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Title: INTEGRATION OF DAYLIGHT IN THE COMMERCIALLY USED BUILDINGS FOR ENERGY SAVING PURPOSES
Creator: Tabibzadeh, Meysam
Date: 2014, 2014-07
Description: The integration between different building systems’ operation in response to various room and weather conditions has a direct positive effect...
Show moreThe integration between different building systems’ operation in response to various room and weather conditions has a direct positive effect on buildings energy performance and cost effectiveness. A Building Automation System (BAS) or an integrated Building Energy Management System (BEMS) typically control five major building systems, including people occupancy detection, shading control, HVAC, and lighting systems. Other building systems and internal energy loads also need to be considered when developing integrated controls and energy efficiency in office buildings. The controls are designed to operate in different building zones (lighting and thermal), while communicating with the main building management system. Whether the zone is being occupied or not will define further actions by other control components. The main goal of this research is to improve energy performance in commercial office buildings by developing the integration between various building controls and the use of natural light indoors and outside views while maintaining both the occupants’ visual and thermal comfort and high building energy performance at the same time. In this research, the proposed synchronization between building occupancy, daylighting, and integrated controls for various building systems in a commercial office space was assessed using computer simulations. The study uses Microsoft Excel as the primary database and result compiling platform. The work flow algorithm of the integrated control (in Visual Basic Application for Excel) automatically defines the new simulation criteria, makes adjustments in the simulation inputs, and runs DOE2.2 energy simulations for the proposed models with integrated controls as well as the baseline model (compliant with the ASHRAE 90.1-2010 standard) for further analysis. The simulations are conducted for eight simulation dates over five years. The results from the proposed model are analyzed and compared with the baseline results in order to evaluate its energy performance and to determine possible savings. The simulation results analysis determines how the implementation of the proposed system can improve the daylighting and energy performance in the building by maximizing the integration between different building systems controls in response to different parameters, such as occupancy, weather conditions, and daylight. The evaluated results of the proposed system are summarized as the system and sub-system algorithms, features, and components of each system, and, finally, as the design guidelines for implementation of the new fully integrated controls for commercial office buildings. From the evaluation of the proposed system performance, the list of research outcomes and deliverables will be concluded, by determining the impact of integrated controls on the overall energy performance of the office work space. The fact that if and when the energy efficiency and improved comfort and environmental quality work hand in hand, in addition to and the role of integrated occupancy in improving the energy efficiency will define the level of success for the proposed control system. The final research outcome is the development of the integrated workflow that can be used in new Building Automation Systems (BAS) or incorporated into the simulation engine for “Simulation Assisted” (see section 2.2.2) Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS).
Ph.D. in Architecture, July 2014
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Title: THE POLYMORPHIC DIAGRAM: CONCEPTS FOR DESIGN TECHNOLOGY TO MODEL SPATIAL CRITERIA IN ARCHITECTURE DESIGN
Creator: Hamadah, Qutaibah
Date: 2012-11-03, 2012-12
Description: In Architectural design, reasoning about space and its configuration lies at the center of the conceptual design workflow. The process unfolds...
Show moreIn Architectural design, reasoning about space and its configuration lies at the center of the conceptual design workflow. The process unfolds in a reflective and adaptive modeling methodology, through which architects structure their understanding of the design problem, and mediate its responsive and sensitive resolution. Paradoxically, however, modeling and representing spatial information – knowledge about the design problem’s spatial requirements and its relational orders – is perhaps the least welldeveloped feature in modern design systems. With all its importance in architecture design, existing design technology offers only limited assistance to one of architecture’s most critical and difficult design workflows, the definition of space, its layout and configuration. Moving forward, modern design systems must extend their ability to assist the architect in modeling spatial and relational design criteria. They must profit an integrated workflow where the problem definition, and the solution proposition develop in unison. In particular, it should pay heed to the architect’s cognitive and generative parameters, which necessarily relies on an adaptively and reflective modeling workflow, one that bridges between the problem definition and its solution proposition using multiple forms of representation. Towards this end, this dissertation presents the Polymorphic Diagram: a concept for a design technology to assist the architect in modeling spatial and relational design criteria using an interactive, graph-based, multi-representational medium.
PH.D in Architecture, December 2012
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Title: FROM FIREPLACE TO STEAM: DOMESTIC HEATING TECHNOLOGY IN NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES, 1840-1890
Creator: Morais, Caroline
Date: 2012-12-07, 2012-12
Description: Why study nineteenth-century domestic heating technology? Besides its pop- ular appeal and utilitarian value, domestic heating technology is...
