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Title: Data-Driven Methods for Soft Robot Control and Turbulent Flow Models
Creator: Lopez, Esteban Fernando
Date: 2022
Description: The world today has seen an exponential increase in its usage of computers for communication and measurement. Thanks to recent technologies,...
Show moreThe world today has seen an exponential increase in its usage of computers for communication and measurement. Thanks to recent technologies, we are now able to collect more data than ever before. This has dawned a new age of data-driven methods which can describe systems and behaviors with increasing accuracy. Whereas before we relied on the expertise of a few professionals with domain-specific knowledge developed over years of rigorous study, we are now able to rely on collected data to reveal patterns, develop novel ideas, and offer solutions to the world’s engineering problems. No domain is safe. Within the engineering realm, data-driven methods have seen vast usage in the areas of control and system identification. In this thesis we explore two areas of data-driven methods, namely reinforcement learning and data-driven causality. Reinforcement learning is a method by which an agent learns to increase its selection of ideal actions and behaviors which result in an increasing reward. This method was applied to a soft-robotic concept called the JAMoEBA to solve various tasks of interest in the robotics community, specifically tunnel navigation, obstacle field navigation, and object manipulation. A validation study was conducted to show the complications that arise when applying reinforcement learning to such a complex system. Nevertheless, it was shown that reinforcement learning is capable of solving three key tasks (static tunnel navigation, obstacle field navigation, and object manipulation) using specific simulation and learning hyperparameters. Data-driven causality encompasses a range of metrics and methods which attempt to uncover causal relationships between variables in a system. Several information theoretic causal metrics were developed and applied to nine mode turbulent flow data set which represents the Moehlis model. It was shown that careful consideration into the method used was required to identify significant causal relationships. Causal relationships were shown to converge over several hundred realizations of the turbulent model. Furthermore, these results match the expected causal relationships given known information of self-sustaining processes in turbulence, validating the method’s ability to identify causal relationships in turbulence.
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Title: Heterogeneous Workloads Study towards Large-scale Interconnect Network Simulation
Creator: Wang, Xin
Date: 2023
Description: High-bandwidth, low-latency interconnect networks play a key role in the design of modern high- performance computing (HPC) systems. The ever...
Show moreHigh-bandwidth, low-latency interconnect networks play a key role in the design of modern high- performance computing (HPC) systems. The ever-increasing need for higher bandwidth and higher message rate has driven the design of low-diameter interconnect topologies like variants of dragonfly. As these hierarchical networks become increasingly dominant, interference caused by resource sharing can lead to significant network congestion and performance variability. Meanwhile, with the rapid growth of the machine learning applications, the workloads of future HPC systems are anticipated to be a mix of scientific simulation, big data analytics, and machine learning applications. However, little work has been conducted to understand performance implications of co-running heterogeneous workloads on large-scale dragonfly systems. There is a greater need to study how different interconnect technologies affect workload performance, and how conventional scientific applications interact with emerging big data applications at the underlying interconnect level. In this work, we firstly present a comparative analysis exploring the communication interference for traditional HPC applications by analyzing the trade-off between localizing communication and balancing network traffic. We conduct trace-based simulations for applications with different communication patterns, using multiple job placement policies and routing mechanisms. Then we develop a scalable workload manager that provides an automatic framework to facilitate hybrid workload simulation. We investigate various hybrid workloads and navigate various application-system configurations for a deeper understanding of performance implications of a diverse mix of workloads on current and future supercomputers. Finally, we propose a scalable framework, Union+, that enables simulation of communication and I/O simultaneously. By combining different levels of abstraction, Union+ is able to efficiently co-model the communication and I/O traffic on HPC systems that equipped with flash-based storage. We conduct experiments with different system configurations, showing how Union+ can help system designers to assess the usefulness of future technologies in next-generation HPC machines.
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Title: Retrospective Quantitative T1 Imaging to Examine Characteristics of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions
Creator: Young, Griffin James
Date: 2024
Description: Quantitative MRI plays an essential role in assessing tissue abnormality and diseaseprogression in multiple sclerosis (MS). Specifically, T1...
