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Title: Characterization of Novel Concrete Formulations: High-Volume Fly Ash for Precast Industry Use and Non-Proprietary UHPC
Creator: Ordillas, Kurt Andrew
Date: 2024
Description: The use of high-volume fly ash concretes can be challenging for high-early strength applications, such as in precast construction, largely due...
Show moreThe use of high-volume fly ash concretes can be challenging for high-early strength applications, such as in precast construction, largely due to potential delays in strength gain resulting from relatively lower heats of hydration of the underlying binder formulations. Considering that the use of higher levels of available fresh or landfilled fly ash as a replacement for traditional ordinary Portland cement (OPC) could result in more sustainable mix designs, a framework to develop novel, high-volume fly ash mixes with optimized dosages of commercial grade gypsum and accelerating admixtures to enhance early-age strength performance. Early-age mechanical properties such as compressive strength, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity were evaluated starting within 24 hours of specimen preparation. Experimental test results were then characterized and subsequently analyzed relative to current design provisions to highlight the best performing trial mixes (with respect to the early-age strength target) and cases where current design provisions are either unconservative or overly-conservative with respect to the test data. Additionally, thermal properties of concrete produced with fly ash were tested with two different curing environments, along with using code equations to determine if high volume fly ash provides a higher thermal resistance compared to OPC concrete. Wrapping up cementitious replacement with non-proprietary ultra high-performance concrete (UHPC) for transportation structures. Then reproducing mixtures to ensure target compressive strength values could be reached. Followed by increasing batch size to a larger quantity using a large mixer to create full-size specimens.
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Title: Validation of the Chinese Version of the Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity in a Chinese Student Sample
Creator: De Leonardis, Andrew J.
Date: 2023
Description: Scrupulosity, which is a subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) characterized by religious obsessions and compulsions, has been shown...
Show moreScrupulosity, which is a subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) characterized by religious obsessions and compulsions, has been shown to be particularly debilitating. The current research concerning scrupulosity has mainly examined Western populations. There is a paucity of literature examining scrupulosity in Eastern populations, and no literature to date examining scrupulosity in a Chinese sample. In order to examine scrupulosity in China, a valid measure of scrupulosity is needed. The current study validated a Chinese version of the main measurement of scrupulosity, the Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity - Revised (PIOS-R), in a Chinese student sample. The PIOS-R was translated both linguistically and conceptually in consultation with the Chinese research team. New items were added for review and possible inclusion. 577 university students in China completed an online survey with study measures. This sample was randomly split into two groups, a primary group for the initial Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and a hold-out sample for follow up analyses. The initial CFA of the PIOS-R found that none of the three models identified met all criteria for adequate fit. A follow up Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted on the same group and found a two-factor model with updated items. This model was successfully cross-validated using a CFA in the hold-out sample. These analyses yielded the Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity – Chinese Version (PIOS-C). Preliminary reliability and validity were established with this revised measure. Having an accurate and valid measure of scrupulosity for the Chinese population will assist in characterizing scrupulosity in China and developing or refining appropriate treatments.
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Title: Developing Advanced Materials for Carbon Dioxide Electroreduction to Value-Added Chemicals and Fuels
Creator: Esmaeilirad, Mohammadreza
Date: 2023
Description: Developing highly efficient electrocatalysts for the carbon dioxide reductionreaction (CO2RR) to value-added fuels and chemicals offers a...
Show moreDeveloping highly efficient electrocatalysts for the carbon dioxide reductionreaction (CO2RR) to value-added fuels and chemicals offers a feasible pathway for renewable energy storage and could help mitigate the ever-increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from human activities. Different catalysts are known to catalyze CO2RR in aqueous solutions. Most known catalysts are only capable of transferring 2 electrons with needed protons to CO2 producing either carbon monoxide (CO) or formic acid (HCOOH). Copper (Cu) is the only electrocatalytic material that converts CO2 into different types of hydrocarbon products. Additionally, owing to Cu’s natural abundance and low cost, it has been intensively studied for CO2RR for decades. However, the required high input energy (overpotential), low product selectivity towards valuable fuel products, and the lack of long-term stability remain major challenges for Cu-based catalysts. This work aims to develop new materials that produce hydrocarbons at lower overpotentials with higher rates and greater selectivity than current copper catalysts. By implementing a process referred to as the electrocatalyst discovery cycle iterations between predications, catalyst testing, and active site characterization allow for the rational design and discovery of new and improved electrocatalysts for CO2RR. This methodology led to the discovery of different heteroatomic catalysts as low overpotential catalysts for electroreduction of CO2 high energy density hydrocarbon products.
