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Title: Uptown Theater District painting, 1997
Creator: Gordon, Robert Philip
Date: 1997-03
Description: Watercolor painting completed as part of a proposal for the renovation of the Uptown Theatre and development of the Uptown theater district in...
Show moreWatercolor painting completed as part of a proposal for the renovation of the Uptown Theatre and development of the Uptown theater district in the Uptown neighborhood of Chicago.
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Collection: Robert Philip Gordon papers, 1963-2010

Title: San Bar Beach - Cottage
Creator: Gordon, Robert Philip
Date: 1980
Description: Watercolor painting of a cottage in the San Bar Beach community of South Haven, Michigan. Date listed is approximate.
Collection: Robert Philip Gordon papers, 1963-2010

Title: Drawing on Darwinism: Rewriting the Origin of Louis Sullivan's Idea
Creator: Frey, Syan
Date: 2021
Description: To observe that the unique architectural ornaments that make up the body of work of Louis Henri Sullivan (1856-1924) emulate nature is to...
Show moreTo observe that the unique architectural ornaments that make up the body of work of Louis Henri Sullivan (1856-1924) emulate nature is to state a reality so obvious that it is both pedantic and droll. To use the double entendre that those natural forms drew on Darwinism, however, is to make several more specific claims. First, it can be credibly established that the system of architectural ornament that was the primary contribution of Louis Sullivan to the discipline of architecture was directly inspired by Sullivan’s synthesis of the thesis of natural selection contained within the pages of Asa Gray’s botanical manual. Second, the circumstances of that moment of synthesis reveal that the reason for Sullivan’s Darwinism was not merely the desire to emulate nature, but rather to signify the end of faith. Finally, Sullivan’s synthesis of various Darwinisms drew not only on the thesis for his own artistic inspiration, he drew on the substance of Darwin’s arguments to formulate a secular theory of the nature of inspiration and the technique of design. In the years following, this theory has become the primary technique by which design is taught.Louis’ unique education, which was tied to Darwinism from the very beginning, gave him an unusual perspective on the challenges of architectural design in the industrial age. The economic circumstances of his life as a first-generation immigrant exposed him to just the right education to lead him to explore evolutionary science as the inspiration for design. To be clear, the content of the thesis of natural selection was entirely irrelevant to the theory and practice of architecture in the nineteenth century. Yet by the end of the century the broad consensus among architects, historians, and theorists alike was that there was a, “close and causal relationship,” between Darwinism and modern architecture. Sullivan’s theory drew on Darwinian ideas to dismiss theological styles as empty formalisms, reveal the racism of ethnographic accounts for architectural forms, and argue for the evolution of an American Architecture, liberated from its colonialist origins. The context within which that shift occurred is significant. The justification for nearly every work of architecture in human history prior to the middle of the nineteenth century was some form of god. Mid-nineteenth century architecture in the United States was composed of a variety of regional ethnic styles intended to represent the ethnic origins, religious affiliations, moral inclinations, and nationalist allegiances of an array of displaced immigrant communities. The Civil War laid bare the reality that such ethnic styles represented a segregationist and racialized idea of the modern world. Over the course of the late nineteenth century, the profession of architecture was forced to abandon theological justifications for the practice of architecture as scientifically invalid, morally corrupt, and motivated by racism. This was Sullivan’s full idea: Put instinct before reason in priority, and engage in the iterative analysis of various instincts about the situation. Observe the patterns that emerge. Explore those instincts, until you find that your patterns merge with universal patterns. Do not fear error, as it makes the work alive. The capacity to capture that living essence is in all of us, individually and collectively, not some external force. The most-right instincts are ones in which the resulting form is a demonstration of its function. To understand what Sullivan meant with this we must see it as a Darwinian idea. Instinct is an animal property, a capacity which we share with other species. For Darwin, this sharing of instinct is essential for interspecies empathy. The antithesis of instinct is reason, which Sullivan describes as secondary. Reason is cold and lifeless, but also correct. True reason, Sullivan claims, is learned by experiment, and example. The greatest art speaks not just to our reason, but to our instinct. This, then is the task of the designer – to temper instinct with reasoned evaluation. Sullivan argues that it begins with an intuition, an idea he drew from Darwin’s Descent of Man.
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Title: 'Chinatown'...The Gateway...
Creator: Gordon, Robert Philip
Date: 1984-10
Description: Sketch of a public space and entry gate in Chicago's Chinatown neighborhood for Robert Gordon's City Facade Project (1984-1985).
Collection: Robert Philip Gordon papers, 1963-2010