Show moreQuantitative MRI plays an essential role in assessing tissue abnormality and diseaseprogression in multiple sclerosis (MS). Specifically, T1 relaxometry is gaining popularity as elevated T1 values have been shown to correlate with increased inflammation, demyelination, and gliosis. The predominant issue is that relaxometry requires parametric mapping through advanced imaging techniques not commonly included in standard clinical protocols. This leaves an information gap in large clinical datasets from which quantitative mapping could have been performed. We introduce T1-REQUIRE, a retrospective T1 mapping method that approximates T1 values from a single T1-weighted MR image. This method has already been shown to be accurate within 10% of a clinically available reference standard in healthy controls but will be further validated in MS cohorts. We also further aim to determine T1-REQUIRE’s statistical significance as a unique biomarker for the assessment of MS lesions as they relate to clinical disability and disease burden. A 14-subject comparison between T1-REQUIRE maps derived from 3D T1 weighted turbo field echoes (3D T1w TFE) and an inversion-recovery fast field echo (IRFFE) revealed a whole-brain voxel-wise Pearson’s correlation of r = 0.89 (p < 0.001) and mean bias of 3.99%. In MS white matter lesions, r = 0.81, R2 = 0.65 (p < 0.001, N = 159), bias = 10.07%, and in normal appearing white matter (NAWM), r = 0.82, R 2 = 0.67 (p < 0.001), bias = 9.48%. Mean lesional T1-REQUIRE and MTR correlated significantly (r = -0.68, p < 0.001, N = 587) similar to previously published literature. Median lesional MTR correlated significantly with EDSS (rho = -0.34, p = 0.037), and lesional T1-REQUIRE exhibited xiii significant correlations with global brain tissue atrophy as measured by brain parenchymal fraction (BPF) (r = -0.41, p = 0.010, N = 38). Multivariate linear regressions between T1- REQUIRE NAWM provided meaningful statistical relationships with EDSS (β = 0.03, p = 0.027, N = 38), as well as did mean MTR values in the Thalamus (β = -0.27, p = 0.037, N = 38). A new spoiled gradient echo variation of T1-REQUIRE was assessed as a proof of concept in a small 5-subject MS cohort compared with IR-FFE T1 maps, with a whole brain voxel-wise correlation of r = 0.88, R2 = 0.77 (p < 0.001), and Bias = 0.19%. Lesional T1 comparisons reached a correlation of r = 0.75, R2 = 0.56 (p < 0.001, N = 42), and Bias = 10.81%. The significance of these findings means that there is the potential to provide supplementary quantitative information in clinical datasets where quantitative protocols were not implemented. Large MS data repositories previously only containing structural T1 weighted images now may be used in big data relaxometric studies with the potential to lead to new findings in newly uncovered datasets. Furthermore, T1-REQUIRE has the potential for immediate use in clinics where standard T1 mapping sequences aren’t able to be readily implemented.
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Title: Prediction and Control of In-Cylinder Processes in Heavy-Duty Engines Using Alternative Fuels
Creator: Pulpeiro Gonzalez, Jorge
Date: 2024
Description: This Ph.D. thesis focuses on advancing diagnostic techniques and control-oriented models to enhance the efficiency and performance of internal...
Show moreThis Ph.D. thesis focuses on advancing diagnostic techniques and control-oriented models to enhance the efficiency and performance of internal combustion (IC) engines, particularly heavy-duty engines utilizing alternative fuels. The research endeavors to contribute to the field of model-based control of engines through the development and implementation of innovative methodologies. The primary emphasis is on the development of diagnostic methods, control-oriented models and advanced control strategies for compression ignition engines using alternative fuels. The first key topic explores the determination of the Most Representative Cycle for Combustion Phasing Estimation based on cylinder pressure measurements. The method developed extracts crucial information from experimental data obtained from four distinct engines: the heavy-duty single-cylinder GCI engine, the light-duty multi-cylinder diesel engine, a CFR engine, and a single-cylinder light-duty Spark Ignition (SI) engine. This work lays the foundation for precise combustion phasing estimation, a critical parameter for engine control. The second major contribution involves the development of control-oriented models for Variable Geometry Turbochargers (VGT) and inter-coolers. Two models are established: a data-driven turbocharger model and an empirical inter-cooler model. These models are meticulously calibrated and validated using experimental data from a multi-cylinder light-duty diesel engine, providing valuable insights into the behavior of these components under varying conditions. The outcomes contribute to facilitate predictive control of engine air systems. The third core aspect of the thesis revolves around Model Predictive Control of Combustion Phasing in heavy-duty compression-ignition engines utilizing alternative fuels. A combustion phasing and engine load model is derived from experimental data and incorporated into an MPC framework. The MPC strategy is subsequently tested in the heavy-duty GCI test cell and compared against a conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control strategy. The results showcase the effectiveness of the MPC approach in achieving precise control of combustion phasing, demonstrating its potential for optimizing engine performance. In summary, this Ph.D. thesis contributes significantly to the field of engine controls by advancing diagnostic techniques, control-oriented models, and implementing a cutting-edge MPC-based control strategy for compression ignition engines using alternative fuels. The research findings not only enhance the understanding of in-cylinder processes but also pave the way for more efficient and sustainable heavy-duty engines using alternative fuels.
