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- Title
- THERMAL PROCESSING TO MITIGATE ARSENIC CONTENT IN NORTH AMERICAN RICE: TOTAL, SPECIATED ARSENIC AND NUTRIENT EVALUATION
- Creator
- Zhao, Pengyi
- Date
- 2015, 2015-05
- Description
-
Arsenic in the food supply has been a concern since public news reports in 2011 of the detection of arsenic in apple juice. Food and Drug...
Show moreArsenic in the food supply has been a concern since public news reports in 2011 of the detection of arsenic in apple juice. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) work on this issue has proposed a guidance for no more than 10 ppb of inorganic arsenic in apple juice. More recently rice harvested from the southern states of the United States is of concern of the arsenic content. Arsenic levels in rice have been attributed to the natural levels of arsenic in the soil and the farming practices used to grow rice. FDA released data that showed inorganic arsenic amounts in long grain white rice between 70 and 150 ppb. This work presents a process through washing/ rinsing to reduce the arsenic levels in prepared/cooked rice. Four different rice materials were obtained from Mississippi, Arkansas, Texas and Louisiana. Different processing methods such as common cooking, washing and cooking, excess water cooking, were used to prepare the rice. The common cooking method cooked the rice in a 2:1 (water : rice) ratio. The washing and cooking method rinsed a batch of rice with a 2:1 (water : rice) ratio at first, and then poured off wash water and added new water to cook rice in a 2:1 (water : rice) ratio. The excess water cooking method cooked the rice in excess water of a ratio of 4:1 (water : rice) and the excess water was removed after cooking. Controls of raw rice samples were also evaluated. The common cooked rice showed variable to no difference (-13.9% to 14.9%) from the raw control in arsenic retention. The washed and cooked rice showed a 9.8% to 36.8% reduction of arsenic from the control. The excess water cooked rice showed the greatest reduction of arsenic from 39.1% to 65.5% compared to the control. The species of arsenic mimic the total arsenic loss. There is a visible trend for reduction of arsenic content by washing, but the most reduction was achieved by cooking rice with an excess volume of water.
M.S. in Food Safety and Technology, May 2015
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- Title
- The titration of iron by potassium permanganate
- Creator
- Finkelstein, Leo
- Date
- 2009, 1914
- Publisher
- Armour Institute of Technology
- Description
-
http://www.archive.org/details/titrationofironb00fink
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology
- Title
- APPROACHES TO QUANTIFY AND COMPARE THE THERMAL STABILITY OF FOOD ALLERGENS
- Creator
- Meng Xu
- Date
- 2013-04-24, 2013-05
- Description
-
Stability to heat or other food processing conditions has been suggested as one of the characteristics of food allergens, however there is in...
Show moreStability to heat or other food processing conditions has been suggested as one of the characteristics of food allergens, however there is in general a lack of standardized approach to determine or compare the thermal stabilities of food allergens. This study evaluated the use of several analytical tools including the BCA total protein assay, Far-UV Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and inhibition ELISA assays to study the changes in the structural and immunological properties of major allergens as a result of heat treatments, and identified parameters that can be used to quantify and compare the thermal stability of food allergens. Purified allergens from milk, egg, and almond were subjected to moist-heat or dry-heat treatments and changes in protein solubility, IC50 values and thermodynamic properties of each protein were determined. It was found that high transition temperature (Tm) was closely related to a greater resistance to changes in immunological properties after heat treatments, suggesting that it can be a good parameter to quantify and compare the thermal stability of different food allergens.
M.S. in Food Safety and Technology, May 2013
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- Title
- NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF CURVATURE WEAKENING MODEL OF REACTIVE HELE-SHAW FLOW
- Creator
- Zhao, Meng
- Date
- 2013, 2013-12
- Description
-
In this paper, we study a moving interface problem in a Hele-Shaw cell, where two immiscible reactive fluids meet at the interface and...
Show moreIn this paper, we study a moving interface problem in a Hele-Shaw cell, where two immiscible reactive fluids meet at the interface and initiate chemical reactions. A new gel-like phase is produced at the interface and may modify the elastic bending property there. We model the interface as an elastic membrane with a local curva- ture dependent bending rigidity. In the first part of this paper, we review the linear stability analysis on a curvature weakening model, and derive critical flux conditions such that a Hele-Shaw bubble can develop unstable fingering pattern and self-similar morphology. In the second part of this report, we develop a boundary integral nu- merical algorithm to perform nonlinear simulations. Preliminary numerical results show that in the nonlinear regime, there also exist stable self-similar solutions.