Show moreWhy study nineteenth-century domestic heating technology? Besides its pop- ular appeal and utilitarian value, domestic heating technology is one of the most signi cant yet least explored subjects in American history. American processes of industrialization, manufacturing, and transportation are well known, however, the impact of technological changes on the home is less familiar. Understanding past everyday lives is crucial to recognize the processes of adjusting to new technologies, particularly those technologies essential to today's American lives that have been overlooked. This dissertation examines the shift in domestic heating modes in North- eastern United States between the decades of 1840 and 1890. After carefully reviewing the literature on the subject of nineteenth-century heating technology, I asked myself why the domestic setting has received little schol- arly or historical attention in comparison to those of industrial and commercial set- tings. The answer lies on the fact that, traditionally, historians have been more interested in public events than in those within the private environment. The signi - cance of domestic heating technology has also been reduced duo to divisions between scholarly elds and disciplines. Also, the interpretation of artifacts has been more the eld of anthropologists than that of historians. Thus, few studies have narrowed their focus to a speci c topic of technology and the di erences in form, function, and cultural settings of its development. Investigating a historically obsolete technology and understanding the way people used it can be challenging. Domestic heating technology has advanced, and attitudes towards it have changed over time. It has been di cult to nd physical evidence of early examples in the form in which people originally used it daily. Addi- tionally, few people took the time to record their everyday-life interactions with the equipment and actual models of the old technology are hard to nd. Mid-nineteenth iv century American household heating apparatuses are a clear example of that. The ine ciency of systems previous to central heating challenged inventors and manufac- tures to search for and invest in more convenient and economical options to improve the quality of life. With the development of household heating technology, people gradually abandoned replaces and stoves and adopted furnaces and central heating as their primary source of heating. My goal was to explore the evolving meaning of domestic heating systems as a technological symbol. By analyzing the changing responses from one technological development to the other, I was able to identify some main points that made appro- priate domestic heating and ventilation a necessity for both comfort and health of Americans who lived in the focused period. I chose the ve decades between 1840 and 1890 because most of the modern conveniences were introduced into American homes for the rst time during those years and for their signi cance to the country's technological history. The Northeastern region was chosen as the geographical focus because the dispersion of knowledge began there, especially knowledge in heating and ventila- tion technology and apparatus manufacturing. The sources for the study included domestic advice manuals, architectural pattern books, engineering and architectural periodicals, patent records, manufacturers' and dealers' sales catalogs, and census schedules. The technological development of heating and ventilation systems culmi- nated with the advent of central heating, which currently represents the technology of domestic heating methods. In the design of American homes, central heating systems have superseded previous apparatuses such as replaces and stoves. They have become an option rather than a necessity of a comfortable and convenient domestic life. This disserta- tion is a brief study of that moment of transition. My intention was to expand on v basic assumptions about the technological development of the American home, not to challenge them. There has already been a considerable amount of attention given to the study of the American home and home life. Therefore, I see my research as an addition to the growing knowledge of the history of American domestic technology and the people and innovations that enabled its development.
PH.D in Philosophy in Architecture, December 2012
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Title: VISUAL TRAINING AT ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY: AESTHETICS IN ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION
Creator: Jones, Kristin
Date: 2016, 2016-05
Description: Over the course of 78 years, an aesthetic ideal which embodies architectural values has been collectively cultivated through Visual Training...
Show moreOver the course of 78 years, an aesthetic ideal which embodies architectural values has been collectively cultivated through Visual Training at the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) school of architecture in Chicago. This dissertation provides a comprehensive explanation of Visual Training as it has been conducted at IIT. It promotes a better understanding of the background of Visual Training, the pedagogical practice of the Visual Training exercises, and the ongoing value of the course. The dissertation traces the underpinnings of Visual Training through the writings of Walter Peterhans, founder and Professor of Visual Training at IIT from 1938-1960, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, Professor and Director of Architecture at IIT from 1938-1958 and other key figures. The thesis shows how the Visual Training program at IIT was influenced by movements in philosophy and mathematics in early 20th century Germany and how existing pedagogy at the Bauhaus was adapted to serve its aim. The dissertation includes an explanation of each exercise in the Visual Training program. It makes explicit the point of each exercise, how each one is conducted and why. Original detailed descriptions, illustrated with examples, show what a student gains from each exercise and how the process of performing the exercise achieves that end. The dissertation compares the way in which the Visual Training program originally developed in relation to other courses in the architecture curriculum to disclose the meaning of architecture, and what has happened in Visual Training as the architecture program at IIT has continued to evolve. The thesis brings to light enduring epistemological tensions underlying architectural education.