Title: Icosahedron Guest House on Indiana Dunes, Exterior detail, ca. 1970s
Creator: Gordon, Robert Philip
Date: 1970-1979
Description: Exterior detail photograph of an Indiana Dunes guest house in the form of an icosahedron, comprised of prefabricated triangular panels. Date...
Show moreExterior detail photograph of an Indiana Dunes guest house in the form of an icosahedron, comprised of prefabricated triangular panels. Date of photograph unknown. Date range listed is approximate.
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Collection: Robert Philip Gordon papers, 1963-2010

Title: Icosahedron Guest House on Indiana Dunes, Interior, ca. 1970s
Creator: Gordon, Robert Philip
Date: 1970-1979
Description: Photograph of the interior of an Indiana Dunes guest house in the form of an icosahedron, comprised of prefabricated triangular panels. Date...
Show morePhotograph of the interior of an Indiana Dunes guest house in the form of an icosahedron, comprised of prefabricated triangular panels. Date of photograph unknown. Date range listed is approximate.
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Collection: Robert Philip Gordon papers, 1963-2010

Title: Icosahedron Guest House on Indiana Dunes, Exterior, ca. 1970s
Creator: Gordon, Robert Philip
Date: 1970-1979
Description: Photograph of the exterior of an Indiana Dunes guest house in the form of an icosahedron, comprised of prefabricated triangular panels. Date...
Show morePhotograph of the exterior of an Indiana Dunes guest house in the form of an icosahedron, comprised of prefabricated triangular panels. Date of photograph unknown. Date range listed is approximate.
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Collection: Robert Philip Gordon papers, 1963-2010

Title: Walton Carpets Interior, 1976
Creator: Gordon, Robert Philip
Date: 1976
Description: Photograph of the Walton Carpets showroom designed by Robert Gordon.
Collection: Robert Philip Gordon papers, 1963-2010

Title: Townhouse proposal, 1990
Creator: Gordon, Robert Philip
Date: 1990-08
Description: Hand-colored laser print.
Collection: Robert Philip Gordon papers, 1963-2010

Title: Townhouse proposal, 1990
Creator: Gordon, Robert Philip
Date: 1990-08
Description: Hand-colored laser print.
Collection: Robert Philip Gordon papers, 1963-2010

Title: Hyde Park Theater
Creator: Gordon, Robert Philip
Date: 1985-02
Description: Sketch for a proposed renovation of the Hyde Park Theater (built in 1913, designed by Horatio Wilson) for Robert Gordon's City Facade Project ...
Show moreSketch for a proposed renovation of the Hyde Park Theater (built in 1913, designed by Horatio Wilson) for Robert Gordon's City Facade Project (1984-1985). The completed renovation restored the facade and created a new overhang for the theater.
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Collection: Robert Philip Gordon papers, 1963-2010

Title: Icosahedron Guest House on Indiana Dunes, Exterior, ca. 1970s
Creator: Gordon, Robert Philip
Date: 1970-1979
Description: Photograph of the exterior of an Indiana Dunes guest house in the form of an icosahedron, comprised of prefabricated triangular panels. Date...
Show morePhotograph of the exterior of an Indiana Dunes guest house in the form of an icosahedron, comprised of prefabricated triangular panels. Date of photograph unknown. Date range listed is approximate.
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Collection: Robert Philip Gordon papers, 1963-2010