M.S. in Applied Mathematics, December 2013
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- Title
- TRANSFER RATE OF NOROVIRUS DURING CHOPPING ROMAINE LETTUCE
- Creator
- Li, Mingming
- Date
- 2012-11-24, 2012-12
- Description
-
Human noroviruses (HuNoV) are the leading cause of outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis in the U.S., and are often implicated in...
Show moreHuman noroviruses (HuNoV) are the leading cause of outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis in the U.S., and are often implicated in outbreaks associated with ready-to-eat foods, such as salads. Such foods may be extensively handled, and norovirus may be transferred readily between infected food handlers and food surfaces. The aim of this study was to investigate norovirus transfer between surfaces and romaine lettuce which were commonly used in the preparation of fresh food. Fresh Romaine lettuce was cut into 25cm2 pieces and inoculated with 25 μl (approx. 7-log PFU) murine norovirus (MNV-1) per leaf. After 10 min air-drying, 5 g piles of inoculated leaves were cut with a sterile stainless steel knife on a sterile cutting board. Sampling sponges soaked in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Media (DMEM) were used to swab blade and board surfaces for MNV-1 transferred from lettuce. In some cases, fresh, uninoculated Romaine lettuce was chopped using the contaminated knife and board. MNV-1 transferred to the chopped lettuce was recovered by stomaching in DMEM and enumerated by plaque assay. MNV-1 transfer was lower from contaminated lettuce to cutting board (p<0.05) than that from a contaminated cutting board to lettuce. This same trend was observed between a stainless steel knife and lettuce. The MNV-1 transfer coefficient was lower when contaminated lettuce was chopped on a wood board (p<0.05) compared to a polyvinyl cutting board. Norovirus transfers readily between surfaces common in the preparation of fresh produce preparation, but the transfer coefficient appears to be dependent on the surface type. This research provides the scientific basis for the development of a risk assessment model for norovirus transfer during the fresh food preparation.
M.S. in Food Safety and Technology, December 2012
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- Title
- MODELING OF A DCFC ANODE IN CONNECTION WITH THE EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE WETTING BEHAVIOR OF A GRAPHIC ROD IN MOLTEN CARBONATE
- Creator
- Li, Yue
- Date
- 2013, 2013-12
- Description
-
Not available
M.S. in Civil Engineering, July 2013
- Title
- THE EVALUATION OF THERMAL INACTIVATION OF COXIELLA BURNETII NINE MILE PHASE II IN BOVINE AND NON-BOVINE MILKS BY MOST PROBABLE NUMBER-POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (MPN-PCR) ASSAY
- Creator
- Zhang, Cheng
- Date
- 2016, 2016-05
- Description
-
As non-bovine milks become popular for human consumption, ensuring that standard bovine milk pasteurization conditions provide enough...
Show moreAs non-bovine milks become popular for human consumption, ensuring that standard bovine milk pasteurization conditions provide enough treatment for non-bovine milks is significant for food safety. Coxiella burnetii, an obligate intracellular bacterium, has been used as the reference microorganism for defining milk pasteurization conditions. To evaluate C. burnetii thermal inactivation in bovine and non-bovine milks at commercial pasteurization temperature, an MPN-PCR assay was developed to quantitate viable C. burnetii in milk. Using this assay, the thermal inactivation of C. burnetii and a potential nonpathogenic surrogate, Micrococcus luteus, was tested in bovine, buffalo, camel and goat milks. Milk in sealed glass vials was pre-heated in a water bath at 72°C and inoculated via a syringe with C. burnetii and M. luteus at a final concentration of ~6.5 log10 ge/mL (CFU/mL) each. The inoculated milk was heat-treated at 72°C for up to 16 sec, cooled in a crushed ice bath and serially diluted. Viable M. luteus was quantitated by plating on BHIA plates. For C. burnetii detection, 1 mL of each dilution was inoculated into 9 mL Acidified Citrate Cysteine Medium-2 (ACCM-2) in triplicate T-25 flasks to produce a 3- flask Most Probable Number (MPN) assay. Viability of C. burnetii was considered positive if an increase of ≥0.5 log10 ge/mL was detected by qPCR after 14 d growth in ACCM-2 media. The numbers of positive flasks at each dilution were used to calculate the remaining viable C. burnetii by MPN method. The average D-values for 72°C inactivation were 1.99 ± 0.21 sec, 0.79 ± 0.28 sec, 1.43 ± 0.30 sec, and 2.06 ± 0.71 sec for C. burnetii, and 5.47 ± 0.94 sec, 3.65 ± 0.45 sec, 3.48 ± 0.83 sec and 5.34 ± 1.54 sec for M. luteus in bovine, buffalo, camel and goat milks, respectively. For C. burnetii, D-values in camel and goat milks were not significantly different (p>0.05) from bovine milk, but the D-value in buffalo milk was significantly lower (p<0.05). These results indicate that non-bovine milks may not be a safety concern under standard milk pasteurization conditions, and M. luteus could be a good surrogate for C. burnetii thermal inactivation in milk.