Ph.D. in Architecture, May 2016
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Title: PROTOTYPE OF SUSTAINABLE NEW CITY IN CHILE
Creator: Hernandez Gomez, Soledad Macarena
Date: 2012-11-20, 2012-12
Description: In an era of global climate change and rapid urbanization, it is necessary to change the way of cities have been developed. Cities need a new...
Show moreIn an era of global climate change and rapid urbanization, it is necessary to change the way of cities have been developed. Cities need a new vision and a new strategy to reduce their impact on the environment. Therefore, it is essential to research about how to design sustainable cities, which are the main characteristics of a sustainable urban design, and how it is possible to combine all these factors in a sustainable way to develop a city which reduces impact in the ecosystem and creates a better quality of life as a place to live. For these reasons, one of the main objectives of this thesis is to develop a prototype of a sustainable new city based on the sustainable city principles, and also to understand the social, economic and environmental context where the city is located. In this proposal, the new city is located in the extreme South of Chile to replace a previous city that was destroyed by a volcanic eruption. Therefore, this new city - New Chaiten- is an opportunity in the region to build a city which represents a new vision of sustainable urban development which promotes a balance between the social and economic needs of the community and environmental conservation. Furthermore, it creates an enjoyable urban environment with a high quality of life while reducing energy consumption.
M.S. in Architecture, December 2012
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Title: AMERICA'S NEW HOME
Creator: Klinger, Ryan J.
Date: 2013-04-30, 2013-05
Description: The role of the American nuclear single-family home has shifted significantly in the past 100 years.It began with the introduction and...
Show moreThe role of the American nuclear single-family home has shifted significantly in the past 100 years.It began with the introduction and expanded availability of the automobile by Henry Ford in 1908. Though private ownership of single-family homes steadily increased in the early part of the Twentieth Century, the majority of the existing housing market remained on rental. As a result of the stock market crash in 1929, the American housing market saw its first decline in the growth rate of new properties being built and occupied. Following the crash, the housing market experienced its first declining growth rate of the century. It was not until the late 1940s, with the end of World War II and the G.I. Bill’s introduction, that Americans saw an unprecedented increase in private homeownership nationwide. Pre-fabricated building processes, adapted from assembly-line production during World War II, radically transformed standard building methodologies for production of housing communities. Levittown, Pennsylvania was the primary example of this new fast-paced method of construction beginning in 1948. In the two decades following World War II, single-family homeownership surpassed rentals to become the majority of occupied housing units in the United States. The housing market took another hit in the economic decline of the 1970s. An economic downturn and an oil embargo that occurred during the 1970s produced a rising demand for rental properties that weakened the demand for newly-built singlefamily homes. In 1980 FHA revised its form of financing private homeownership and the American single-family home was now available to an expanded demographic of qualified owners. ix This resulted in another expansion of units being built and occupied from the later 1980s through the early 2000s. In 2007 America saw this come to an end; the American housing market crashed, forcing homeowners across the country into premature foreclosure. Private homeownership, once a central aspiration of the American Dream, is now shattered on a wide scale. As we move into the next phase of the American singlefamily home, many wonder if it will survive as a building model and reemerge as a prominent housing typology. It is the sole purpose of this investigation to establish the new face of the singlefamily home in an urban setting. The Gap Neighborhood on Chicago’s South Side will be used as an example. The investigation’s conclusion will provide the architectural community, as well as the target client-population, with a prototypical case study for the emerging single-family dwelling unit.It will serve as a comprehensive model that has reacted to the current issues that remain as a result of the housing crisis.
M.S. in Architecture, May 2013
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Title: DEVELOPING INTELLIGENT AND ADAPTIVE BUILDING SYSTEMS FOR OUR DIGITAL ECOLOGY
Creator: Hansen, Kai
Date: 2013, 2013-07
Description: Our world is being changed by a dynamic digital presence. The marriage of virtual and physical represents an ecology which has become...
Show moreOur world is being changed by a dynamic digital presence. The marriage of virtual and physical represents an ecology which has become intertwined with the lives of nearly everyone, fundamentally altering how our society functions. While we have evolved in this sense, the built environment has become outmoded and strains to meet emerging occupant requirements. To correct this, it has become necessary to develop environments that are capable of intelligently responding to shifting requirements. As curators of the built environment, architects are responsible for seeking out and engaging new mechanisms to achieve spaces that occupants find desirable. An experiential summary of the architectural-digital-hacking process will be given. A more traditional research method was followed when possible while engaged in this learning process. This research focuses on utilizing readily available digital tools that are capable of simultaneously mitigating issues associated with occupant requirements and energy consumption. It will also address shortcomings related to occupant comfort and energy consumption observed in our buildings by producing a series of working prototypes that will be tested and analyzed. Results will be presented, and will consist of components used and how they were used to serve as a reference for future development.