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Title: High-Entropy Stabilization as a Designing Tool for Li-Ion Electrodes
Creator: Bandeira Jovino Marques, Otavio Jose
Date: 2023
Description: High-Entropy oxides (HEOs) form a new class of materials where the configurational entropy plays the stabilizing role of multicomponent...
Show moreHigh-Entropy oxides (HEOs) form a new class of materials where the configurational entropy plays the stabilizing role of multicomponent systems at high temperatures. Recently, it raised much attention for energy storage applications, especially on Li-ion batteries, where the combination of several different elements in a single solid solution can synergistically act to overcome some of its main drawbacks, improving the battery’s performance. The entropy stabilization opens new boundaries on electrode’s design by increasing the compositional space available for different structures and compounds. Not long ago, the high-entropy oxide (Mg0.2Co0.2Ni0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2)O demonstrated a big potential as anode material in Li-ion batteries. Its high capacity and long cycling stability raised a lot of questions about the role of the transition metals in the conversion reaction, and the configurational entropy contribution to the electrochemical reaction, further supporting the electrode’s stability. In order to investigate the structural evolution, the role of the multicomponent oxides and structures on the battery’s performance, and the entropic contribution to the electrode’s stability, this research proposes a systematic and robust methodology around the (Mg0.2Co0.2Ni0.2Cu0.2Zn0.2)O high-entropy oxide (HEO). The project heavily relies on the EXAFS ability to determine the short-range structure and the chemical sensitivity to isolate the elemental contribution of the compound at different cycling and charging states. First, the role of different metallic cations on the electrochemical reaction mechanism of the HEO was analyzed by the change in local structure during different charging steps of a Li-ion battery (Chapter 3). Secondly, the entropy contribution and tunability effects on electrochemical performance were tested in a series of medium and high-entropy oxides derived from the seminal HEO. Mg, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn were individually removed from the HEO’s composition at a time and tested as Li-ion electrode. Fe was also added to the HEO’s composition (HEO+Fe) in order to prove the tunability effects and entropy contribution (Chapter 4). Operando x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to capture the short lived phases and the transient nature of the conversion reaction, to explain the origins of the extra storage capacity encountered on entropy stabilized systems (Chapter 5). Finally, the role of the high-entropy oxide initial structure was investigated and compared, to check versatility of the elements that can be used on a high-entropy system (Chapter 6).
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Title: Using High-Pressure Reverse Osmosis Technique to Desalinate Produced Water
Creator: Dallalzadeh Atoufi, Hossein
Date: 2023
Description: This dissertation presents a comprehensive investigation into the use of high-pressure reverse osmosis (HPRO) to desalinate produced water (PW...
Show moreThis dissertation presents a comprehensive investigation into the use of high-pressure reverse osmosis (HPRO) to desalinate produced water (PW) in the oil and gas industry, with the aim of developing sustainable water management strategies. The study analyzes fouling mechanisms in HPRO desalination, revealing the applicability of Hermia's fouling mechanism to high-salinity waters and highlighting the negligible impact of complete pore blocking and standard pore blocking in crossflow reverse osmosis (RO) desalination. Furthermore, the research investigates ion transport through commercial polyamide thin film composite membranes using the solution-friction model, elucidating the influence of factors such as pressure, temperature, and crossflow velocity on the initial flux while minimal impact on steady-state flux is observed. The assessment of oil and gas waste discharge in water systems provides insights into potential environmental consequences, and the analysis of the behavior of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in contaminated sediments using passive sampling demonstrates the rapid uptake of shorter-chain PFAS compounds due to their lower sorption potential and faster diffusion rates. The dissertation contributes to the development of sustainable water management strategies, addressing the challenges of produced water treatment and environmental contamination in the oil and gas industry, and offers valuable information on fouling mechanisms, impacts of ion transport mechanisms, waste discharge and PFAS behavior, enabling optimized desalination processes, informed waste management practices, and a better understanding of environmental contamination issues.