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Title: Prediction and Control of In-Cylinder Processes in Heavy-Duty Engines Using Alternative Fuels
Creator: Pulpeiro Gonzalez, Jorge
Date: 2024
Description: This Ph.D. thesis focuses on advancing diagnostic techniques and control-oriented models to enhance the efficiency and performance of internal...
Show moreThis Ph.D. thesis focuses on advancing diagnostic techniques and control-oriented models to enhance the efficiency and performance of internal combustion (IC) engines, particularly heavy-duty engines utilizing alternative fuels. The research endeavors to contribute to the field of model-based control of engines through the development and implementation of innovative methodologies. The primary emphasis is on the development of diagnostic methods, control-oriented models and advanced control strategies for compression ignition engines using alternative fuels. The first key topic explores the determination of the Most Representative Cycle for Combustion Phasing Estimation based on cylinder pressure measurements. The method developed extracts crucial information from experimental data obtained from four distinct engines: the heavy-duty single-cylinder GCI engine, the light-duty multi-cylinder diesel engine, a CFR engine, and a single-cylinder light-duty Spark Ignition (SI) engine. This work lays the foundation for precise combustion phasing estimation, a critical parameter for engine control. The second major contribution involves the development of control-oriented models for Variable Geometry Turbochargers (VGT) and inter-coolers. Two models are established: a data-driven turbocharger model and an empirical inter-cooler model. These models are meticulously calibrated and validated using experimental data from a multi-cylinder light-duty diesel engine, providing valuable insights into the behavior of these components under varying conditions. The outcomes contribute to facilitate predictive control of engine air systems. The third core aspect of the thesis revolves around Model Predictive Control of Combustion Phasing in heavy-duty compression-ignition engines utilizing alternative fuels. A combustion phasing and engine load model is derived from experimental data and incorporated into an MPC framework. The MPC strategy is subsequently tested in the heavy-duty GCI test cell and compared against a conventional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control strategy. The results showcase the effectiveness of the MPC approach in achieving precise control of combustion phasing, demonstrating its potential for optimizing engine performance. In summary, this Ph.D. thesis contributes significantly to the field of engine controls by advancing diagnostic techniques, control-oriented models, and implementing a cutting-edge MPC-based control strategy for compression ignition engines using alternative fuels. The research findings not only enhance the understanding of in-cylinder processes but also pave the way for more efficient and sustainable heavy-duty engines using alternative fuels.
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Title: Co-design Framework for Design and Optimization of Switched Reluctance Motors
Creator: Zhang, Ziyan
Date: 2024
Description: This thesis developed a co-design optimization framework for Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM) where geometric and control parameters are...
Show moreThis thesis developed a co-design optimization framework for Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM) where geometric and control parameters are jointly optimized to improve the overall performance of the motor. This algorithm aims to increase the average torque, decrease the ripple of the torque profile, and enhance operating efficiency as well as acoustic noise. This co-design methodology allows the motor electromagnetic design to be combined with the control strategy and presents a solution for multi-physics optimization. A magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) based approach is proposed to analyze the electromagnetic characteristics which greatly improves the accuracy over conventional MEC for arbitrary geometries. The natural frequencies of the stator system are identified using a system approach, which is suitable for motors with complex frames. The vibration response and acoustic noise prediction are analyzed and evaluated by the analytical approach. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, case studies were performed that compare optimized SRM designs obtained from their framework to those designed traditionally. Experimental validation is performed to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed approach.
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Title: WIDESPAN: Masters Project
Creator: Ninan, Janice
Date: 2011-05, 2010-12
Description: Widespan design.Investigating the integration of windmills into longspan structure and investigating the axial forces of tension to span...
Show moreWidespan design.Investigating the integration of windmills into longspan structure and investigating the axial forces of tension to span grater spans using virtual depth concepts with slender lightweight design.