M.S. in Food Safety and Technology, May 2016
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- Title
- FLOW DISTRIBUTION AND TURBULENCE CHARACTERISTICS IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENT
- Creator
- Goudarzi, Sepehr Aboutorabi
- Date
- 2014, 2014-12
- Description
-
The amount of the urban flow studies has been excessively increased during past decade. Pollutant dispersion quality has been the main...
Show moreThe amount of the urban flow studies has been excessively increased during past decade. Pollutant dispersion quality has been the main motivation in these investigations. Besides, a more recent goal is to provide a spatial map of the flow distribution which can be used for micro aerial vehicles (MAV) flight control. These all have developed advanced methodologies in both computational and experimental researches. In this study flow distribution and characteristics are investigated in a 7×5 urban array model (blocks are representing buildings) in a low-speed wind tunnel. Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) is employed as the velocimetry method to acquire three-dimensional velocity filed in the three-dimensional region of street areas. A large amount of SPIV data was acquired in four consecutive streets for four wind incidence angle. The evolution of the three-dimensional coherent structures is investigated. Also, flow characteristics are studied using parameters such as mean velocity, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), vorticity magnitude and Reynolds stress tensor components. All flow characteristics are studied in four consecutive streets of the array. Also, the effects of the wind direction on the flow characteristics and arch vortex location are studied. A valuable achievement of this study is to suggest a method to find the location of the arch vortex legs, and find the angle between the arch horizontal axis with the spanwise direction (𝜑). It is shown that this angle is increasing significantly in variation of angle of incidence (AOI) in the range of 𝐴𝑂𝐼=0° to 𝐴𝑂𝐼=15°. The rate of increment of 𝜑 is much slower between 𝐴𝑂𝐼=15° and 𝐴𝑂𝐼=30° but the 𝜑 range is still greater than AOI. Existence of geometrical symmetry in 𝐴𝑂𝐼=0° case, brings unique features for this condition such as zero spanwise flow velocity in streets.. Increasing AOI to higher magnitudes will cause severe change in flow distribution and turbulence level, in the sense that turbulence intensity starts to impoverish.
M.S. in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, December 2014
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- Title
- ANTENNA LOCATION DESIGN IN DOWNLINK DISTRIBUTED ANTENNA SYSTEM
- Creator
- Zhang, Peng
- Date
- 2015, 2015-07
- Description
-
In recent years, Wireless cellular network design with distributed antenna system (DAS) has received much attention for its ability to extend...
