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Title: Production of vegetable casein
Creator: Hankan, William M., Friedman, Edwards I.
Date: 2009, 1917
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/productionofvege00hank
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology; Bibliography: leaves 47-48

Title: Production of picric acid from monochlorbenzol
Creator: Fitzner, Arthur G, Wollaston, Walter
Date: 2009, 1917
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/productionofpicr00fitz
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology; Bibliography: leaf 40

Title: The production of salol from phenol
Creator: Burda, John L., Richards, Harris B.
Date: 2009, 1917
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/productionofsalo00burd
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology; Bibliography: leaf 36

Title: The production of metol
Creator: Smith, A. H., Hailey, O. L., Jr.
Date: 2009, 1917
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/productionofmeto00smit
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology

Title: Reduction of ortho-nitro-benzoic acid to anthranilic acid
Creator: Pfafflin, E. W., Winter, E. F.
Date: 2009, 1921
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/reductionofortho00pfaf
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology; Bibliography: leaf 36

Title: The recovery of wax and other by products from bagasse
Creator: Mcmullen, Earle Watson
Date: 2009, 1913
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/recoveryofwaxoth00mcmu
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology

Title: KINETIC STUDY OF BOTRYOCOCCUS BRAUNII AND BACTERIAL STRAIN MASS PRODUCTION
Creator: Ghodsi, Seyed Mohammadreza
Date: 2014, 2014-07
Description: The increase on petroleum-based fuel demand, lack of sufficient petroleum resources, reaching hazardous limits of green house gases and the...
Show moreThe increase on petroleum-based fuel demand, lack of sufficient petroleum resources, reaching hazardous limits of green house gases and the need for energy security are motivating the development of an alternate fuel besides conventional gas. Bio-diesel, as a potential replacement to petrol, is technically feasible, environmentally friendly, produced locally and provides low gallon per Btu. Biodiesel obtained from microalgae is a form of fuel being used recently which gives the opportunity to obtain energy in environmental friendly and sustainable manner without competing on human’s food as biofuel feedstock; growing microalgae and turning it to biodiesel is not cost effecttive yet though. In order to minimize the cost of microalgae production, each step of algal growth should be studied and optimized. The separation of algae cells from their aquatic medium, known as harvesting, is the most challenging and energy consuming step of growth cycle. Different studies have shown more than 30% of algal production energy consumption is dedicated to the harvesting phase. Small size of algae cells, low concentration, small density difference between algae and medium and ionic charge of medium makes it impossible to sediment algae cells by gravity or coagulation. An effective method to separate algae from its medium could be bio-flocculation. In this research Botryococcus Braunii microalgae has been co-cultured with a bacterial flocculant to form clumps of easy-harvesting biomass. The growth kinetics of this novel feedstock has been studied for the very first time, based on literature, and its optimum growth conditions have been derived.
M.S. in Chemical Engineering, July 2014
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Title: Separation of mixed potassium salts
Creator: Luckow, E. R.
Date: 2009, 1919
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/separationofmixe00luck
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology

Title: Observations on chrome magnet steel
Creator: Wight, R. A
Date: 2009, 1918
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/observationsonch00wigh
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology, 1918 B.S. in Chemical Engineering, 1918

Title: Oxidation of O-Nitrotoluene to O-Nitrobenzoic acid
Creator: Eagle, William S., Jr, Klemm, Henry F.
Date: 2009, 1920
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/oxidationofonitr00eagl
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology; Includes bibliographical references (leaf...
Show morehttp://www.archive.org/details/oxidationofonitr00eagl
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology; Includes bibliographical references (leaf 49) and index
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Title: Oil fires in Oklahoma and Texas
Creator: James, Garret Bell
Date: 2009, 1915
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/oilfiresinoklaho00jame
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology, 1915; Bibliography: leaf 74

