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Title: EFFECTIVENESS OF CLEANING REGIMENS FOR REMOVING PEANUT, MILK AND EGG RESIDUE FROM PILOT-SCALE CEREAL BAR AND MUFFIN PROCESSING LINES
Creator: Zhang, Xi
Date: 2014, 2014-07
Description: Allergen cross-contact can be caused by inadequate cleaning of shared processing equipment. The objectives of this project were to evaluate...
Show moreAllergen cross-contact can be caused by inadequate cleaning of shared processing equipment. The objectives of this project were to evaluate the effectiveness of cleaning regimens on removing allergenic food residue from a pilot-scale cereal bar and muffin processing lines and measure the levels of allergens (peanut, milk and egg) transferred into allergen-free (control) cereal bars and muffins processed on an inadequately cleaned processing line. Another object was to investigate the analytical methods used (conventional ATP, sensitive ATP, total protein and lateral flow) to evaluate the effectiveness of allergen cleaning procedures. Cereal bars and muffins containing peanut flour, nonfat dry milk and egg powder (1000 or 5000 􀈝g/g for cereal bar and 100 or 5000 􀈝g/g for muffin) were manufactured on a pilot-scale processing line followed by one of four cleaning regimens: 1) push-through with control cereal bar dough or muffin batter, 2) scraping the equipment surfaces with rubber scrapers, 3) a rinse with hot (54-60°C) water until “visibly clean” and 4) a full cleaning cycle with alkaline detergent followed by use of a sanitizer. The adequacy of the cleaning treatments was assessed by swabbing locations (3 swabs/location) on the processing lines (cereal bar: mixer, depositor, conveyor belt; muffin: mixer, depositor, nozzle) followed by analysis of swabs with peanut-, milk-, and egg-specific lateral flow devices (LFDs). The cereal bar crosscontact study involved obtaining samples of the sheeted control dough transferred over the conveyor belt at 2 min intervals over a 30 min time span, or after approximately 100 kg of cereal bar dough was processed over the line previously contaminated with 5000 􀈝g/g allergen-incurred cereal bars. Similarly, allergen cross-contact from the contaminated muffin processing line into control muffins was measured by collecting xi 750g of control muffin batter until a total of 36 kg of batter were deposited. This was followed by allergen analysis of cereal bar and muffin samples (before and after baking) using quantitative ELISA kits. Results of LFD tests indicated that hot water rinse was effective for cereal bar processing line but not for the muffin line. Only the full cleaning cycle was effective at removing allergenic food residues for both processing lines. During the cross-contact study, substantial levels of peanut, milk and egg were detected in samples obtained both before and after baking. Cereal bar dough produced on the contaminated lines contained up to 71.9 ± 48.9 μg/g egg, 23.3 ± 1.3 μg/g milk, and 5.0 ± 0.4 μg/g peanut and as high as 2929.7 ± 98.8 μg/g egg, 1894.9 ± 87.7 μg/g milk, and 193.2 ± 20.6 μg/g peanut in muffin batter. Overall, these results illustrate the importance of validated cleaning protocols for preventing allergen cross-contact on shared processing lines.
M.S. in Food Safety and Technology, July 2014
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Title: A study of a suction gas producer
Creator: Hoffman, Balthasar
Date: 2009, 1907
Publisher: Armour Institute of Technology
Description: http://www.archive.org/details/studyofsuctionga00hoff
Thesis (B.S.)--Armour Institute of Technology

Title: Cohousing Dallas
Creator: Justin, Vaughan
Date: 2010-05-01, 2010-05-01
Description: 20 Households participated in the process of creating this Cohousing proposal. Cohousing is a type of collaborative housing in which residents...
Show more20 Households participated in the process of creating this Cohousing proposal. Cohousing is a type of collaborative housing in which residents actively participate in the design and operation of their own neighborhoods. The interactions with the participants included conversations and questionnaires aimed at bringing forth desired qualities of a residence and a larger community. The design proposal of this project attempts to reflect the individualities and shared qualities of its future cohabitants.