Show moreIn recent years, Wireless cellular network design with distributed antenna system (DAS) has received much attention for its ability to extend the cell coverage, improve spectral efficiency and increase the system capacity. Instead of locating all antennas at the cell center in the centralized antenna systems (CAS), distributed antenna basements in the DAS are separated geographically, which has been wide implemented to cover the dead spots and improve the system efficiency in wireless communication systems The mainly purpose of this research is to find optimal antenna locations that maximize the cell average ergodic capacity for the distributed-antenna system in downlink applied condition. Squared distance criterion (SDC) will be considered to offer an object function to maximize the lower bound of the cell average ergodic capacity. Existed analyses for location design in distributed antenna system are based on the uniform distribution without considering other cell interference. Considering other cell interference, I derive the analytical antenna location position for the infinite uniform distribution linear cell. For multi-cell applied condition implementation, I get reasonable locations of the applied condition by applying K-means algorithm to generating the initial values and find the optimal location. In order to solve the multi-cell scenario considering other-cell interference, I change the existed algorithm and simulation results show the performance of the obtained antenna location with changed algorithm offer a higher performance than the original one. I propose a circle initial setup to generate the initial points for relative location and converge fitting. The simulation has showed the initial setup I proposed significant reduce the computation in the antenna location design in applied downlink scenario.
M.S. in Electrical Engineering, July 2015
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- Title
- A study of water distribution from automatic sprinklers
- Creator
- Schmidt, J. L., Alling, C. R
- Date
- 2009, 1907
- Publisher
- Armour Institute of Technology
- Description
-
http://www.archive.org/details/studyofwaterdist00schm
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology, 1907 B. S. in Fire Protection Engineering,...
Show morehttp://www.archive.org/details/studyofwaterdist00schm
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology, 1907 B. S. in Fire Protection Engineering, 1907
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- Title
- A system of automatic train control
- Creator
- Morgan, Charles Woodward
- Date
- 2009, 1911
- Publisher
- Armour Institute of Technology
- Description
-
http://www.archive.org/details/systemofautomati00morg
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology, 1911 Includes bibliographical references...
Show morehttp://www.archive.org/details/systemofautomati00morg
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology, 1911 Includes bibliographical references and index B.S. in Mechanical Engineering, 1911
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- Title
- The synthetic manufacture of phenol
- Creator
- Parrot, Raymond D.
- Date
- 2009, 1919
- Publisher
- Armour Institute of Technology
- Description
-
http://www.archive.org/details/syntheticmanufac00parr
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology
- Title
- THERMAL AND FLUID FLOW FEASIBILITY STUDY OF A CIRCULAR COUETTE FLOW REACTOR VIA PLANAR LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE IMAGING
- Creator
- Bittner, Peter R.
- Date
- 2012-04-28, 2012-05
- Description
-
Liquid fueled microcombustors face many challenges in their development, the most prominent being high temperature gradients and radiative...
Show moreLiquid fueled microcombustors face many challenges in their development, the most prominent being high temperature gradients and radiative effects. Because the walls of microcombustors are thin, they offer very little resistance to conductive heat transfer, regardless of the materials used. This can cause very high heat losses that lead to large temperature gradients in the gas compared to nearly uniform temperatures inside conventional combustion chambers. In this investigation a circular Couette flow reactor (CCFR) and planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF) are used to examine the feasibility of studying vapor distributions of a monodisperse acetone droplet stream, formed by a vibrating orifice aerosol generator (VOAG), exposed to combinations of varying velocity gradients, temperature gradients and radiant heating. The acetone droplets are injected through various ports on the CCFR to vary the time for vaporization of the droplets inside the reactor. Initial results of the operating CCFR uses acetone droplets seeded into the test section to demonstrate the fluorescence of the liquid and vapor acetone within the test section.
M.S. in Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace Engineering, May 2012
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- Title
- EFFECTIVENESS OF CLEANING REGIMENS FOR REMOVING PEANUT, MILK AND EGG RESIDUE FROM PILOT-SCALE CEREAL BAR AND MUFFIN PROCESSING LINES
- Creator
- Zhang, Xi
- Date
- 2014, 2014-07
- Description
-
Allergen cross-contact can be caused by inadequate cleaning of shared processing equipment. The objectives of this project were to evaluate...