M.S. in Architecture, July 2013
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Title: HOUSING PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION WITHIN A SOCIAL CONDENSER
Creator: Loman, Catherine
Date: 2016, 2016-12
Description: Throughout the United States and Canada the railroad, a system that was once the central method of transportation through the countries, has...
Show moreThroughout the United States and Canada the railroad, a system that was once the central method of transportation through the countries, has had a large downfall in the popularity and development after the introduction of the car into the city and the surrounding area. With the downfall of the train came the downfall of the use of the train station, a space that was once a local temple of the city has now become an economic center with no larger connection to the city. If a new high-speed rail system is to be introduced into North America then there is the need for a new method of looking at what the train station can be and how it can interact with the larger city around it. With an in-depth study of the city that the station is located in the local nature of the city will become prevalent and play a key role in the conceptual design of the station and how it can create a stronger social presence within the city and within the line.
M.S. in Architecture, December 2016
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Title: INTERPRETATION OF ADAPTIVE REUSE ISSUES IN MULTIPLE SCALES, BUILDING, NEIGHBORHOOD, CITY
Creator: Loukas, Panagiota
Date: 2015, 2015-12
Description: The purpose of this study is to interpret the topic of adaptive reuse, focusing on the reuse of existing buildings and new structures inserted...
Show moreThe purpose of this study is to interpret the topic of adaptive reuse, focusing on the reuse of existing buildings and new structures inserted into them. The issues related with adaptive reuse are not a new field in architecture but is related to previous practices such as preservation and conservation. Focusing on the issue of adaptive reuse in order for existing structures to cover the new needs of an emerging society, giving a new use. Other disciplines, such as social and political are forming and guiding those decisions. The topic of what to keep and what to discard is global and various solutions has been given in the past years, focusing on monuments and landmarks conservation, preservation or practices of adaptation in the cities history. The research analysis in various scales, engaging the site to its surrounding, through neighborhood analysis and its urban context are important. Understanding the problem means focusing the research not only on the aspect of architecture agenda since there are political and social practices engaging with the transformation. It means focusing on the issue of adaptive reuse as an important cultural topic related with social, political and economic factors.
M.S. in Architecture, December 2015
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Title: Rapid Rail Transit Oriented City for One Million in Calfornia
Creator: Moore, Jeremy Edward
Date: 2011-11-22, 2011-12
Description: The city of Aubretia will be a city for approximately one million people situated at the northern divergence point of the proposed California...
Show moreThe city of Aubretia will be a city for approximately one million people situated at the northern divergence point of the proposed California High-Speed Rail Authority system and the current San Joaquin Amtrak passenger rail service, located near Madera city. Having the largest population out of all 50 states and three cities —Los Angeles, San Diego and San Jose—in the top ten list of most populous US cities, California certainly has the demand to support a high-speed rail system. The 2010 United States Census has also demonstrated a continuing trend of residents relocating from the Midwest and East Coast to the Sun belt states. All inhabitants of Aubretia will have access to a heavy two-rail system providing transportation to any other point in the city in 45 minutes or less. Development will be restricted to an area approximately one half mile in radius or a ten minute walking distance centered on each transit stop. Along with standard rapid transit stops in each development area there is also an interface with a central transportation hub connecting the Aubretia Metro to Amtrak and California High-Speed Rail as well as ground transportation options like regional bus and for-hire vehicles. The planned population level for Aubretia is based on a city size that can be served with a two-track automated metro system. The system will be capable of accommodating a majority of rush hour commuters at three persons per square meter density with a minimum headway of 90 seconds.
M.S. in Architecture, December 2011
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Title: PEDESTRIAN URBANISM: THE CULTURAL IMPACTS OF WALKABLE COMMUTES AND TRANSIT USE IN CHICAGO (UNITED STATES), PARIS (FRANCE), AND SEOUL (KOREA)
Creator: Jeong, Hyesun
Date: 2016, 2016-12
Description: In the past several decades, followers of Jane Jacobs have sought to codify her concept of “eyes on the street.” Jacobs used Greenwich Village...