Title: Investigating The Impact of Tall Building Ordinances (TBOs) on the Evolution of Ultra-Tall Buildings Typology: Case Studies in Chicago and Dubai
Creator: Alkoud, Amjad
Date: 2023
Description: Zoning ordinances are instruments that tangibly and intangibly shape cities; control urban morphology, demography, and visual identity; and...
Show moreZoning ordinances are instruments that tangibly and intangibly shape cities; control urban morphology, demography, and visual identity; and determine the inhabitants' life quality, well-being, and comfort. Tall building ordinances (TBOs), in turn, control the vertical growth of cities and the development of tall buildings as distinctive actors in the built environment today. With the recent proliferation of developing Ultra-tall buildings in cities around the world, ordinances should offer flexibility, adaptability, and responsiveness to the dynamic nature of emerging needs and technological potentials.This dissertation investigates the emergence of Ultra-tall buildings as a new typology in major metropolises and the interaction between the building ordinances and the construction of Ultra-tall. The work presented in this dissertation implements two primary research methods: cross-sectional surveys and longitudinal studies, documenting supertall buildings completed in two major cities, Chicago and Dubai. The discussions and findings are supported by structured interviews with architects and engineers actively involved in designing and constructing Ultra-tall buildings. The cross-sectional survey comprises all supertall buildings (i.e., buildings above 1000 feet in height) completed as of 2022 in Chicago, the cradle of the "modern" high-rise with 318 towers of 100-plus meters and eight supertall towers of 300-plus meters; and Dubai, the new experimental land of supertall construction with 298 towers of 100-plus meters and 28 towers of 300-plus meters height. The longitudinal case studies provide additional information and knowledge about selected examples in Chicago and Dubai, derived from personal structured interviews conducted in both cities. Several additional survey cases from China, NYC, and London were investigated for their importance and uniqueness in supporting the research discussions and findings. This research aims to bridge the gap between the building ordinance literature and Ultra-tall building design practices on the one hand. On the other hand, it sheds light on the necessity to realize Ultra-tall buildings as a distinct typology entitled to its particular set of ordinances.The research findings are intended to help architects, engineers, policymakers, and planning authorities ensure a sustainable socioeconomic future and mitigate the negative impact of Ultra-tall constructions in major cities. This goal is assumed to be achieved by developing a set of recommendations, strategies, and universal criteria to implement a more flexible and responsive approach toward emerging human needs and technologies.
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Title: Cities on the Move: Envisioning Cityscape in the Autonomous Vehicle Era
Creator: Lee, Hyo Eun
Date: 2023
Description: As cities have developed in response to a rapidly changing environment since the industrial revolution, a variety of circumstances and issues...
Show moreAs cities have developed in response to a rapidly changing environment since the industrial revolution, a variety of circumstances and issues have arisen. In cities, technological development and the rise of private automobiles have been related to urban sprawl, traffic congestion, environmental degradation, and mobility inequalities. Currently, autonomous vehicles are bringing a paradigm shift in mobility as technological innovations accompany the fourth industrial revolution. As cities undergo renewal through new mobility, recent developments in driverless technologies should be considered for their long-term impact on the built environment. The purpose of this thesis is to propose a design, along with a set of scenarios, for a transportation hub in the era of autonomous vehicles to address today's complex mobility requirements. Through bringing together existing case studies, research on autonomous vehicles, and drawing conclusions regarding the relationship between mobility and urban landscapes, this thesis explores how autonomous vehicles will affect the future built environment in a set of timelines. Considering the future transportation hub will require programs and infrastructure to support autonomous vehicles, this thesis also provides a vision of the future of transportation modes and how they interact. Finally, a transportation hub design model and an automation city model for the AV era will be proposed.
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Title: Architecture as a Communicator of Values and Identity Spaces for Public Safety and Community Benefits
Creator: Waidele Arteaga, Nicolas
Date: 2022
Description: Urban segregation, violence, and crimes are linked to drug trafficking. El Castillo Social Factory is an urban strategy that aims to recover...