Show moreAllergen cross-contact can be caused by inadequate cleaning of shared processing equipment. The objectives of this project were to evaluate the effectiveness of cleaning regimens on removing allergenic food residue from a pilot-scale cereal bar and muffin processing lines and measure the levels of allergens (peanut, milk and egg) transferred into allergen-free (control) cereal bars and muffins processed on an inadequately cleaned processing line. Another object was to investigate the analytical methods used (conventional ATP, sensitive ATP, total protein and lateral flow) to evaluate the effectiveness of allergen cleaning procedures. Cereal bars and muffins containing peanut flour, nonfat dry milk and egg powder (1000 or 5000 g/g for cereal bar and 100 or 5000 g/g for muffin) were manufactured on a pilot-scale processing line followed by one of four cleaning regimens: 1) push-through with control cereal bar dough or muffin batter, 2) scraping the equipment surfaces with rubber scrapers, 3) a rinse with hot (54-60°C) water until “visibly clean” and 4) a full cleaning cycle with alkaline detergent followed by use of a sanitizer. The adequacy of the cleaning treatments was assessed by swabbing locations (3 swabs/location) on the processing lines (cereal bar: mixer, depositor, conveyor belt; muffin: mixer, depositor, nozzle) followed by analysis of swabs with peanut-, milk-, and egg-specific lateral flow devices (LFDs). The cereal bar crosscontact study involved obtaining samples of the sheeted control dough transferred over the conveyor belt at 2 min intervals over a 30 min time span, or after approximately 100 kg of cereal bar dough was processed over the line previously contaminated with 5000 g/g allergen-incurred cereal bars. Similarly, allergen cross-contact from the contaminated muffin processing line into control muffins was measured by collecting xi 750g of control muffin batter until a total of 36 kg of batter were deposited. This was followed by allergen analysis of cereal bar and muffin samples (before and after baking) using quantitative ELISA kits. Results of LFD tests indicated that hot water rinse was effective for cereal bar processing line but not for the muffin line. Only the full cleaning cycle was effective at removing allergenic food residues for both processing lines. During the cross-contact study, substantial levels of peanut, milk and egg were detected in samples obtained both before and after baking. Cereal bar dough produced on the contaminated lines contained up to 71.9 ± 48.9 μg/g egg, 23.3 ± 1.3 μg/g milk, and 5.0 ± 0.4 μg/g peanut and as high as 2929.7 ± 98.8 μg/g egg, 1894.9 ± 87.7 μg/g milk, and 193.2 ± 20.6 μg/g peanut in muffin batter. Overall, these results illustrate the importance of validated cleaning protocols for preventing allergen cross-contact on shared processing lines.
M.S. in Food Safety and Technology, July 2014
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- Title
- A study of a suction gas producer
- Creator
- Hoffman, Balthasar
- Date
- 2009, 1907
- Publisher
- Armour Institute of Technology
- Description
-
http://www.archive.org/details/studyofsuctionga00hoff
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology
- Title
- AN ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MACHINE WITH HIGHER NUMBER OF ROTOR POLES
- Creator
- Jia, Yijiang
- Date
- 2012-05-08, 2012-05
- Description
-
With growing interest in renewable energy technology and hybrid electric vehi- cle systems owing to environmental concerns and depleting...
Show moreWith growing interest in renewable energy technology and hybrid electric vehi- cle systems owing to environmental concerns and depleting fossil fuel reserves, electric machines have received widespread attention as a key component in the successful im- plementation of high efficiency drives. Towards this goal, the last two years have seen a significant increase in research in permanent magnet-alternative machine topologies. This has primarily been because of growing concerns over foreign dependence for rare- earth materials and a dramatic increase in the cost of permanent magnets. Switched Reluctance Machine (SRM) has been one of the leading contenders in this category. It does not require any permanent magnets, and is very suitable for operation in harsh operating environments. Furthermore, this machine has simple construction and is highly fault-tolerant with one of the widest operating speed ranges. Nowadays, it has found wide application in the automotive, aerospace as well as domestic area. How- ever conventional SRM suffers from modeling complexity and torque ripple during the phase commutation with the same origin. Using the novel PD formula proposed at the Illinois Institute of Technology, a new family of machines has been developed with a significant improvement in torque ripple. Owing to its novel configuration, analytical models for the design of advanced driver system design have also not been developed. In this study, an analytical model for the novel 6/10 SRM has been proposed. The machine model is characterized using an inductance model utilizing truncated Fourier series as well as multi-order polynomial curve-fitting algorithm. The induc- tance model is extended to back-EMF and electromagnetic torque models on purpose of obtaining the whole information for every single operating point of the machine during dynamic operation. The effectiveness of the proposed concept has analyzed for a prototype machine in the laboratory and verified using Finite Element Analysis. From this study, an algorithm has been proposed to develop the analytical model for the family of SRMs with higher number of rotor poles.