Show moreIn the past several decades, followers of Jane Jacobs have sought to codify her concept of “eyes on the street.” Jacobs used Greenwich Village in New York City to illustrate how her concept could be enhanced through the density and diversity of mixed neighborhoods. This study’s core hypothesis emphasizes density, mixed use, and the cultural pattern of Bohemia on walkability. Mainly based on Jacobs’s argument, this study encourages urban development and neighborhood vitality, and then expands it with walking, bicycling, and public transit use. The study uses a comparative analysis of Chicago (USA), Paris (France), and Seoul (Korea) to examine public policy towards a walkable city in contexts where this policy adjusts to local neighborhoods. The study redefines the concept of Bohemia by numerically codifying and measuring it as a cultural variable together with other urban variables to evaluate their relationship to commuting choice and transit ridership in three cities and their countries. The findings from the statistical analysis show that Bohemia and the presence of the arts are strongly associated with non-auto commuting modes and public transit ridership.
Ph.D. in Architecture, December 2016
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Title: THE SINGLE BUILDING AS THE URBAN CATALYST
Creator: La Serna, Matias S.
Date: 2012-03-28, 2012-05
Description: An identified strip of land in Chicago’s South Side has left an unmistakably large void within the grid of the city. Current city plans call...
Show moreAn identified strip of land in Chicago’s South Side has left an unmistakably large void within the grid of the city. Current city plans call for single-use and low density spaces to eventually fill the enormous void bounded by State Street to the East, and Federal Street to the West. Resisting the current pattern of architectural and urban segregation, this alternative proposes an ambitious plan to fill an entire block with a select and diverse range of program to invigorate a depleted urban area while simultaneously creating an identifiable architectural landmark. The sudden interruption of single-use occupation reclaims the architectural potential of a site burdened by its troubled past and serves as the catalyst to stimulate ambitious and diverse urban growth. Necessarily occupying the entire site for the urban development of the city, the building is faced with the challenge of expanding to fill the tremendous void imposed by the grid with as few program members as possible, all the while preserving the richness of urban overlaps otherwise afforded in tighter urban settings. The result is a single building that is both mindful of the independent needs of its occupants while simultaneously creating and maximizing shared spaces within the overlaps, generating program opportunities and interactions not otherwise afforded in a system of architectural fragmentation.
M.S. in Architecture, May 2012
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Title: INFILL HOUSE – HANOI, VIETNAM
Creator: Luu, Dung Q
Date: 2017, 2017-05
Description: In 1986, the ‘Economic Reform’ had brought significant economic success to Vietnam. The cities such as Hanoi, HoChiMinh City, and Danang,...
Show moreIn 1986, the ‘Economic Reform’ had brought significant economic success to Vietnam. The cities such as Hanoi, HoChiMinh City, and Danang, expanded enormously, and building activities increased to accommodate population growth and housing demand. The rapidly increased income allowed middle-class and upper-class families to pursue their dreams to own a private home. However, most housing projects were built without any city guidelines and lacked thoughtful design. [5] Because of high land prices and valuable frontage for business uses, most new private buildings and houses, 3 to 5 stories, were built to maximize their footprint, on very long and narrow frontage properties. Many of these infill houses were constructed, however they had limited daylight and poor natural ventilation. [4] For my thesis, I have studied typologies of the Vietnamese infill house. The study analyzes 4 types of infill sites based on different site access. In response to the analysis, six house schemes were developed on two of the types of long and narrow infill sites, in the high-density area of Hanoi, Vietnam. The design investigates different site strategies, and applies suitable building techniques to create viable living spaces that improve natural daylight and ventilation.
M.S. in Architecture, May 2017
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Title: DESIRES OF THE CITY, THE SENSIBLE METROPOLIS
Creator: De Sanabria Sales, Lucia Rodriguez
Date: 2014, 2014-07
Description: The question about the future of our cities starts with the consideration of what kind of society we want. What role will architecture play in...
