed to helping people help save the world can leapfrog today's best designs. As opposed to the tradition of minimum design standards that just meeting the building code, highest practical design standards are the focus. True sustainability is the goal of this project, including; Zero Carbon Emissions, Net Zero Energy, 100% Solar Power, 10 times the traditional design life, 1/10th the maintenance, rot proof, termite proof, fire proof, hurricane and earthquake resistant. The project team, using cutting edge technology, will develop all aspects of a start-up design and build company to promote High Performance Green Homes. This project will provide a great opportunity for IIT students to experience a challenging and interesting project and to significantly contribute to a better world.
Sponsorship: Jimmy Eng
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Title: Our Energy Future: Lessons in Sustainability AND IPRO Teams for K-12: The Education Outreach Service Learning Cluster (sequence unknown), IPRO 332 - Deliverables: IPRO 332 Midterm Presentation F09
Creator: Chavez, Jorge, Johnson, Ross, Chin, Jason, Grande, Gina, Lay, Livia, Mccloat, Declain, Nguyen, Nam, Olechno, Patrick, Randle, Jennifer, Tyler Ii, Micheal, Vega, Mayra, Weiner, Andrew, Zajac, Gregory
Date: 2009-12
Description: The mission of the IPRO is to educate the community, focusing mainly on elementary and high school students, on the issues of sustainability...
Show moreThe mission of the IPRO is to educate the community, focusing mainly on elementary and high school students, on the issues of sustainability and energy conservation. The group looks to expand on the work that has been completed in previous semesters, by adding multi-media presentations to enhance the current teaching modules. Previous modules have presented to classrooms simply with information, and the team looks to add upon this by adding interactive and entertaining materials to intrigue the audience.
Deliverables for IPRO 332: IOur Energy Future: Lessons in Sustainability AND IPRO Teams for K-12: The Education Outreach Service Learning Cluster for the fall 2009 semester
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Title: Understanding Construction Workers’ Risk Decisions Using Cognitive Continuum Theory
Creator: Menches, Cindy L., Saxena, Jaya
Date: 2013-09-19, 2013-09-19
Description: The goal of the research presented in this article was to construct a theory about the influence of decision cues on intuitive and...
Show moreThe goal of the research presented in this article was to construct a theory about the influence of decision cues on intuitive and deliberative decision-making in high-hazard construction environments. Drawing from Cognitive Continuum Theory, the article specifies a framework for understanding why and how construction workers make decisions that lead to taking or avoiding physical risks when they encounter daily hazards. A secondary aim of the research was to construct a set of hypotheses about how specific decision cues influence whether a worker is more likely to engage their intuitive impulses or to use careful deliberation when responding to a hazard. These hypotheses are described in this article, and the efficacy of the hypotheses was evaluated using cross-tabulations and nonparametric measures of association. While most of the associations between decision cues and decision mode (i.e., intuition or deliberation) identified in this data set were generally modest, none of the associations were statistically zero, thus indicating that further research is warranted based on theoretical grounds. A rigorous program of theory testing is the next logical step to the research, and the article thus concludes with numerous suggestions for extending the research and testing the proposed hypotheses.
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Title: Hybrid Electric Conversion Kit for Rear-wheel Drive, All Wheel Drive, and Four Wheel Drive Vehicles
Creator: Rodriguez, Fernando, Lukic, Srdjan M., Wirasingha, Sanjaka G., Emadi, Ali
Date: 2012-03-20, 2011-09-06
Description: This invention relates to a parallel hybrid electric conversion kit for a vehicle with an internal combustion engine, a driveshaft and a...
Show moreThis invention relates to a parallel hybrid electric conversion kit for a vehicle with an internal combustion engine, a driveshaft and a transmission, such as, rear wheel drive vehicles, four-wheel drive vehicles, heavy duty multiple-driven-axle vehicles and/or all-wheel drive vehicles. The conversion kit includes a motor-generator, a torque coupler, a battery, a power electronics module and a controller. Suitable torque couplers include transfer cases and/or rear-through differentials. The conversion kit provides an aftermarket solution to increased performance, fuel economy and/or reduced emissions by modifying the drivetrain after the transmission. According to one embodiment of this invention, the control scheme of the installed conversion kit receives input signals from the engine and the motor-generator, but only sends control signals to the motor-generator, facilitating installation of the conversion kit.
Sponsorship: Illinois Institute of Technology
United States Patent
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Title: Magnetic Transuducer Head
Creator: Wiegand, David E.