Show moreUrban segregation, violence, and crimes are linked to drug trafficking. El Castillo Social Factory is an urban strategy that aims to recover the El Castillo neighborhood and prevent drug trafficking from advancing, understanding that police action is necessary but insufficient.This neighborhood is located on the southern periphery of Santiago in a commune called La Pintana and aspires to make its neighborhoods “more livable, healthy, and economically viable.” This proposal explores how investing in civic commons can make these goals a reality. First, it is essential to increase the presence of the State, strengthening existing services and adding new ones, with a focus on the care of children and young people. The second is to recover vacant lots and public spaces in poor condition or deteriorated through an “urban acupuncture” strategy based on the construction of many small or medium-sized projects. Art and sports are fundamental, allowing us to protect children and young people and offer them horizons of recreation and hope. The public buildings, institutions, land, water bodies, and infrastructure inherited from earlier generations are ready for us to see anew—as a robust network of civic assets ready to be activated for the current needs, desires, and dreams of all the people who share and shape them. El Castillo Social Factory offers a fresh look at our community anchors and the vibrant hubs our public spaces can become when we invest in collective urban life. Its vision focuses on positive transformation at the architectural scale—where personal experience and aspirations meet broad, long-range planning efforts—to spark the imagination and spur us to work together toward realizing the abundant potential of what we hold in common.
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Title: Reconditioning Dharavi: A Toolkit of Strategies for Incremental Development
Creator: Bhogle, Saylee Deepak
Date: 2022
Description: The 2003 Global Report on Human Settlements (Un-Habitat, 2003) defines a "slum" as a densely populated metropolitan area that is distinguished...
Show moreThe 2003 Global Report on Human Settlements (Un-Habitat, 2003) defines a "slum" as a densely populated metropolitan area that is distinguished by a variety of low-income settlements, subpar housing, and squalor. Dharavi, on the other hand, is far more than a "slum." In the heart of Mumbai, Dharavi is an economically prosperous and socially active informal town. Mumbai is a thriving metropolis with many different realities and patterns, even though it appears to be a slum filled with squatters. However, the region has recently become a hub for informal settlements and urban problems associated with poor hygiene in developing countries. People’s misconceptions about Dharavi stem from a failure to recognize its social capital and economic power: the area encompasses a variety of economic networks, production types, income levels, land tenure arrangements, and religious activities and festivities. Dharavi is made up of 85 separate groups with a strong feeling of belonging and high expectations for stability and improved economic position and living standards. It is also clear that these folks are capable of building and enhancing their shelter if they have the resources to do so. To develop all these qualities, Dharavi's Social Capital must be recognized and promoted as an asset to the city of Mumbai. A community such as Dharavi requires ‘urban acupuncture’; where mediation of the littlest kind will have the greatest effect. Dharavi, like any other "Informal" city, requires rigorous examination to be fully comprehended. It is a unique location where a large flood of migrants has managed to build jobs and their city. My underlying attitude to this location is a conflicting desire to save and replace it. The desire to save is linked to the aesthetic of informality as well as the intense sociality, diversity, and production of the streets and lanes - a fascinating and diversified urban ensemble. The desire to eliminate stems from hopeless states of sterilization, ventilation, light, open space, and congested areas. As a result, a reliable strategy for combining the two methodologies and locating a functioning arrangement should be developed. The government has been trying to redevelop this area for the past 50 years but hasn’t been successful in doing so. In contrast to the existing redevelopment plan, which promotes uniform top-down development, my concept anticipates techniques for progressive self-development, including "bottom-up" finance models and architectural approaches. After identifying various patterns and carefully examining behavior patterns, production systems, and existing community facilities, a toolkit of methods can be built that can be used in various places and "outboxes." The simple homogeneity of solutions for Dharavi's changing conditions has been avoided. Dharavi's current identity and "mixed-use" paradigm have been respected, with Home recognized as an instrument of production. The proposed design has been tested for various environmental factors using different tools for natural lighting and ventilation. The outdoor areas are also analyzed for thermal comfort since a lot of social activities take place in these areas. Communal areas have been designed to accommodate micro infrastructure systems while also increasing productivity. As a result, a system of self-development triggers has been created that can improve present conditions while also supporting the community's need for stability. Simultaneously, by focusing on property ownership as an economic driver, the proposed approach can provide a type of "social mobility" for Dharavi's residents.
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Title: Efficiency of Carbon Fiber Composite Structural Systems for Tall Buildings: A Parametric Simulation Based Framework for Finite Element Analysis
Creator: Khairnar, Piyush Rajendra
Date: 2022
Description: The rate of global urban migration has increased drastically over the last century. With increasing population, the need for dense urban...