Show moreThe question about the future of our cities starts with the consideration of what kind of society we want. What role will architecture play in shaping our society and the way people live their lives? Can architecture really be a tool for other objectives? Can it be part of reactivation of the economy? The future of cities, whether they are as densely populated as the modern metropolis or more sprawled like its surroundings, need to adapt to new technologies and ways of living. We have to be aware that our cities are in constant change and development, and that their future relies on how able they are at adapting. In order to adapt, urbanism needs to step back and analyze the existing city structure, to improve it and create a more flexible environment that will adjust to the next century. The objective of this thesis is to propose a strategy that enhances sustainable development and meets the needs of today by opening a path to the future. Sustainable development is the kind of development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs.1 Change is occurring - society is willing to connect with the city and therefore the city must connect back. It should be the playground of young and not so young people. It is in our hands to transform the built environment and create spaces of relation in society. 1 Definition coined in the Brundtland Commission of 1972. xv However, what is really needed is to fix, re-activate, remodel and improve the existing metropolis that we already have. The objective of the thesis is to investigate the urban model of a city and how this can address the present but at the same time is flexible enough to shape the future. Opposites exist and, by definition, there is a strong connection between them. In this research I will work towards a hybrid condition of society. Why do we need to have the opposites separated? Can we bring them together, make them work and interact but at the same time maintain their identity? Can nature influence the metropolis without causing it to lose the density that characterizes it? To investigate this and find answers to the continuous evolution of society, the first studio will concentrate on the Retreat, what it is and how it works. This research will provide an abstraction of nature and Retreat in its pure simple form. I will use this abstraction by applying it to the built environment and using it to analyze and shape the metropolis. I will also observe what changes occur in the basic relationships of society. Many questions arise when an architect gets into the topic of the future city. What kind of people and cities do we want? What will make us experience the difference that we are searching for? How can public spaces be used for people to meet and connect and for culture to grow? What is the difference between metropolis and nature? These questions will guide the projects to find a coherent strategy that could be applied to different metropolitan sceneries. The first field of study proposed is designing with nature. The environment in Colorado around Camp of Arts Perry Mansfield is mostly wild. Here I will see how design xvi responds to the nature around it. How do we bring an urbanized sense to the landscape in order to enhance the feelings we have in it? The second field of study of the thesis addresses the urban tissue of Woodlawn (a neighborhood in Chicago), the existing metropolis, how it is moving towards the future, and creating a bond between environment and metropolis. In this section of the thesis, I will introduce nature as a tool for the development of the city. What are architects and urbanists working on to reshape the built environment, and how do we make spatial conditions where we will experience more diverse stages? I want to create a hybrid stage where natural and urban elements work together, a space for interaction in society, and having retreat and metropolis in the same place. The ´Desires of the City´ will be a strategy that looks into a series of aspects that involve the urban development. Focusing in what the users need and want, and creating a community sense between the neighbors. The aspect of controlling energy and sustainable projects that deal with communication and infrastructures of the neighborhood. In the programmatic side, providing a strategy of one space that hosts different activities, with a variety of cultural and social equipment. I will introduce a designed landscape that will work as the extra layer that we are missing in the urbanism of today. Landscape will be the infrastructure of the neighborhoods, introducing the concept of semi-private ownership in the metropolis. Questioning the actual ownership of the ground and transforming vacant land into options and opportunities, one of the fundamental assertions of the projects is the necessity of community action and engagement. In order to make an impact, society has to be involved xvii in the process. This new landscape infrastructure is where action happens and will spark the beginning of a new urbanism that is characterized by flexibility and where future changes in society are an asset and not an issue. This new residential model is sensible and will respond to the desires of the users.
M.S. in Architecture, July 2014
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Title: Architectural Considerations for Lunar Long Duration Habitat
Creator: Bahrami, Payam
Date: 2011-07, 2011-07
Description: The future of space exploration science and technology is expected to move toward long duration missions. During this long duration missions...
Show moreThe future of space exploration science and technology is expected to move toward long duration missions. During this long duration missions the most important factor to success will be the habitation system, the place that crew will live and work. The broad range of future space exploration, new advances in technology and increasing demand for space travel and space tourism will create great opportunities for architects to use their special abilities and skills in the realm of space. The lunar habitat is defined as a multidisciplinary task and cannot be considered an independent project from the main module. Therefore, habitability will become the most important aspect of future human exploration. A successful design strategy should integrate architecture, structure and other disciplines and should bring in elements such as psychological and physiological factors, human interfaces, and privacy. The current research provides “Habitat Architectural Design System (HADS)” in order to evaluate lunar habitat concepts based on habitability, functional optimization, and human factors. HADS helps to promote parametric studied and evaluation of habitat concepts. It will provide a guideline dependent upon mission objectives to standardize architectural needs within the engineering applications and scientific demands. The significance of this research is the process of developing lunar habitat concepts using an architectural system to evaluate the quality of each concept via habitability aspects. This process can be employed during the early stage of design development and is flexible enough to be adjusted by different parameters according to the objectives of lunar mission, limitations, and cost. It also emphasizes the importance of architecture involvement in space projects, especially habitats.