Date: 1958-10-07
Description: Sponsorship: Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology
United States Patent

Title: FINFET BASED STANDARD CELL LIBRARY CHARACTERIZATION
Creator: Yuan, Yu
Date: 2015, 2015-07
Description: In this work, four standard cell libraries based on FinFET technology have been characterized and implemented. The first library uses the BSIM...
Show moreIn this work, four standard cell libraries based on FinFET technology have been characterized and implemented. The first library uses the BSIM-CMG and PTM-MG models, which represents the common multi-gate devices. Two libraries are based on the BSIM-IMG model, operating in short-gate (corresponding to low-Vt) mode and lowpower (corresponding to high-Vt) mode separately. Synthesis and simulation of BSIMCMG based library is presented and compared to the conventional 45nm CMOS library, FreePDK45. The results show acceptable accuracy of the library based on BSIM-CMG model. For the libraries based on BSIM-IMG model, Short-Gate (SG) mode, Low-Power (LP) mode and the mixed-mode (combining both SG and LP modes) have been analyzed. The results proved that the low-power independent multi-gate FinFET can be used for leakage power reduction, just like the bulk CMOS high-Vt devices. At the end of this work, another library based on CCS model was characterized and verified, which show far better accuracy in terms of both timing and power modeling.
M.S. in Electrical Engineering, July 2015
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Title: Our Energy Future: Lessons in Sustainability AND IPRO Teams for K-12: The Education Outreach Service Learning Cluster (sequence unknown), IPRO 332 - Deliverables: IPRO 332 IPRO Day Presentation F09
Creator: Chavez, Jorge, Johnson, Ross, Chin, Jason, Grande, Gina, Lay, Livia, Mccloat, Declain, Nguyen, Nam, Olechno, Patrick, Randle, Jennifer, Tyler Ii, Micheal, Vega, Mayra, Weiner, Andrew, Zajac, Gregory
Date: 2009-12
Description: The mission of the IPRO is to educate the community, focusing mainly on elementary and high school students, on the issues of sustainability...
Show moreThe mission of the IPRO is to educate the community, focusing mainly on elementary and high school students, on the issues of sustainability and energy conservation. The group looks to expand on the work that has been completed in previous semesters, by adding multi-media presentations to enhance the current teaching modules. Previous modules have presented to classrooms simply with information, and the team looks to add upon this by adding interactive and entertaining materials to intrigue the audience.
Deliverables for IPRO 332: IOur Energy Future: Lessons in Sustainability AND IPRO Teams for K-12: The Education Outreach Service Learning Cluster for the fall 2009 semester
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Title: PREPARATION FOR IMPLANTATION OF AN INTRACORTICAL VISUAL PROSTTIESIS IN A HUMAN: WORKING TOWARDS SATURATION
Creator: Troyk, Melissa J
Date: 2017, 2017-07
Description: The research focused on restoring visual perception via a vision prosthetic is progressing at a rapidly advancing rate. Previous research on...
Show moreThe research focused on restoring visual perception via a vision prosthetic is progressing at a rapidly advancing rate. Previous research on the experiences and perspectives of past, current, and potential vision prosthesis users has demonstrated that the decision to obtain a vision prosthetic is driven by a variety of unique factors and variables that merge with one another during the process of deciding to participate in clinical vision prosthesis research (Lane, Huyck, Troyk, & Schug, 2012; Lane, Nitsch, Huyck, Troyk, & Schug, 2014; Lane, Nitsch, & Troyk, 2015). The purpose of the current study was twofold: 1) to determine if our understanding of the experiences and perspectives of potential vision prosthesis users was nearing saturation, and 2) to understand the perspectives of potential vision prosthesis users who are veterans. Data were analyzed in accordance with qualitative analysis procedures. Results identified several new themes and subthemes that were determined to be important to our understanding of potential users’ perspectives of an intracortical vision prosthesis device. A preliminary framework is proposed for understanding how the identified themes and subthemes merge during the process of deciding to participate in an experimental vision prosthesis human clinical trial. The results demonstrated that while progress has been made, there is still more to learn about blind individuals’ perspectives of vision prostheses and how they would decide to participate in vision prosthesis research.
M.S. in Psychology, July 2017
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Title: PROPOSITION AND EVALUATION OF A NEW DAMPER, CALLED ROTATIONAL CYLINDRICAL FRICTION DAMPER (RCFD)
Creator: Divani, Abbass
Date: 2013, 2013-12
Description: The objective of this study is to propose and evaluate an innovative frictional damper for structural systems, called Rotational Cylindrical...