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Title: AN ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR SWITCHED RELUCTANCE MACHINE WITH HIGHER NUMBER OF ROTOR POLES
Creator: Jia, Yijiang
Date: 2012-05-08, 2012-05
Description: With growing interest in renewable energy technology and hybrid electric vehi- cle systems owing to environmental concerns and depleting...
Show moreWith growing interest in renewable energy technology and hybrid electric vehi- cle systems owing to environmental concerns and depleting fossil fuel reserves, electric machines have received widespread attention as a key component in the successful im- plementation of high efficiency drives. Towards this goal, the last two years have seen a significant increase in research in permanent magnet-alternative machine topologies. This has primarily been because of growing concerns over foreign dependence for rare- earth materials and a dramatic increase in the cost of permanent magnets. Switched Reluctance Machine (SRM) has been one of the leading contenders in this category. It does not require any permanent magnets, and is very suitable for operation in harsh operating environments. Furthermore, this machine has simple construction and is highly fault-tolerant with one of the widest operating speed ranges. Nowadays, it has found wide application in the automotive, aerospace as well as domestic area. How- ever conventional SRM suffers from modeling complexity and torque ripple during the phase commutation with the same origin. Using the novel PD formula proposed at the Illinois Institute of Technology, a new family of machines has been developed with a significant improvement in torque ripple. Owing to its novel configuration, analytical models for the design of advanced driver system design have also not been developed. In this study, an analytical model for the novel 6/10 SRM has been proposed. The machine model is characterized using an inductance model utilizing truncated Fourier series as well as multi-order polynomial curve-fitting algorithm. The induc- tance model is extended to back-EMF and electromagnetic torque models on purpose of obtaining the whole information for every single operating point of the machine during dynamic operation. The effectiveness of the proposed concept has analyzed for a prototype machine in the laboratory and verified using Finite Element Analysis. From this study, an algorithm has been proposed to develop the analytical model for the family of SRMs with higher number of rotor poles.
M.S. in Electrical Engineering, May 2012
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Title: Washington Park Center for Improvisational Music
Creator: White, Kellen
Date: 2010-07-30

Title: Power Measurement for Road Bicycles: Towards a Universal Solution (sequence unknown), IPRO 324 - Deliverables: IPRO 324 Midterm Presentation F09
Creator: Adrianzen, Luis, Allen, Ross, Antonio, Chris, Callan, Mark, Claxton, Sara, Diesse, Patrick, Gaylord, Matthew, Herbert, Greg, Shaffer, Dan, Wegrzyn, Celeste
Date: 2009-12
Description: The goal of the IPRO is to try to find an inexpensive, but accurate way of measuring the power output of a rider on a bicycle. Problems with...
Show moreThe goal of the IPRO is to try to find an inexpensive, but accurate way of measuring the power output of a rider on a bicycle. Problems with systems currently available are: some products are not compatible with all bike systems causing the need to purchase new parts, the cost of the available products is expensive, and some of the available measuring systems are not very accurate.
Deliverables for IPRO 324: Power Measurement for Road Bicycles: Towards a Universal Solution for the fall 2009 semester
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Title: GROWTH, INACTIVATION, AND SURVIVAL OF SALMONELLA ON SESAME SEEDS DURING TAHINI PROCESSING AND REFRIGERATED STORAGE OF TAHINI
Creator: Zhang, Yangjunna
Date: 2016, 2016-05
Description: Salmonella can survive for long period of time in low-moisture foods and cause human illness after consumption of contaminated foods. Recently...