Show moreThe rate of global urban migration has increased drastically over the last century. With increasing population, the need for dense urban habitats is growing. Tall buildings are at the forefront of this growth and changing skyline of different cities around the globe is evident. The Structural system is an important and critical component of any tall building. Structural material can significantly impact the performance of a structural system as well as the way it is constructed. Carbon composite is known for its high strength and stiffness, also it is a lightweight structural material. Current industrial techniques allow for manufacturing of structural components made of carbon composite to be used in building structures. Carbon composite as a structural material shows potential to be used in tall buildings where strength and stiffness requirements are a key parameter.This research focuses on applications of Carbon Composite, also known as Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP), as a structural material for tall buildings. The research aims to study the properties of carbon composite as a structural material and to explore its application in the structural system for tall buildings. Mechanical properties of CFRP such as strength, stiffness, etc. are studied with available literature to assess the potential of the material to be used in the design of structural system for tall buildings. Manufacturing processes along with fabrication methods are also studied to investigate the constructability using CFRP. The research draws attention on the issues of connectivity within CFRP structural components as well as performance of CFRP as a structural material in tall building structural systems. Computer based simulations are utilized to develop digital models and analyze the performance of the material in structural systems of tall buildings. Current applications of the material in building and construction sector are addressed in the literature review. This research evaluates the performance of the structural systems for tall buildings using carbon composite as the primary structural material. Connection level simulations presented in this research provide insights on the significance of fiber orientation in the fabrication of structures. Other challenges in the widespread use of CFRP material in tall buildings are addressed in the research but focus of the research is on the structural applications of the material in tall buildings. The research provides information about the use of CFRP as a structural material in tall buildings. The results of this study offer significant insights about the issues of connectivity and constructability related to use of CFRP in tall buildings. This research also provides a parametric framework for architects and designers to evaluate and study the performance of a structural materials to be used in tall building structural systems using finite element analysis.
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Title: DESIGN FOR COMFORT: DESIGN BUILDING ENVELOPE TO IMPROVE THERMAL COMFORT FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN AL-MUKALA, YEMEN
Creator: Bakarmom, Aamena Mubarak Saeed
Date: 2021
Description: This thesis is about the research into the design of building envelopes to reduce energy consumption and moderate thermal performance of the...
Show moreThis thesis is about the research into the design of building envelopes to reduce energy consumption and moderate thermal performance of the residential buildings in Yemen, which is in an arid climate. A suitable building envelope is important because of the building occupants’ thermal comfort. The most important question is how architects could implement high-performance envelope technologies in their designs, especially in residential buildings. These technologies have some basic principles which are applied differently from one region to another. One of the most promising strategies applied to house envelopes in a hot-dry climate is the passive cooling design. This thesis reviews the results of other research in the same region that discuss proper parameters of building envelopes such as form, width, climate, walls, materials, and windows design. Passive cooling strategies will be the key to providing potential design building envelopes that provide thermal comfort and reduce energy use. This study applies the natural ventilation principle (single-sided, cross- or stack ventilation), thermal mass, and shaded devices. The research methods were to collect data and create quantitative models to analyze the data. From this analysis, I suggest specific architecture guidelines for design in residential buildings which could improve comfort in indoor spaces for occupants.
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Title: INFORMAL AREAS UPGRADING STRATEGIES: THE CASE OF ADEN CITY-YEMEN
Creator: Ba Tis, Ahmed Abdullah Obaid
Date: 2022
Description: Informal areas are global problems that pose a threat to the urban environment and their consequences prompted urgently to search for...