Title: DRUG UPTAKE AND RELEASE BY STIMULI RESPONSIVE CYLINDRICAL AND SPHERICAL GELS
Creator: Ninawe, Pravin Ramkrishna
Date: 2011-08, 2011-07
Description: ABSTRACT Polymeric gels that undergo deformation upon appropriate changes in pH or temperature have considerable promise as drug delivery...
Show moreABSTRACT Polymeric gels that undergo deformation upon appropriate changes in pH or temperature have considerable promise as drug delivery vehicles. Uptake of drug macromolecules into swelling and non-swelling cylindrical and spherical gels and release of drug macromolecules from deswelling and non-deforming gels into a target fluid are investigated here. A mathematical model for gel-solution composite, a composite of a distributed parameter system (gel spheres or cylinders) and a lumped parameter system (surrounding solution), is developed. The polymer network displacement in swelling/deswelling gels is described by a stress diffusion coupling model. The analytical solution for network displacement is used to predict solvent intake by swelling gels, solvent efflux from deswelling gels, and changes in pressure, porosity and effective drug diffusivity resulting from network displacement. These in turn influence drug uptake during and after gel swelling and drug release from gel during and after gel deswelling. Numerical results illustrate benefits of gel swelling for drug loading and merits of different modes of drug release. Also, the attempt is made to analyze he effect of gel mesh size on the loading and release of large molecular weight drugs. Comparisons are made, as concerns drug uptake and drug release, with gels not subject to deformation. As a special case of application of the above developed model, we tried to simulate drug delivery to the human eye. Since, the therapeutic modalities for posterioreye diseases involve mostly interventions through the anterior eye, which are difficult for physicians and patients alike, sustained drug delivery to the posterior eye is gaining importance. A study for sustained delivery of an anti-VEGF agent (IgG) to the posterior eye from an implant, made of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (NIPAM) and placed episclerally, is presented. The model developed in the study is used to simulate the phase transition of the implant made of a thermo-sensitive polymer. The study xvii utilizes compartments for various eye tissues, with individual compartments considered to be completely mixed and drug transport between compartments occurring by one-dimensional diffusion. Further implementation of this model to predict drug concentrations in the eye tissues to arrive at optimum drug loading conditions is also presented here.
Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering, July 2011
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Title: INVESTIGATION OF OXIDATIVE DEGRADATION AND DEGRADATION MITIGATION IN POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELLS USING IN-SITU FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY
Creator: Prabhakaran, Venkateshkumar
Date: 2014, 2014-05
Description: Hydrogen/air polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) possess high efficiency and modularity. However, significant technical advances are...
Show moreHydrogen/air polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) possess high efficiency and modularity. However, significant technical advances are required to facilitate their commercialization in targeted applications. A key issue is component durability under an array of adverse operating conditions. The polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) in a PEFC is one of the components whose long-term durability is of concern since it undergoes mechanical, thermal, and chemical degradation during fuel cell operation. The chemical (oxidative) degradation processes that take place in a PEM are attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated in-situ during PEFC operation. It is essential to quantify the rate of ROS generation within the PEM during PEFC operation prior to proposing an effective degradation mitigation strategy. This is a daunting challenge, given the high reactivity and very short lifetime of these species. The rate of generation of ROS within the PEM of an operating PEFC was accurately measured, for the very first time, using in-situ fluorescence spectroscopy. The influence of fuel cell operating parameters (temperature, relative humidity, and electrode potential/current density) on the rate of ROS generation was studied. The ROS generation reaction rate constant (estimated from the in-situ fluorescence experiments) correlated perfectly with the macroscopic rate of PEM degradation (estimated from the ex-situ fluoride emission rate) across all conditions, demonstrating unequivocally for the first time that a direct correlation existed between in-situ ROS generation and PEM macroscopic degradation. The utility of using regenerative free radical scavengers (FRS) such as CeO2 nanoparticles to mitigate ROS induced PEM degradation was also demonstrated using xxii xxii in-situ fluorescence spectroscopy. Though CeO2 was shown to scavenge the generated ROS, its scavenging efficacy declined with time and hence it was not truly a regenerative scavenger. The FRS efficacy was found to scale with the number of surface oxygen vacancies in its non-stoichiometric lattice. The regenerative FRS activity of CeO2 nanoparticles was improved by tuning its lattice via nitrogen doping (N-doping). It was demonstrated that