Show moreSalmonella can survive for long period of time in low-moisture foods and cause human illness after consumption of contaminated foods. Recently, sesame seeds and tahini (sesame seeds pasta), have been identified as unusual sources of salmonellosis. Controlling specific steps during tahini processing and storage of tahini may minimize the risk of Salmonella contamination. This study examined the fate of Salmonella in different steps of tahini processing and refrigerated storage of tahini. A four serovar cocktail of Salmonella was used for inoculation of sesame seeds and tahini. Bacterial populations were determined by aerobic plate counts on both selective and non-selective media. Water activity of samples was determined during processing and storage. For the soaking step during tahini processing, unhulled dry sesame seeds with aw of 0.1 were inoculated with Salmonella, held 24 h, and then soaked in water at ambient temperature. Populations were monitored at 0, 18, 22 and 24 h. Salmonella decreased by 2 - 3-log CFU/g during drying and then increased by 5 log CFU/g after rehydration. Separately, inoculated de-hulled seeds with two different initial aw were roasted at three different temperatures (95, 110, and 130 ºC) for 90 min. Both the Salmonella populations and aw were determined at 10 min intervals during roasting. Finally, inoculated sesame seeds were processed into tahini. As a comparison, the same quantity of uninoculated roasted sesame seeds were processed into tahini, and then inoculated post-processing. Tahini was stored at 4 ºC for 17 weeks. Approximately 8 log CFU/g of Salmonella was detected initially in the sesame seeds prior to roasting with a 1-log CFU/g reduction after 20 min at 95 ºC when the aw of seeds decreased quickly. For different roasting temperatures, the aw declined much faster and stopped decreasing during roasting, while populations continue decreasing throughout the whole roasting. To investigate survival of Salmonella during refrigerated storage of tahini, approximately 9 log CFU/g of Salmonella was inoculated onto sesame seeds or into processed tahini without significant reduction throughout 17 weeks (p > 0.05). These results suggest that Salmonella contamination can be an issue at any step of tahini manufacture.
M.S. in Food Safety and Technology, May 2016
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Title: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF NATIVE AND EDITED DYSTROPHIN RODS
Creator: Sahni, Neha
Date: 2011-05-10, 2011-05
Description: The purpose of this study is to examine the biophysical properties of the rod region of the dystrophin protein. This is important due to the...
Show moreThe purpose of this study is to examine the biophysical properties of the rod region of the dystrophin protein. This is important due to the severity of the disease Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, (DMD), which is associated with the malfunction of this protein. DMD is one of the most serious single gene genetic defects of man. This rod region consists of a number of repeat motifs called spectrin type repeats or STRs. The thermodynamical and biochemical stability analysis shows, which single motifs are unstable on their own and which ones become more stable when linked to their appropriate tandem neighbors. This knowledge will impact strategies to produce modified mini dystrophins for gene therapy. Exon skipping therapy is an emerging approach to treat such genetic diseases. This is done by the administration of modified antisense oligonucleotides, AONs, which can interfere with exon splicing process and eliminate certain exons from the mature transcript. Furthermore, the rod region has a number of ancillary functions, such as providing secondary binding sites for actin, neuronal NO synthetase and phospholipids, which may be adversely perturbed by the edits.
Ph.D. in Biological, Chemical, and Physical Sciences, May 2011
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Title: Elementary Charter School: Renovation and Addition
Creator: Hutchison, William
Date: 2010-07-29

Title: Flow characteristics of a rectangular multielement supersonic mixer-ejector
Creator: Taghavi, R, Raman, G
Date: 1996-10
Publisher: AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT

Title: PERINATAL PHOTOPERIOD AND LATITUDE AS PREDICTORS OF REACTION TO CHRONOBIOLOGICAL STRESS
Creator: Antler, Caroline A.
Date: 2013-04-24, 2013-05
Description: The present study explored the possible roles of perinatal photoperiod and latitude as predictors of later reaction to chronobiological stress...