Show moreThe objective of this study is to propose and evaluate an innovative frictional damper for structural systems, called Rotational Cylindrical Friction Damper (RCFD), which does not bear limitation of previously proposed systems and yet maintains their advantages. Different kinds of energy dissipaters have been studied and used in structural systems in recent years. They perform more effectively compared to structures without any energy dissipater. Each of previously employed devices has its advantages and limitations. In this report, applicability of previous energy dissipaters will be investigated; then the proposed damper, RCFD, will be introduced, and the performance of RCFD will be evaluated under lateral load using ABAQUS software. RCFD consists of a shaft, a cylinder and proper assembly of braces so that the bracing members make the cylinder and shaft move in opposite circular directions under defined load. The assemblage of braces depends on type of bracing system that is employed. When load in bracing member exceeds the buckling load of the member, it overcomes the friction between the shaft and inner surface of the cylinder and while providing the ductility demand of the structure, it absorbs the energy of the seismic load, and it will work like a safety valve to protect main structural members from inelastic deformation. In spite of other types of frictional dampers, RCFD does not use and reduces the construction cost of high strength bolts. There is no limitation for the size and fitness of the bracing members more than that is for conventional design of braced frames. When we prove the performance of RCFD, some of the requirements of conventional design such as requirement of section F2 of Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings, AISC 341-10, will be eliminated. The pressure needed for developing friction is provided by heating the shaft and placing it into the cylinder with slightly smaller xiii diameter. It is simple to design and construct and does not have the limitation of other kinds of frictional damper systems. It can also be installed with little or no modification on any kind of Braced Frames or to retrofit Moment Frames. In this study, RCFD will be installed and evaluated on an Inverted V Concentrically Braced Frame, although installation of the RCFD on X Braced frame will be illustrated.
M.S. in Civil Engineering, December 2013
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Title: DEGRADATION RATE MODEL TO ESTIMATE SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION
Creator: Zhai, Wenjuan
Date: 2016, 2016-05
Description: Concern over climate change as a consequence of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from human activities has resulted in efforts to better...
Show moreConcern over climate change as a consequence of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from human activities has resulted in efforts to better understand potential mitigation measures such as carbon sequestration in soils. Processes shaping natural carbon sequestration may be used to remove excess CO2 from combustion and other anthropogenic sources of carbon, and, alleviate concerns over climate change. Land application of biosolids is a process that increases the amount of soil carbon sequestration and may produce carbon credits in accordance with the definition of UN Climate Change Convention. A dynamic degradation rate model (DRM) has been developed based on a mass balance and first order kinetics to describe the soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition process, which provides insights on carbon sequestration due to microbial biomass, SOC, CO2 emission rates, residence time of sequestered carbon, and biomass to biosolids ratios. A curve fitting approach was used to produce a best fit average degradation rate for biosolids degradation and microbial biomass yield. This study employed a 34-year biosolids application database from the literature to determine the amount of carbon sequestered in 41 strip-mined Illinois fields. The DRM application identifies two SOC phases in soil. Soil organic carbon gain in phase one (first 10 yrs) is primarily due to biosolids C application remaining and accumulation while in phase two, SOC gain is due to biomass or C sequestration. Carbon sequestration changes with time relate to variations in biosolids application amounts (10 and 18 Mg ha-1 yr-1), different degradation rate constants (0.04yr-1 to 0.16yr-1), and biomass yields (35 to 40%). Additionally, comparison between model simulation results and laboratory resultsdetermine the amount of carbon sequestered in 41 strip-mined Illinois fields. The DRM application identifies two SOC phases in soil. Soil organic carbon gain in phase one (first 10 yrs) is primarily due to biosolids C application remaining and accumulation while in phase two, SOC gain is due to biomass or C sequestration. Carbon sequestration changes with time relate to variations in biosolids application amounts (10 and 18 Mg ha-1 yr-1), different degradation rate constants (0.04yr-1 to 0.16yr-1), and biomass yields (35 to 40%). Additionally, comparison between model simulation results and laboratory resultsdetermine the amount of carbon sequestered in 41 strip-mined Illinois fields. The DRM application identifies two SOC phases in soil. Soil organic carbon gain in phase one (first 10 yrs) is primarily due to biosolids C application remaining and accumulation while in phase two, SOC gain is due to biomass or C sequestration. Carbon sequestration changes with time relate to variations in biosolids application amounts (10 and 18 Mg ha-1 yr-1), different degradation rate constants (0.04yr-1 to 0.16yr-1), and biomass yields (35 to 40%). Additionally, comparison between model simulation results and laboratory resultsdetermine the amount of carbon sequestered in 41 strip-mined Illinois fields. The DRM application identifies two SOC phases in soil. Soil organic carbon gain in phase one (first 10 yrs) is primarily due to biosolids C application remaining and accumulation while in phase two, SOC gain is due to biomass or C sequestration. Carbon sequestration changes with time relate to variations in biosolids application amounts (10 and 18 Mg ha-1 yr-1), different degradation rate constants (0.04yr-1 to 0.16yr-1), and biomass yields (35 to 40%). Additionally, comparison between model simulation results and laboratory results provided by a yearlong study indicates that higher temperatures and moisture content and finer soils are related to larger degradation rates. To summarize, this study has the following contributions: (1) developed a degradation rate model which simulates the biosolids degradation process in soil and identifies two SOC phases in soil, and quantifies the biosolids degradation rate constant, biomass yield, and the C sequestered amount for multiple and long term soil application; (2) assessed the effect of changes in the amount of biosolids applied, soil type, and weather conditions on the C degradation rate by comparing model results to laboratory data; and (3) provides an easy quantitative method for predicting C sequestration from biosolids added to soil.