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Title: Hidden Figures: Vera Jansone at Mies’ IIT
Date: 2021, 2021-12-15

Title: TechNews, April 03, 2012
Date: 2012-04-03, 2012-04-03
Collection: Technology News print collection, 1940-2019

Title: Students International House
Date: 1961

Title: #MeToo: What Urged Users to Post?
Creator: Hirsh, Rachel Anna
Date: 2023
Description: In this dissertation, I explore the motivations that compelled individuals to share their stories during the #MeToo movement, an unprecedented...
Show moreIn this dissertation, I explore the motivations that compelled individuals to share their stories during the #MeToo movement, an unprecedented digital phenomenon that thrust discussions of sexual harassment and assault into the public sphere. The central research question guiding this study was, "What urged users to post during the #MeToo movement?," which worked to uncover why and how the movement became so widespread.. Research demonstrates that when people are sexually harassed or assaulted, often times they do not come forward (Hlavka, 2014). Spencer et al. shares some of the common reasons women do not come forward are that they don’t classify their harassment or assault as a big enough deal, they do not know who or how to report it, they are afraid, they were drunk, they are ashamed, they don’t want to get their assailant in trouble, or they blame themselves (2017). However, those reasons fell by the wayside, as so many people came forward during the #MeToo movement. This paper aims to figure out why that was and how we can continuously get survivors to come forward. This paper also asks the question, did people come forward to share testimony, be part of a movement, or both?Two distinct hypotheses were formulated to unpack the complex dynamics at play The first hypothesis posited that users who engaged with central nodes, encompassing key figures within the #MeToo movement, original contributors, celebrities, and influencers, were more inclined to hold a positive outlook on the movement as a progressive step for women. This data was collected through a quantitative survey, and the analysis yielded inconclusive results, with 79.15% of the sample population expressing support for the movement while only 54.17% reported following central nodes. Qualitative interviews further underscored the multifaceted nature of motivations.The second hypothesis posited that individuals were more inclined to share their personal experiences of harassment or assault online when they observed weak ties within their social networks, such as acquaintances or friends of friends, sharing their own stories. The findings from survey data revealed that 68.87% of participants witnessed weak ties sharing personal experiences or using the #MeToo hashtag on their social media platforms. Qualitative interviews unanimously highlighted the significant influence of observing friends or weak ties posting about their experiences, further underscoring the diversity of motivators behind #MeToo participation.These findings shed light on the multifaceted nature of online activism and the pivotal role of personal networks in shaping the movement's trajectory. In essence, this research demonstrates that while the motivations for user participation in the #MeToo movement are diverse and complex, the presence of weak ties, or distant social relationships or relationships with infrequent interactions, within social networks emerges as a critical influence.
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Title: Evaluation of the efficacy of power ultrasound technology coupled with organic acids to reduce listeria monocytogenes on peaches and apples
Creator: Joshi, Mayura Anand
Date: 2024
Description: Fresh fruits and vegetables are prone to microbial contamination throughout different phases of human handling, processing, transportation,...
Show moreFresh fruits and vegetables are prone to microbial contamination throughout different phases of human handling, processing, transportation, and distribution. Emerging technologies, such as power ultrasound, have received attention due to their capacity to reduce or eliminate foodborne bacterial pathogens on these commodities. Power ultrasound, when combined with certain antimicrobials, has demonstrated its effectiveness as a valuable tool for washing fresh produce. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of power ultrasound combined with organic acids on the reduction of Listeria monocytogenes on fruits. In this study, peaches and apples were subjected to surface inoculation with a four-strain cocktail of L. monocytogenes and dried for 1 h. Stomacher bags, containing 225 mL of citric, lactic, or malic acids at concentrations of 1%, 2%, or 5%, were employed for treating inoculated peaches and apples. The acid treatment was used alone, or in combination with power ultrasound for 2, 5, or 10 min. Water was used for controls. Before treatment, the initial population of L. monocytogenes on apples was lower compared to the initial population on peaches, with apples showing a 1.94 log CFU/fruit reduction. Water controls demonstrated no significant log reduction in both apples and peaches. The greatest L. monocytogenes reduction on apples occurred when treated with 1% citric acid for 2 min with power ultrasound where L. monocytogenes was significantly reduced from 6.98±0.88 log CFU/fruit to 5.56±0.91 log CFU/fruit. The greatest L. monocytogenes reduction on peaches occurred when treated with 5% citric acid for 5 min with power ultrasound where L. monocytogenes was significantly reduced from 7.44±0.45 log CFU/fruit to 6.68±0.40 log CFU/fruit. Overall, the combined effect of acid and power ultrasound was more pronounced in apples than in peaches. The survival of L. monocytogenes on apples and peaches appeared to be highly dependent on the specific treatment and hurdle technology applied. The combination of ultrasound hurdle technology with acid washing has proven effective in reducing L. monocytogenes on both peaches and apples, with a more significant impact observed on apples. While acid washing is a more economical option compared to ultrasound technology, the efficiency of microorganism reduction is considerably enhanced when power ultrasound is combined with organic acids. Looking ahead, the development of cost-effective power ultrasound methods could facilitate widespread adoption of ultrasound hurdle technology in the produce industry.