N-doping increased both the number of Ce3+ active clusters in the lattice and the Ce-O bond distance; these structural attributes enhanced the regenerative ROS scavenging activity of CeO2. In addition, the influence of catalyst support on PEM degradation during PEFC operation was studied. A novel and highly corrosion-resistant non-carbon catalyst support (RuO2-SiO2; RSO) developed by our group was compared against a benchmark carbonbased catalyst support (Vulcan XC 72; C). It was found that the ROS generation rate, and hence the macroscopic PEM degradation rate, was lower when RSO was used as the electrocatalyst support in place of C. In conjunction with its remarkable corrosionresistance, this finding further illustrated the viability of RSO as an outstanding PEFC electrocatalyst support. Apart from PEM degradation, the applications of fluorescence spectroscopy in the context of other electrochemical devices was also discussed. Proofof- concept studies to study the Pt dissolution rate (in PEFC electrodes) and vanadium crossover rate (in vanadium redox flow batteries) were successfully undertaken; these areas, along with probing degradation processes secondary batteries, would be rich grounds for future study.
PH.D in Chemical Engineering, May 2014
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Title: INVESTIGATION OF ANISOTROPIC THERMAL TRANSPORT IN CROSS-LINKED POLYMERS
Creator: Simavilla, David Nieto
Date: 2014, 2014-07
Description: Thermal transport in lightly cross-linked polyisoprene and polybutadine subjected to uniaxial elongation is investigated experimentally. We...
Show moreThermal transport in lightly cross-linked polyisoprene and polybutadine subjected to uniaxial elongation is investigated experimentally. We employ two experimental techniques to assess the e↵ect that deformation has on this class of materials. The first technique, which is based on Forced Rayleigh Scattering (FRS), allows us to measure the two independent components of the thermal di↵usivity tensor as a function of deformation. These measurements along with independent measurements of the tensile stress and birefringence are used to evaluate the stress-thermal and stress-optic rules. The stress-thermal rule is found to be valid for the entire range of elongations applied. In contrast, the stress-optic rule fails for moderate to large stretch ratios. This suggests that the degree of anisotropy in thermal conductivity depends on both orientation and tension in polymer chain segments. The second technique, which is based on infrared thermography (IRT), allows us to measure anisotropy in thermal conductivity and strain induced changes in heat capacity. We validate this method measurements of anisotropic thermal conductivity by comparing them with those obtained using FRS. We find excellent agreement between the two techniques. Uncertainty in the infrared thermography method measurements is estimated to be about 2-5 %. The accuracy of the method and its potential application to non-transparent materials makes it a good alternative to extend current research on anisotropic thermal transport in polymeric materials. A second IRT application allows us to investigate the dependence of heat capacity on deformation. We find that heat capacity increases with stretch ratio in polyisoprene specimens under uniaxial extension. The deviation from the equilibrium value of heat capacity is consistent with an independent set of experiments comparing anisotropy in thermal di↵usivity and conductivity employing FRS and IRT techniques. We identify finite extensibility and strain-induced crystallization as the possible causes explaining our observations and evaluate their contribution making use of classical rubber elasticity results. Finally, we study of the role of evaporation-induced thermal e↵ects in the wellknow phenomena of the tears of wine. We develop a transport model and support its predictions by experimentally measuring the temperature gradient present in wine and cognac films using IRT. Our results demonstrate that the Marangoni flow responsible for wine tears results from both composition and temperature gradients, whose relative contribution strongly depends on the thermodynamic properties of ethanol-water mixtures. The methods developed here can be used to obtain a deeper understanding of Marangoni flows, which are ubiquitous in nature and modern technology.
Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering, July 2014
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Title: DEVELOPMENT OF A MODIFIED LUBRICATED SQUEEZING FLOW TECHNIQUE FOR GENERATING EQUIBIAXIAL ELONGATIONAL FLOWS IN POLYMER MELTS
Creator: Kashyap, Teresita
Date: 2011-04-19, 2011-05
Description: Techniques for measuring the equibiaxial extensional properties of materials are rather scarce, in part due to the difficulty to generate...