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Title: Avoidatrak (Summer 2003) IPRO 351: Avoidatrack IPRO351 Summer2003 Final Presentation
Date: 2003, 2003-07
Description: A Fall 2002 EnPRO Team created a demonstration version of a computer game that puts you in control of a wheelchair. They also explored some of...
Show moreA Fall 2002 EnPRO Team created a demonstration version of a computer game that puts you in control of a wheelchair. They also explored some of the business issues associated with this game concept. The aim of this game will be to help hone wheelchair-maneuvering skills for training and entertaining. With the simulation of such wheelchair activities as racing, basketball and other recreational activities, Avoidatrak will be a challenging and entertaining game for all.The National Easter Seal Society, the YMCA, special education teachers and others are interested in the results of this project. The idea is to eventually develop a combination computer game and training tool to meet the needs of children and others with disabilities that is based on a concept of collision avoidance conceived by Mr. Julius Jones, Jr., a Chicago independent inventor. This concept responds to the need for a simulation that helps children become familiar with how to use a wheelchair as well as offers an entertainment experience for those confined to wheelchairs or their friends.
Sponsorship: IIT Collaboratory for Interprofessional Studies and the Ed Kaplan Entrepreneurial Studies Program
Project Plan for IPRO 351: Avoidatrak for the Summer2003 semester
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Title: Adoption and Implementation of Diabetes Electronic Support Center at Mount Sinai Hospital, Summer 2011, IPRO 345
Creator: Kos, Carolyn, Valio, Nicole, Michael, Hazel, Chinzorig, Unubold, Johnson, Kendra
Date: 2011-06-17, 2011-07
Description: The purpose of IPRO 345 is to improve and mobilize the data and remote health care system for Mount Sinai Hospital. Specifically, this project...
Show moreThe purpose of IPRO 345 is to improve and mobilize the data and remote health care system for Mount Sinai Hospital. Specifically, this project aims to create a data support to aid diabetic patients within 500 meters of the hospital in order to decrease cost of operation and time and increase the quality of care. We will develop the groundwork for future IPRO 345 teams that will eventually implement the new data collection program.
Sponsorship: SolarWindUSA
Design+Prototype+Test an Integrated Roof-Top Photovoltaic Solar System Design, Summer 2011, IPRO 345
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Title: Adoption and Implementation of Diabetes Electronic Support Center at Mount Sinai Hospital, Summer 2011, IPRO 345: Poster
Creator: Kos, Carolyn, Valio, Nicole, Michael, Hazel, Chinzorig, Unubold, Johnson, Kendra
Date: 2011-06-17, 2011-07
Description: The purpose of IPRO 345 is to improve and mobilize the data and remote health care system for Mount Sinai Hospital. Specifically, this project...
Show moreThe purpose of IPRO 345 is to improve and mobilize the data and remote health care system for Mount Sinai Hospital. Specifically, this project aims to create a data support to aid diabetic patients within 500 meters of the hospital in order to decrease cost of operation and time and increase the quality of care. We will develop the groundwork for future IPRO 345 teams that will eventually implement the new data collection program.
Sponsorship: SolarWindUSA
Design+Prototype+Test an Integrated Roof-Top Photovoltaic Solar System Design, Summer 2011, IPRO 345
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Title: Developing a Conference of Human Consciousness (Fall 2001) IPRO 315
Creator: Baste, Suhad, Curtis, Chris, Powers, Gina, Weiss, Doug, Chang, Robert, Daschbach, Patti, Twenter, Barry
Date: 2001, 2001-12
Description: The team will organize and conduct a conference to address the question of what is the status of our knowledge about human consciousness. This...
Show moreThe team will organize and conduct a conference to address the question of what is the status of our knowledge about human consciousness. This will provide interested students an opportunity to develop and apply project management skills, and develop many contacts in various professional areas in academia, government agencies, professional societies and professional services firms, social services organizations, and a range of associated health fields. The question of human consciousness has philosophical, psychological, and neurobiological dimensions. The 90�s were the decade of the brain. The genome project has focused attention on the evolution of the brain especially with the emergence of the discipline of evolutionary psychology. A conference (following the format of the previous one-day conference we organized and conducted on November 7, 1998, The Ganges River Pollution Problem) will display the several dimensions of the question via presentations by experts representing the range of complementary issues and areas of study associated with the topic of human consciousness. Self-awareness is a source of wonder and curiosity for all humans. A conference with this focus will give all of us that comprise the IIT community an opportunity to explore with, and gain insight from, experts in each of the relevant fields of knowledge to advance our own levels of understanding about this fascinating phenomenon.