Ph.D. in Environmental Engineering, May 2016
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Title: Design of a Large Scale Structure (sequence 315), IPRO 315 - Deliverables
Creator: Aguilar-wedge, Carmen, Animashaun, Oladipo, Baur, Alex, Cullen, Michael, Hadi, Shuaib, Hedge, Namrata, Kuo, Steve, Lee, Christopher, Lee, Yongdoo, Rybaltowski, Karol, Scully, Dawveed, Shen, Jie-hua, Yousef, Shadi
Date: 2009-12
Description: Located in Oakbrook, IL the architects and engineers of IPRO 315 will design a 22 story hotel. Together architects and engineers will modify...
Show moreLocated in Oakbrook, IL the architects and engineers of IPRO 315 will design a 22 story hotel. Together architects and engineers will modify and re analyze a structure created by pervious designers, and select any new materials for construction. In creating the hotel students will be responsible for the structural analysis of columns, beams, foundation, steel, and concrete design required to insure all serviceability requirements. The students will be required to follow the 2006 International Building Code, and secure the safety of all possible occupants. Management, leadership, ethics, and teamwork will be an integral part of building a large scale structure as students learn to work together on a “real life” project.
Deliverables for IPRO 315: Design of a Large Scale Structure for the fall 2009 semester
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Title: SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION OF NIOBIUM FOR SUPERCONDUCTING RF CAVITIES
Creator: Cao, Chaoyue
Date: 2014, 2014-07
Description: Surface characterization techniques including point contact tunneling (PCT) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy have been employed to study...
Show moreSurface characterization techniques including point contact tunneling (PCT) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy have been employed to study the surface of niobium (Nb) superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities. PCT spectroscopy provides a direct means of measuring the surface superconductivity, which is closely correlated with the cavity’s performance characterized by the quality factor Q. Cavities with remarkably high Q show near ideal tunneling spectra with sharp coherent peaks and low zero bias conductance, consistent with the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrie↵er (BCS) density of states (DOS), and bulk gap parameter, " = 1.55 -1.6 meV. Cavities with Q-drop often exhibit strong non-uniform heating during RF operations, with high loss regions identified as hot spots. PCT spectra on hot spots reveal suppressed superconductivity, broadened DOS and Kondo tunneling, consistent with magnetic impurities on the surface. Raman spectra on hot spots indicate the presence of various impurities on the surface including amorphous carbon, C-H chain compounds and NbC, providing insights into the formation of hot spots. The origin of the impurities is unclear at present but it is suggested that particular processing steps in SRF cavity fabrication may be responsible.
Ph.D. in Physics, July 2014
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Title: Functionalized Polyoxovanadates: Synthesis, Characterization and Properties
Creator: Zheng, Yujuan
Date: 2012-04-30, 2011-12
Description: The compound [NaVIV6O6{(OCH2CH2)2NCH2CH2OH}6]Cl.H20, designated C0 in this report, an Anderson type structure, contains a single nitrogen atom...