Show moreTechniques for measuring the equibiaxial extensional properties of materials are rather scarce, in part due to the difficulty to generate homogeneous flow. The two more acknowledged techniques are rotating clamps and lubricated squeezing flow (LSF). The rotating clamps technique employs the MultiAxiale Dehnung (MAD) rheometer, and data from this method are considered to be the most reliable for equibiaxial extensional flow. Unfortunately, the MAD device does not further exist. The LSF technique, where a sample is deformed by compression between parallel lubricated plates, fails at small deformations due to loss of lubrication. The objectives of this study were to develop a novel experimental technique called continuous lubricated squeezing flow (CLSF), and to study the rheological behavior of polymer melts and other viscous fluids in equibiaxial elongational deformations. The parameters that may affect results from the LSF technique were examined for constant strain rate and step-strain flows. The performance of the LSF method was evaluated in constant strain-rate deformations by direct comparisons of viscosity data from the MAD device. The CLSF technique was developed and validated, also in constant strain-rate deformations, by direct comparison of rheological data from the MAD rheometer. The CLSF technique was used to investigate the equibiaxial extensional flow behavior of monodisperse polystyrene melts. The relaxation modulus for a linear and a branched polymer melt was measured by LSF technique, and time-strain factorability was analyzed. Damping functions were calculated and compared with the tube, slip-link and pom-pom models. The results from this study showed that transient viscosity data from LSF technique are higher than those from the MAD device, and are independent of the polymer and experimental conditions. The behavior exhibited by the LSF data could easily be mistaken for the phenomenon of strain hardening. The new CLSF technique resolved the lubricant thinning problem in LSF. The measured viscosity from CLSF was in excellent agreement with the MAD data, thus, meaningful equibiaxial elongational flow information could be obtained by CLSF technique. The equibiaxial behavior of monodisperse polystyrene melts was linear. The LSF method could successfully be used for step-strain deformations. Time-strain factorability of the relaxation modulus was observed for a linear and a branched melt. Damping function data for the linear polymer showed good agreement with the tube and slip-link models. The relaxation modulus and the damping function of the branched polymer showed significant differences from the pom-pom model predictions.
Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering, May 2011
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Title: INVESTIGATION OF THE OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION AT THE LITHIUM-OXYGEN CELL CATHODE
Creator: Sankarasubramanian, Shrihari
Date: 2016, 2016-12
Description: Development of Li-O2 cells, which could possibly provide ~3 times the capacity of conventional Li-ion cells, depends on a fundamental...
Show moreDevelopment of Li-O2 cells, which could possibly provide ~3 times the capacity of conventional Li-ion cells, depends on a fundamental understanding the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode. This abstract summarizes the application of ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations and electrochemical measurements in conjunction with kinetic modeling to elucidate the mechanism of the ORR in the Li-O2 cell. First principles, density functional theory (DFT) modeling of the ORR on noble metal (Pt, Au, Pd), Pt3M (M=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) and Pd3M (M=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) alloy surfaces, was carried out. Periodic models of close-packed (111) surfaces were constructed, their geometry was optimized and the most stable geometric surface configuration was identified. The correlation between the intermediate species binding energy and the favored reaction pathway from amongst 1e-, 2e-, and 4e- mechanisms was studied by calculating the binding energies of a 1/4 monolayer of O, O2, LiO, LiO2, Li2O2, and Li2O on various sites and orientations. The reaction free energies (ΔGrxn) were calculated and used to compute the catalytic activity of the surfaces using molecular kinetics theory. Plots of the catalytic activity vs. Oxygen binding energy (EBinding (O)) showed a typical “volcano” profile. The insights gained from this study can be used to guide the choice of cathode catalysts in Li-O2 cells. The mechanism and kinetics of the ORR was investigated in 0.1M LiTFSI/DME on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode in an oxygen saturated solution of 0.1M Lithium bis-trifluoromethanesulfonimidate (LiTFSI) in Dimethoxyethane (DME) using cyclic voltammetery (CV) and the rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) technique. A comprehensive reaction scheme considering disproportionation both on the cathode surface and the electrolyte bulk to form Li2O2 was proposed and the data from the RRDE measurements was used along with an electrochemical kinetics model to evaluate the corresponding rate constants. The surface disproportionation reaction was found to dominate the kinetics of the ORR and the model was found to be able to explain experimental observations regarding the cell discharge products. Further, the widely reported anomalous Tafel behavior was observed over the course of these studies. Highly accurate, potentiostatic, point-by-point measurements of the kinetic current were carried out and a scan rate independent evaluation of the corresponding transfer coefficient from a calculated, dimensionless CV was made. The measured transfer coefficient was explained invoking the Marcus-Hush-Levich quadratic model rather than the linearized Butler-Volmer empirical law. Thus, these studies provides a comprehensive account of the ORR mechanism, direct evidence of the surface disproportionation reaction being dominant and explain the widely reported (and previously unexplained) anomalous Tafel behavior in Li-O2 cells.
Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering, December 2016