Sponsorship: IIT Collaboratory for Interprofessional Studies
Project Plan for IPRO 315: Developing a Conference of Human Consciousness for the Fall 2001 semester
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Title: Legal Aspects Website (Spring 2002) IPRO 380
Date: 2002, 2002-05
Description: Students will research, design, and build a web site to be hosted in the Ukraine at our partner university. The site is designed to teach...
Show moreStudents will research, design, and build a web site to be hosted in the Ukraine at our partner university. The site is designed to teach viewers about important legal issues relating to e-commerce both internationally and in Ukraine. Our objective is to create the leading legal portal addressing e-commerce in Ukraine. The site should also include tutorials on practical issues such as what steps to take to seek intellectual property protection for one's inventions.
Sponsorship: U.S. Government
Project plan for IPRO 380: Legal Aspects Website for the Spring 2002 semester
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Title: Detection of Ionizing Radiation (Spring 2003) IPRO 313
Creator: Sumner, Jesse, Meyers, Chris, Huh, Kiyoung, Choi, Soon Gang, Jon, Caranto, Albanese, Justin
Date: 2003, 2003-05
Description: Detection of ionizing radiation (X and gamma rays, proton and electron beams, etc.) has become an important technique in fields as diverse as...
Show moreDetection of ionizing radiation (X and gamma rays, proton and electron beams, etc.) has become an important technique in fields as diverse as medical imaging (CAT and PET scans), biology, chemistry, materials research, nuclear safety, particle physics, and industrial radiography. The IPRO team will research various detection techniques and construct and operate example detectors. The subject matter will include principles of radiation detection as well as associated electronics and real-time computer monitoring and control.
Sponsorship: IIT Collaboratory for Interprofessional Studies
Project Plan for IPRO 313: Detection of Ionizing Radiation for the Spring 2003 semester
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Title: HIGH RISE BUILDING: perspective 1
Creator: Sun, Yanfang
Date: 2012-05-08, 2012-05
Description: MIXED USE HIGH RISE BUILDING DESIGN COMBINING WIND TURBINE, IN ORDER TO FIND A SUSTAINABLE WAY TO USING CLEAN ENERGY

Title: HIGH RISE BUILDING: section
Creator: Sun, Yanfang
Date: 2012-05-08, 2012-05
Description: MIXED USE HIGH RISE BUILDING DESIGN COMBINING WIND TURBINE, IN ORDER TO FIND A SUSTAINABLE WAY TO USING CLEAN ENERGY

Title: HIGH RISE BUILDING: tube detail 1
Creator: Sun, Yanfang
Date: 2012-05-08, 2012-05
Description: MIXED USE HIGH RISE BUILDING DESIGN COMBINING WIND TURBINE, IN ORDER TO FIND A SUSTAINABLE WAY TO USING CLEAN ENERGY

Title: HIGH RISE BUILDING: tube detail 2
Creator: Sun, Yanfang
Date: 2012-05-08, 2012-05
Description: MIXED USE HIGH RISE BUILDING DESIGN COMBINING WIND TURBINE, IN ORDER TO FIND A SUSTAINABLE WAY TO USING CLEAN ENERGY

Title: HIGH RISE BUILDING: turbine detail view
Creator: Sun, Yanfang
Date: 2012-05-08, 2012-05
Description: MIXED USE HIGH RISE BUILDING DESIGN COMBINING WIND TURBINE, IN ORDER TO FIND A SUSTAINABLE WAY TO USING CLEAN ENERGY

Title: HIGH RISE BUILDING: turbine whole view
Creator: Sun, Yanfang
Date: 2012-05-08, 2012-05
Description: MIXED USE HIGH RISE BUILDING DESIGN COMBINING WIND TURBINE, IN ORDER TO FIND A SUSTAINABLE WAY TO USING CLEAN ENERGY

Title: Improved Life Cycle Performance for Construction of Big Box Retail
Creator: Pidgeon, Amanda
Date: 2012-05-02, 2012-05
Description: This project compares multiple construction materials and assemblies in order to find options which will improve the life cycle performance of...
Show moreThis project compares multiple construction materials and assemblies in order to find options which will improve the life cycle performance of retail big box structures, using Walmart Supercenters as a specific case study. It utilizes the Athena EcoCalculator to accomplish this task.
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