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Title: Characterization of turbulent mixing near roadways based on measurements of short-term turbulence kinetic energy and traffic conditions
Creator: Hu, Zhice
Date: 2020
Description: Turbulence determines how vehicle emissions mix with the surrounding air and determine the distribution of pollutants on the roadway and...
Show moreTurbulence determines how vehicle emissions mix with the surrounding air and determine the distribution of pollutants on the roadway and downwind. 600 5-min near roadway simultaneous measurements (2016 to 2018) of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), meteorological conditions, and traffic information (vehicle flow rate, density, and traffic mix (LDVs & HDVs) were used to characterize TKE. Short-term measurements (5 min.) were required to characterize the large variation in traffic flow rate that occurred in short time periods. Two roadways (Lakeshore Drive (LSD), Dan Ryan Expressway (DRE)) with distinctly different traffic composition (HDV%) and road configurations were selected for monitoring. Results indicate that variations in near-road wind speed (0.5 to 3.5 m s-1) had only a slight influence on TKE measurements. Background contributed 40% of the total measured TKE. The average dissipation rate traffic-induced TKE from on-road to near-road measurement was 90%. The average near roadway TKE (background subtracted) was 0.6 (m2 s-2) (0.2 st. dev) for LDVs only, and 0.8 (m2 s-2) (0.3 st. dev) for mixed fleet traffic flow (HDV averaged 8.4%). The increase in TKE was related to the increase in the HDV flow rate for free-flow traffic conditions but not for congestion conditions. TKE generated by individual HDVs was significantly higher than TKE generated from individual LDVs for free-flow traffic conditions. HDVs represent only a small fraction of the vehicle fleet mix (typical 1 to 10%) so that the overall effect of HDVs in changing vehicle fleet is difficult to quantify. However, the single HDV can induce near 11 times TKE than a single LDV in free-flow condition, which can validate the significant variation in the ensemble mean traffic-induced TKE under the same traffic fleet flow that is due to HDVs.
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Title: Integrating Deep Learning And Innovative Feature Selection For Improved Short-Term Price Prediction In Futures Markets
Creator: Tian, Tian
Date: 2024
Description: This study presents a novel approach for predicting short-term price movements in futures markets using advanced deep-learning models, namely...
Show moreThis study presents a novel approach for predicting short-term price movements in futures markets using advanced deep-learning models, namely LSTM, CNN_LSTM, and GRU_LSTM. By incorporating cophenetic correlation in feature preparation, the study addresses the challenges posed by sudden fluctuations and price spikes while maintaining diversification and utilizing a limited number of variables derived from daily public data. However, the effectiveness of adding features relies on appropriate feature selection, even when employing powerful deep-learning models. To overcome this limitation, an innovative feature selection method is proposed, which combines cophenetic correlation-based hierarchical linkage clustering with the XGBoost importance listing function. This method efficiently identifies and integrates the most relevant features, significantly improving price prediction accuracy. The empirical findings contribute valuable insights into price prediction accuracy and the potential integration of algorithmic and intuitive approaches in futures markets. Moreover, the developed feature preparation method enhances the performance of all deep learning models, including LSTM, CNN_LSTM, and GRU_LSTM. This study contributes to the advancement of price prediction techniques by demonstrating the potential of integrating deep learning models with innovative feature selection methods. Traders and investors can leverage this approach to enhance their decision-making processes and optimize trading strategies in dynamic and complex futures markets.