Show moreThe compound [NaVIV6O6{(OCH2CH2)2NCH2CH2OH}6]Cl.H20, designated C0 in this report, an Anderson type structure, contains a single nitrogen atom in place of a single oxygen atom in each of the six vanadium-oxygen octahedra. Attached to each nitrogen are two alkoxide arms (-O-C-C-) which terminate on separate oxygen atoms of the octahedra. A third ethoxy group (-CH2-CH2-OH) dangles freely from each nitrogen atom. The functionalized cationic core [NaVIV6O6{(OCH2CH2)2NCH2CH2OH}6]+ is generated in situ and is cationic with a charge of +1. Chloride is the counteranion. Each vanadium addenda atom is the +4 oxidation state, and the six unpaired electrons result in interesting magnetic properties. C0 is obtained by reaction of a vanadium oxide source triethanolamine. The purpose of the research described here was to adapt the synthetic protocol associated with triethanolamine to other similar ligands. Ligand choice was motivated by the broader goal of this research group to form (extended) hybrid electronic and magnetic materials by chemically bonding POM cores to chemically interesting ligands, such as dyes or other POM cores. In this regard, the original triethanolamine derivative has a number of shortcomings; chief among them is the inaccessibility of the alcoholic functional group chemistry---due to its low pH---that otherwise might have been used to form linkages through the dangling alkoxy arms. Additionally, linkages containing paraffinic carbon (-C-C-), which is not a good conduit of electronic interaction, are chemically undesirable where the synthetic goal is hybrid structures with interesting electronic and magnetic properties. The results associated with the three ligands, diethanolamine, N,N'-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine, and N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethy) ethylenediamine, are described herein. Diethanolamine was chosen because---based on a structural comparison to triethanolamine---it was expected to produce a structure having a hydrogen atom in place of the dangling ethoxy arms, which was indeed the result. We considered this structure highly desirable becasue of the potential lability of the hydrogen atom (-N-H), which would allow us to functionalist the core directly. The resulting compounds are characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, mass spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy, maganometric titration, temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements, and cyclic voltammetry. The results of the cyclicvoltammetric investigation are consistent with the labile hydrogen atom (-N-H).
M.S. in Chemistry, December 2011
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Title: MULTIPLE-INPUT MULTIPLE-OUTPUT NONLINEAR CONTROL OF SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION SYSTEMS
Creator: Dong, Siwei
Date: 2015, 2015-05
Description: Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is one of the most promising solutions to meet the future nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions regulations for...
Show moreSelective catalytic reduction (SCR) is one of the most promising solutions to meet the future nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions regulations for heavy-duty diesel vehicles. However, such vehicles often operate in highly transient operations in which mobile selective catalytic reduction systems encounter significant efficiency challenges, especially when the engine is under a low load. A detailed simulation model of the SCR system was developed in the Gamma Technologies simulation suite and a baseline model of feedback control on SCR was constructed. Experiment data for the exhaust gas composition and conditions from a Cummins ISB engine was used to provide the input parameters for the SCR model. The results reveal that in the low-load conditions, the efficiency of NOx reduction in the SCR system is very low, and the level NOx concentration exiting the vehicle could be over 5 times than the limitation set by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). However, these issues are encountered in part due to the fact that current SCR controls focus solely on the aftertreatment components and treat the incoming engine output conditions as system disturbances. To address the low NOx conversion problems encountered in low load conditions, a new integrated engine and aftertreatment control model was designed. This integrated approach improves the SCR system efficiency by using available feedback and modulating the upstream air/fuel ratio to provide more favorable SCR inlet conditions. From experiment data analysis, the engine’s air/fuel ratio is shown to have a critical impact on exhaust gas temperature and exhaust oxygen fraction, which highly affect the SCR reactions. In order to integrate the engine and aftertreatment system, a model of the SCR dynamics was created and validated and a simple model of the relationship between the engine’s air/fuel ratio and resulting exhaust temperature and composition is leveraged. The new model-based control strategy is proven to be effective to improve SCR system performance at low-load operations. With a small value shift in air/fuel ratio, the efficiency of low-load SCR system can increase from 40% to 85% at low load operating conditions.
M.S. in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, May 2015
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Title: Devices that Assist Blind & Visually-Impaired Individuals in Swimming and Other Exercise Activities (sequence unknown), IPRO 310 - Deliverables: IPRO 310 Midterm Presentation F09
Creator: Dykeman, Kimberly, Healton, Michaela, Lipman, Timothy, Ludwig, Ross, Park, Jay, Reilly, Jeffrey, Sarkar, Smita, Sirk, Phillip, Toro, Branden
Date: 2009-12
Description: The objective is to develop, test, and implement assistive technology with the community that promotes safety and improves independence of...
Show moreThe objective is to develop, test, and implement assistive technology with the community that promotes safety and improves independence of blind and visually impaired (BVI) swimmers.
Sponsorship: Chicago Lighthouse for the Blind & Visually-Impaired. Notre Dame University
Deliverables for IPRO 310:Devices that Assist Blind & Visually-Impaired Individuals in Swimming and Other Exercise Activities for the fall 2009 semester.
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