Ph.D. in Architecture, July 2011
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Title: HOUSING 2.0: A COLLABORATIVE PLATFORM FOR THE DESIGN OF MASS HOUSING THROUGH DIGITAL ENVIRONMENTS, NEW MEDIA, AND DESIGN FRAMEWORKS
Creator: Pollard, David P.
Date: 2011-07-18, 2011-07
Description: The role of the architect as master-builder has been severely eroded, especially in the single-family housing industry. Although other...
Show moreThe role of the architect as master-builder has been severely eroded, especially in the single-family housing industry. Although other professions have embraced the tremendous advances in technology, the architectural profession has regressed. Historically the architect has been an innovation pioneer. Early in the twentieth century architects had a broad, innovative role. Architects rethought the design process, construction methods, fabrication processes, structural, and engineering systems. Now in the twenty-first century, however, the majority of architects have little to no influence on the latter four; and the design process, the one aspect the architect still controls, has remained stagnant. This thesis examines the available technologies being championed by parallel industries, compares the advantages and disadvantages of innovation implementation in the design field, and proposes a solution for the architect to regain control as master-builder of single-family homes through new media concepts. With an architectural implementation of a web-based, collaborative design and construction alliance, consumers have access to choice, quality, and information when purchasing a new home. It is proposed that affordable architect-designed housing choices be delivered through architectural design systems. These systems allow controlled customization of architectural designs, all while delivering real time cost data and building simulation. The result of this study is an open design system led by the architect that allows homebuyers access to affordable quality design, transparency in costs, and an alternative choice in purchasing a new home.
M.S. in Architecture, July 2011
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Title: THE CITY AS A DIGITAL PUBLIC SPACE: DATA-DRIVEN DESIGN AS A SOCIAL LINK
Creator: Shabehpour Setork, Pegah
Date: 2016, 2016-12
Description: We live in an age of instant communication, rapid transportation, and smartphones; an age where the answer to a question can be prompted...
Show moreWe live in an age of instant communication, rapid transportation, and smartphones; an age where the answer to a question can be prompted through voice command. With today’s unparalleled increase in digital information, big data is continuously adapting and developing our society with the support of emerging technologies. This has led to the rise and growth of our virtual communities as communication is primarily done through social media networks. The demise of our physical communities has reduced social interaction within the built environment. Despite this forward thinking and the ability to translate big data into architectural solutions, our urban environments have yet to reflect this. Patterns of human interaction within our cities can be transformed by incorporating and visualizing big data within public infrastructure. As a result, the architectural design process is due for an update. This research project explores the use of a high-speed rail station as a hybrid space for virtual and physical communities by providing an interface for users to interact with data streamed in real-time. With the use of data-driven design, new social links are formed and powered by technology as the city becomes a digital public space.
M.S. in Architecture, December 2016
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Title: OPTIMIZING THE PERFORMANCE OF BUILDING ENVELOPE FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY CONSIDERING ADAPTIVE THERMAL COMFORT: A CASE OF TROPICAL CLIMATE IN DHAKA
Creator: Rahman, Anisur
Date: 2014, 2014-05
Description: As demand for fossil fuel increases and availability decreases, energy consumption reduction in building becomes critical component of a city...
Show moreAs demand for fossil fuel increases and availability decreases, energy consumption reduction in building becomes critical component of a city’s comprehensive energy strategy. The performance of a building’s envelope is pivotal to the energy consumption of office buildings and it must mediate between external climate conditions and people’s comfort. By optimizing a buildings envelope, the heat gain or loss of a building can be manipulated and it can reduce energy consumption. In Dhaka, a widespread desire for office building with glazing areas far greater than the percentage required achieving comfortable thermal and light levels, with high solar transmittance, is directly at odds with the need to curb cooling-related energy use. When addressing energy efficiency in a building, it is necessary to account for local climate first and foremost to define the thermal comfort condition. This determines the energy demand and consumption. Passive cooling and natural ventilation, when combined with appropriate window ratios and sun shading strategies, can reduce mechanical system energy demands significantly. This research presents a workflow that integrates adaptive thermal comfort, natural ventilation and envelope optimization to develop a pre-policy statement as a guideline for energy efficient office buildings in Dhaka, Bangladesh. First, a common practice baseline model was developed from data collected from energy audits to gain a clear understanding of the energy consumption in typical existing office buildings in Dhaka. Adaptive Comfort Algorithms from EN15251 and ASHRAE 55 were used to calculate variable set-points related to running mean and monthly mean xv of the outdoor temperature respectively. Variable set-points have been used in EnergyPlus AirflowNetwork to determine the potential energy saving of adaptive comfort control strategy of HVAC equipment and for encouraging natural ventilation envelope strategies to create comfortable indoor environment in the local climatic context of Dhaka. A method of envelope optimization was developed by combining an optimization tool with a building energy simulation tool to determine the optimum solution for improving building envelope performance. GenOpt, a generic optimization program, has been coupled with EnergyPlus for this optimization. Then, the values of envelope and glazing parameters for optimum energy performance were determined using this automatic optimization method. The reduction of a building’s energy consumption was also addressed with regards to capital and operational costs. An economic analysis was performed to establish a correlation between energy saving and capital cost increase associated with the energy-efficient envelope measures. This research shows that significant reductions in energy consumption are possible with the application of fundamental, but not complicated, changes to local building codes and establishment of a comprehensive energy conservation code. This reduction could be even greater if inhabitant behavior can be changed, if users start to take more responsibility for their interaction directly with a building’s envelope and systems to have some degree of control over daily comfort. Technology and design innovations should be utilized for adaptive threshold of appropriate, responsive architecture.