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Title: In situ EXAFS studies of novel Palladium-based anode catalysts for direct ethanol and formic acid fuel cells
Creator: Su, Ning
Date: 2024
Description: In this work we made nanoscale uniform deposition of Pd based anode catalyst on the transition metal Au (with atomic ratio Pd:Au=1:10) support...
Show moreIn this work we made nanoscale uniform deposition of Pd based anode catalyst on the transition metal Au (with atomic ratio Pd:Au=1:10) support of direct liquid ethanol fuel cells (DLEFCs) and direct liquid formic acid fuel cells (DLFAFCs). Synthesizing with uniform dispersion and catalyst nanoparticle dimensions understand the role of Pd reaction on its support in the direct EOR (ethanol oxidation reaction) and FOR (formic acid reaction) pathways, we performed in situ Pd K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements as a function of potential using a custom-designed flow cell with the catalyst deposited on the glassy carbon window. We did in-situ EXAFS to better understand the reaction mechanism of Pd1@Au10 anode catalyst with EOR and AOR in nanoscale. Compared EOR with FOR electrochemical performance showed Pd@Au&C played better in ethanol than HCOOH and more stable which the the current density can reach up to 1216.25 mA·mg-1 Pd of EOR with Pd1@Au10&C in 1M KOH+1M EtOH (CH3CH2OH) on the ethanol fuel cells (DLEFCs), and 3.56 times higher of the EOR current compared with commercial Pd@C
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Title: Financialization in the Structured Products Market
Creator: Zhu, Lizi
Date: 2023
Description: This dissertation aims to study financialization in the structured products market. The structured products market has been undergoing a major...
Show moreThis dissertation aims to study financialization in the structured products market. The structured products market has been undergoing a major transformation in recent years. The market used to mainly serve institutional investors. However, as a few trading platforms powered by fintech companies emerged on the horizon, more and more banks are starting to compete in this market. The average trade size has also been declining significantly, thereby making the market increasingly accessible to retail investors. What are the factors that facilitate the development of this market? What are the economic incentives of issuers and investors? How do issuers compete? What does the future hold for this market? The main finding of this dissertation is that structured products provide utility to retail investors; As the level of risk aversion increases, an investor increasingly prefers structured products to other traditional asset classes; issuers develop three sources of competitive advantage to be a satisficer; the rise of fintech and improvement of financial education are the key to opening this market to retail investors.
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Title: Pilgrim Baptist Church, Chicago, Illinois, ca. 1964
Date: 1952-1964
Description: Pilgrim Baptist Church (3301 S. Indiana Ave, Chicago, IL) photographed from the northwest by Institute of Design student F. Peter Weil. Date...
Show morePilgrim Baptist Church (3301 S. Indiana Ave, Chicago, IL) photographed from the northwest by Institute of Design student F. Peter Weil. Date is estimated as 1964 from other evidence in the collection.
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Collection: F. Peter Weil photographs, 1952-1964

Title: Multimodal Learning and Generation Toward a Multisensory and Creative AI System
Creator: Zhu, Ye
Date: 2023
Description: We are perceiving and communicating with the world in a multisensory manner, where different information sources are sophisticatedly processed...