Show moreInformal areas are global problems that pose a threat to the urban environment and their consequences prompted urgently to search for solutions and methods to address these problems and limit their effects. This thesis examines the issue of informal areas in Yemen. Informal areas are houses built on illegal public or private real estate. In Yemen, these illegal areas began as a relatively new phenomenon and since then have grown at an extremely rapid rate. Increasing rates of urbanization, poverty, and unemployment have led to the rapid rise of slums and informal housing in Yemen. The UN-Habitat database of global urban indicators estimates that 60% of Yemen's urban population lives in informal settlements. The cities most affected by the rapid growth of informal settlements include Taiz, Al Hudaydah, Sana'a, and Aden. The Yemeni government has done little to address the growth of informal areas. However, there was growing concern about this issue, and governmental and non-state actors alike began to consider new approaches to urban policy development and implementation. The importance of the thesis is that it will limit the spread of slums in Aden in the future, and it will also be a good starting point for further research and studies on the issue of developing the problem of informal areas in Yemen. There are many ways to deal with the problem of informal areas, including demolition and resettlement, and development upgrading and each method differs according to the region’s conditions, whether the urban, social economic, location of the area. This study focuses on urban upgrading to clarify its concepts, types and strategies, because it has become one of the most appropriate ways to deal with informal areas and to reach a sustainable urban environment. The thesis aims to find solutions for informal areas in Yemen and limit their growth in the future by preparing a new strategy for dealing with informal areas, in light of the experiences of other countries, and in line with the reality of Yemen.
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Title: Habitat 2022+
Creator: Cho, San Lae Lae
Date: 2021
Description: Globalization and urbanization have led a vast group of population to shift from rural and suburban areas to urban centers. According to the...
Show moreGlobalization and urbanization have led a vast group of population to shift from rural and suburban areas to urban centers. According to the United Nation’s (UN) projection, around 2.5 billion more people will live in the cities by 2050. For cities to accommodate such a population, cities can grow horizontally or vertically. If cities were to grow horizontally, this population would need to commute majorly by car which has a very high carbon footprint. By building vertically, the population’s commute becomes more efficient if the vertical structure is built as such is a city within a city. Although having existed for 500 years, tall buildings and skyscrapers have been topics of controversy for their excessive use of resources, ignoring environmental and contextual problems. In order to mitigate this sustainability issue, mass timber as a construction material has been recently introduced into the American market. Mass timber is the building material for a carbon neutral future according to Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitats (CTBUH). Another means is to grow plants around the buildings meaning they are regrowing greenery back into nature with the hopes to take a step towards mitigating climate change. In addition, with the argument of tall buildings lacking neighborhood-like qualities that for instance, a Chicago block of housing may give, more and more tall buildings around the world have tried to implement the lush spaces onto the building perimeters. These spaces with plants and trees mimicking nature can exist as both indoor and outdoor spaces. While neighborhoods have parks, these spaces or sky gardens will substitute as modified parks for skyscrapers.With psychological benefits tied to spaces linked to nature in high-rises, such spaces should be integrated in all high rise, residential buildings. Today, in addition to Covid pandemic, many people practice working from home. Meanwhile, it is human nature since birth to want to be surrounded by plants and nature, either spending time under a tree or lying on the grass. To mitigate spending excessive amounts of hours indoors, spaces linked to nature have become crucial in providing a sense of peace and reconnecting back to nature. However, currently architecture that has nature integrated, results in spaces only for the wealthy. Furthermore, architecture in the US is so commercially driven with developers aiming for the most cost effective, most efficient and largest floor areas. For nature to be more available to the living spaces of middle class and ideally working class, the city planners and city development authorities need to get involved. For instance, the city could aid by allocating some of the tax collected to build more green architecture. With the tax fund assistance from the city, high quality living of green architecture will become available and much more affordable.Another option to making living more affordable is by implementing co-living. Despite the Covid-19 pandemic, co-living remains relatively high in demand in Chicago according to Chicago Tribune. For the younger generations such as the Millennials and younger, it is predicted that due to the nature of student loan debts, these generations are less likely to be financially well off after graduation. Hence, they are less likely to establish a family as soon as the previous generations, as most people tend to start a family when they feel financially stable.Hence, in this design thesis, a certain prototype will be tested out regarding some of these issues. This is just one option to the issues above and there are many options and other nuances still available to explore.
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