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Title: CONTROLLED ARCHITECTURE OF HYDROGELS TO ALLOW VASCULARIZATION
Creator: Somo, Sami I.
Date: 2014, 2014-05
Description: Vascularization within biomaterial scaffolds is essential for engineered tissues. A sintering method is investigated in which spherical 106...
Show moreVascularization within biomaterial scaffolds is essential for engineered tissues. A sintering method is investigated in which spherical 106-125 micron poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microspheres are used to create porous poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate) (PEGDA) hydrogels with varying interconnectivity for vascularized tissue invasion. The sintering method resulting in interconnectivity levels that increased with sintering time and temperature. Mechanical testing on hydrogels showed increasing interconnectivity of hydrogels decreases the elastic modulus. A rodent subcutaneous model was used to evaluate influence of hydrogel interconnectivity on in vivo response at 3 and 6 weeks. There was significant difference in tissue invasion between the groups at the two different time points. At week 3, higher interconnectivity hydrogels had twice as much invasion depth compared with the lower interconnectivity. The higher interconnectivity hydrogels had complete vascularization at 3 weeks. In conclusion, a technique for preparation of porous hydrogels with controlled pore interconnectivity has been developed and evaluated. This method has been used to show that higher interconnectivity enables deeper vascularized tissue ingrowth and thus holds great potential for tissue engineering applications.
M.S. in Chemical Engineering, May 2014
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Title: MODELING, ANALYSIS AND CONTROL OF COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS
Creator: Ozturk, Mustafa Cagdas
Date: 2015, 2015-07
Description: A comprehensive approach to the incorporation of adaptive behavior into complex systems is provided through attentive combination of a wide...
Show moreA comprehensive approach to the incorporation of adaptive behavior into complex systems is provided through attentive combination of a wide variety of methods from di↵erent fields. Two examples of complex systems were subjected to this approach, which involves modeling, analysis and control of the processes. The first system of interest is an autocatalytic reactor with multiple resources and multiple species. A continuous stirred-tank reactor model was developed, and subsequently analyzed using bifurcation analyses. The multiplicity character of the system was investigated, and emergent features, such as stable coexistence of autocatalysts, were discovered. Next, an agent-based control system was implemented on the process model using finite-state machines with simple rules as local control elements. The control system is capable of transitioning the process between the numerous steady states evidenced by the bifurcation analysis, as well as exploring the state space for a feasible steady state, given arbitrary set points for the autocatalysts. Eventually, Equation-Free coarse graining methods were applied to this model to investigate the local stability of the agent-controlled system. It was shown that this approach indeed was able predict the correct stability behavior for a given steady state, using only input-output information from short simulations with the closed-loop system. The second system considered was the activated sludge process, which was modeled based on data from an existing wastewater treatment plant. This realistic and complex model was then subjected to in-depth bifurcation analyses using various model parameters. The bifurcation analyses revealed many interesting phenomena about the process, including steady state multiplicity and conditional stability. In addition, potential risks of operation under certain conditions, such as the loss of biomass, were outlined. Furthermore, the aeration requirement of the process was investigated and the possibility for 55% savings in aeration with the same e✏uent quality was illustrated. Finally, in order to enhance the potential of savings in aeration, an agentbased control system was implemented on the activated sludge process. This control system optimized the local airflow rates in real time, and provided a decrease of up to 65% in the aeration rate. In addition, the process was shown to endure severe storm events and aeration failures thanks to the adaptive features of the agent-based control system.
Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering, July 2015
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Title: Pasteurization of milk by the use of ozone
Creator: Carnahan, G. C., Decelle, O. A.
Date: 2009, 1914
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/pasteurizationof00carn
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology; Bibliography: leaf 38

Title: The preparation of zinc nitride and its alloy with zinc
Creator: Bentley, Walter J, Stern, Paul L
Date: 2009, 1920
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/preparationofzin00bent
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology, 1920 Bibliography: leaves 81-85 B.S. in...
Show morehttp://www.archive.org/details/preparationofzin00bent
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology, 1920 Bibliography: leaves 81-85 B.S. in Chemical Engineering, 1920
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