PH.D in Architecture, May 2014
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Title: EVALUATION OF TALL OFFICE BUILDING FORM TO ENHANCE WIND ENERGY PRODUCTION IN BUILDING INTEGRATED WIND TURBINE, A PERFORMANCE BASED APPROACH FOR EARLY DESIGN STAGE
Creator: Abdolhossein Pour, Farid
Date: 2014, 2014-12
Description: A newly emerging way to promote sustainability in the built environment is through the incorporation of wind power within buildings, resulting...
Show moreA newly emerging way to promote sustainability in the built environment is through the incorporation of wind power within buildings, resulting in minimum transmission losses (distributed generation). However, the effectiveness of the proposed solutions are seriously dependent on early integration with the architectural design process. Wind power is considered a potential renewable energy source in tall buildings due to the possibility of accessing greater wind velocities at higher altitudes. In addition, airflow patterns around buildings are considerably influenced by a buildings’ geometric characteristics. Hypothetically, proper modification of building form can turn this unstructured phenomenon in to a massive concentrator effect, capable of boosting power production in tall buildings with an integrated wind turbine (BIWT). These aerodynamic modifications are typically evaluated via CFD simulation or wind tunnel testing. However, these methods are too expensive and time-consuming to analyze all annual fluctuations of local wind regimes (velocity, direction, and density) and is therefore inappropriate for use in early design stages when architectural concepts quickly evolve. As a result, existing wind analysis techniques are often used under simplified conditions (steady state analysis, single velocity, and angle). This approach simply disregards the wide variety of other criteria influencing “BIWT annual energy output” including fluctuations of local wind regimes, and surrounding urban terrain roughness. This research seeks to address the issues indicated above, and proposes a performance based parametric design tool, primarily for the early design stages when architectural concepts evolve rapidly. The automated output delivers real time assessment of BIWT potential energy enhancement for each alternation of the concept, as well as analysis of multiple BIWT typologies simultaneously. The parametric tool employs hourly weather data, different terrain condition mathematical models, and two databases of CFD measurements to approximate annual energy enhancement as result of BIWT geometrical transformations. The tool develops a decision mechanism to find the best BIWT typology and optimum angle, based on the long-term local climatic trends and adjacent terrain context. The outcome of this dissertation is an automated parametric tool which addresses all above indicated difficulties associated with incorporation of current wind analysis method and the architectural design process of BIWT.
Ph.D. in Architecture, December 2014
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Title: YAMUNA RIVER CITY: SUSTAINABLE NEW CITY NEW DELHI, INDIA
Creator: Aggarwal, Sakshi
Date: 2013, 2013-07
Description: The aim of this thesis is to design a sustainable city prototype with a new approach for a 100,000 residents in Delhi , India .This will give...
Show moreThe aim of this thesis is to design a sustainable city prototype with a new approach for a 100,000 residents in Delhi , India .This will give the ‘Delhiites‘ ( as we love to call ourselves ) a chance to live on the water body in a sustainable environment. To create this sustainable environment, the first challenge was to understand the site conditions, followed with the issues on the site, concept of developing new cities, reinforcing old sustainable technologies, and merging with new technologies for a better environmental, social and economic balance. Being on a flood plain, Delhi’s beautiful Yamuna river bed, was never built before, may be ignoring the fact that structure engineering has done some marvels in the past. Thus, I took up this challenge of building a city prototype here. It is hopeful that the design, ideas and process could also be a framework to be applied on other undeveloped land for new cities particularly in India and helps us to provide the solution for any foreseen problems in city development beforehand.
M.S. in Architecture, July 2013
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