Show moreWe are perceiving and communicating with the world in a multisensory manner, where different information sources are sophisticatedly processed and interpreted by separate parts of the human brain to constitute a complex, yet harmonious and unified intelligent system. To endow the machines with true intelligence, multimodal machine learning that incorporates data from various modalities including vision, audio, and text, has become an increasingly popular research area with emerging technical advances in recent years. Under the context of multimodal learning, the creativity to generate and synthesize novel and meaningful data is a critical criterion to assess machine intelligence.As a step towards a multisensory and creative AI system, we study the problem of multimodal generation in this thesis by exploring the field from multiple perspectives. Firstly, we analyze different data modalities in a comprehensive manner by comparing the data natures, the semantics, and their corresponding mainstream technical designs. We then propose to investigate three multimodal generation application scenarios, namely text generation from visual data, audio generation from visual data, and visual generation from textual data, with diverse approaches to give an overview of the field. For the direction of text generation from visual data, we study a novel multimodal task in which the model is expected to summarize a given video with textual descriptions, under a challenging condition where the video can only be partially seen. We propose to supplement the missing visual information via a dialogue interaction and introduce QA-Cooperative network with a dynamic dialogue history update learning mechanism to tackle the challenge. For the direction of audio generation from visual data, we present a new multimodal task that aims to generate music for a given silent dance video clip. Unlike most existing conditional music generation works that generate specific types of mono-instrumental sounds using symbolic audio representations (e.g., MIDI), and that heavily rely on pre-defined musical synthesizers, we generate dance music in complex styles (e.g., pop, breaking, etc.) by employing a Vector-Quantized (VQ) audio representation via our proposed Dance2Music-GAN (D2M-GAN) framework. For the direction of visual generation from textual data, we tackle a key desideratum in conditional synthesis, which is to achieve high correspondence between the conditioning input and generated output using the state-of-the-art generative model -- Diffusion Probabilistic Model. While most existing methods learn such relationships implicitly, by incorporating the prior into the variational lower bound in model training. In this work, we take a different route by explicitly enhancing input-output connections by maximizing their mutual information, which is achieved by our proposed Conditional Discrete Contrastive Diffusion (CDCD) framework. For each direction, we conduct extensive experiments on multiple multimodal datasets and demonstrate that all of our proposed frameworks are able to effectively and substantially improve task performance in their corresponding contexts.
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Title: Interiors 1 [belly of tube intersecting ceiling]
Date: 2003
Description: Photograph of the McCormick Tribune Campus Center, Illinois Institute of Technology, showing the intersection of the Exelon tube with the...
Show morePhotograph of the McCormick Tribune Campus Center, Illinois Institute of Technology, showing the intersection of the Exelon tube with the ceiling of the interior of the building. The concrete and stainless steel tube encloses a 530-foot stretch of the Chicago Transit Authority's elevated Green Line commuter rail ("L") tracks. Photograph made available via Illinois Tech's institutional repository with the permission of Richard Barnes.
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Collection: McCormick Tribune Campus Center photographs, 2003

Title: Tube 6 [with El tracks]
Date: 2003
Description: Photograph of the McCormick Tribune Campus Center, Illinois Institute of Technology, showing State Street Village (now Jeanne and John Rowe...
Show morePhotograph of the McCormick Tribune Campus Center, Illinois Institute of Technology, showing State Street Village (now Jeanne and John Rowe Village) in the foreground, the Exelon tube and the Chicago skyline in the background. The concrete and stainless steel tube encloses a 530-foot stretch of the Chicago Transit Authority's elevated Green Line commuter rail ("L") tracks. Photograph made available via Illinois Tech's institutional repository with the permission of Richard Barnes.
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Collection: McCormick Tribune Campus Center photographs, 2003

Title: Founders' Wall 2 [icons]
Date: 2003
Description: Photographic detail of the Founders' Wall at McCormick Tribune Campus Center, Illinois Institute of Technology. The photograph shows the...
Show morePhotographic detail of the Founders' Wall at McCormick Tribune Campus Center, Illinois Institute of Technology. The photograph shows the pictographic icon system designed for the building by graphic design firm 2x4. On the Founders' Wall, the icons are used to create portraits of Frank Gunsaulus, Allen Lewis, Robert Pritzker, and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Photograph made available via Illinois Tech's institutional repository with the permission of Richard Barnes.
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Collection: McCormick Tribune Campus Center photographs, 2003

Title: Founders' Wall 3 - [faces of (l-r): Frank Gunsaulus, Allen Lewis, Robert Pritzker, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe]
Date: 2003
Description: Photograph of the Founders' Wall at McCormick Tribune Campus Center, Illinois Institute of Technology. The photograph shows the pictographic...
Show morePhotograph of the Founders' Wall at McCormick Tribune Campus Center, Illinois Institute of Technology. The photograph shows the pictographic icon system designed for the building by graphic design firm 2x4. On the Founders' Wall, the icons are used to create portraits of Frank Gunsaulus, Allen Lewis, Robert Pritzker, and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Photograph made available via Illinois Tech's institutional repository with the permission of Richard Barnes.
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Collection: McCormick Tribune Campus Center photographs, 2003

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