M.S. in Electrical Engineering, May 2012
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- Title
- Washington Park Center for Improvisational Music
- Creator
- White, Kellen
- Date
- 2010-07-30
- Title
- GROWTH, INACTIVATION, AND SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLA ON SESAME SEEDS DURING TAHINI PROCESSING AND REFRIGERATED STORAGE OF TAHINI
- Creator
- Zhang, Yangjunna
- Date
- 2016, 2016-05
- Description
-
Salmonella can survive for long period of time in low-moisture foods and cause human illness after consumption of contaminated foods. Recently...
Show moreSalmonella can survive for long period of time in low-moisture foods and cause human illness after consumption of contaminated foods. Recently, sesame seeds and tahini (sesame seeds pasta), have been identified as unusual sources of salmonellosis. Controlling specific steps during tahini processing and storage of tahini may minimize the risk of Salmonella contamination. This study examined the fate of Salmonella in different steps of tahini processing and refrigerated storage of tahini. A four serovar cocktail of Salmonella was used for inoculation of sesame seeds and tahini. Bacterial populations were determined by aerobic plate counts on both selective and non-selective media. Water activity of samples was determined during processing and storage. For the soaking step during tahini processing, unhulled dry sesame seeds with aw of 0.1 were inoculated with Salmonella, held 24 h, and then soaked in water at ambient temperature. Populations were monitored at 0, 18, 22 and 24 h. Salmonella decreased by 2 - 3-log CFU/g during drying and then increased by 5 log CFU/g after rehydration. Separately, inoculated de-hulled seeds with two different initial aw were roasted at three different temperatures (95, 110, and 130 ºC) for 90 min. Both the Salmonella populations and aw were determined at 10 min intervals during roasting. Finally, inoculated sesame seeds were processed into tahini. As a comparison, the same quantity of uninoculated roasted sesame seeds were processed into tahini, and then inoculated post-processing. Tahini was stored at 4 ºC for 17 weeks. Approximately 8 log CFU/g of Salmonella was detected initially in the sesame seeds prior to roasting with a 1-log CFU/g reduction after 20 min at 95 ºC when the aw of seeds decreased quickly. For different roasting temperatures, the aw declined much faster and stopped decreasing during roasting, while populations continue decreasing throughout the whole roasting. To investigate survival of Salmonella during refrigerated storage of tahini, approximately 9 log CFU/g of Salmonella was inoculated onto sesame seeds or into processed tahini without significant reduction throughout 17 weeks (p > 0.05). These results suggest that Salmonella contamination can be an issue at any step of tahini manufacture.
M.S. in Food Safety and Technology, May 2016
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- Title
- Elementary Charter School: Renovation and Addition
- Creator
- Hutchison, William
- Date
- 2010-07-29
- Title
- PERINATAL PHOTOPERIOD AND LATITUDE AS PREDICTORS OF REACTION TO CHRONOBIOLOGICAL STRESS
- Creator
- Antler, Caroline A.
- Date
- 2013-04-24, 2013-05
- Description
-
The present study explored the possible roles of perinatal photoperiod and latitude as predictors of later reaction to chronobiological stress...
Show moreThe present study explored the possible roles of perinatal photoperiod and latitude as predictors of later reaction to chronobiological stress, specifically the experience of winter in Chicago (41.89°N). Participants consisted of new undergraduate and graduate students at a technological university in Chicago, Illinois (N = 64 - 76). The sample was 62% male, ranged in age from 18 to 38 years (M = 22.5, SD = 4.3), and was born mainly in North America and East/South Asia. The vegetative and cognitive/affective subscales of the Seasonal Assessment Form (SAF; Young et al., 2012) were completed by participants between February 7 and March 7, 2011. Results indicated that both perinatal photoperiod and latitude have a significant effect on vegetative but not cognitive symptom severity. A curvilinear relationship between perinatal photoperiod and winter vegetative symptom severity was displayed with optimal adjustment (minimum vegetative symptoms) occurring near LD 12:12. Attention should be paid to the stronger effect of latitude at birth over perinatal photoperiod on symptom severity. Implications, limitations, and future directions for research are discussed.
M.S. in Psychology, May 2013
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