Show moreThe present study explored the possible roles of perinatal photoperiod and latitude as predictors of later reaction to chronobiological stress, specifically the experience of winter in Chicago (41.89°N). Participants consisted of new undergraduate and graduate students at a technological university in Chicago, Illinois (N = 64 - 76). The sample was 62% male, ranged in age from 18 to 38 years (M = 22.5, SD = 4.3), and was born mainly in North America and East/South Asia. The vegetative and cognitive/affective subscales of the Seasonal Assessment Form (SAF; Young et al., 2012) were completed by participants between February 7 and March 7, 2011. Results indicated that both perinatal photoperiod and latitude have a significant effect on vegetative but not cognitive symptom severity. A curvilinear relationship between perinatal photoperiod and winter vegetative symptom severity was displayed with optimal adjustment (minimum vegetative symptoms) occurring near LD 12:12. Attention should be paid to the stronger effect of latitude at birth over perinatal photoperiod on symptom severity. Implications, limitations, and future directions for research are discussed.
M.S. in Psychology, May 2013
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Title: Jet Thrust Vectoring Using a Miniature Fluidic Oscillator
Creator: Raman, G., Packiarajan, S., Papadopoulos, G.
Date: 2005-03
Publisher: Royal Aeronautical Soc
Description: This paper presents a new approach to vectoring jet thrust using a miniature fluidic actuator that provided spatially distributed mass...
Show moreThis paper presents a new approach to vectoring jet thrust using a miniature fluidic actuator that provided spatially distributed mass addition. The fluidic actuators used had no moving parts and produced oscillatory flow with a square wave form at frequencies up to 1(.)6kHz. A subsonic jet with an exit diameter of 3(.)81cm was controlled using single and dual fluidic actuators, each with an equivalent circular diameter of 1(.)06mm. The fluidic nozzle was operated at pressures between 20(.)68 and 165(.)47kPa. The objectives of the present work included documentation of the actuation characteristics of fluidic devices, assessment of the effectiveness of fluidic devices for jet thrust vectoring, and evaluation of mass flow requirements for vectoring under various conditions. Measurements were made in the flow field using a pitot probe for the vectored and unvectored cases. Some acoustic measurements were made using microphones in the near-field and for selected cases particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements were made. Thrust vectoring was obtained in low speed jets by momentum effects with fluidic device mass flow rates of only 2 x 10(-4) kg/sec (0-6% of main jet mass flow per fluidic oscillator). Although a single fluidic device produced vectoring of the primary jet, the dual fluidic device configuration (with two fluidic devices on either side of the jet exit) produced mass flux enhancement of 28% with no vectoring. Our results indicate that fluidic actuators have the potential for use in thrust vectoring, flow mixing and industrial flow deflection applications.
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Title: NEW TOOLS FOR JET ANALYSIS IN HIGH ENERGY COLLISIONS
Creator: Duffty, Daniel
Date: 2015, 2015-05
Description: Our understanding of the fundamental interactions of particles has come far in the last century, and is still pushing forward. As we build...
Show moreOur understanding of the fundamental interactions of particles has come far in the last century, and is still pushing forward. As we build ever more powerful machines to probe higher and higher energies, we will need to develop new tools to not only understand the new physics objects we are trying to detect, but even to understand the environment that we are searching in. We examine methods of identifying both boosted objects and low energy jets which will be shrouded in a sea of noise from other pasts of the detector. We display the power of boosted-b tagging in a simulated W' search. We also examine the effetc of pile up on low energy jet reconstructions. For this purpose we develop a new priority-based jet algorithm, "p-jets", to cluster the energy that belongs together, but ignore the rest.
Ph.D in Physics, May 2015
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Title: INFLUENCE OF FOUR BACILLUS SP. STRAINS ON GROWTH AND DESULFURIZATION ABILITY OF MYCOBACTERIUM STRAIN U
Creator: Tian, Fangzhou
Date: 2016, 2016-05
Description: Desulfurization is an important step in crude oil processing and is commonly achieved through a chemical process known as hydrodesulfurization...
Show moreDesulfurization is an important step in crude oil processing and is commonly achieved through a chemical process known as hydrodesulfurization (HDS). Because this process is expensive and produces H2S as a by-product, the alternative of biodesulfurization (BDS) has been investigated for many years. The most potentially useful biodesulfurization process is the 4S pathway, which is found in a number of bacterial species, including Mycobacterium Strain U, which was isolated in our lab. To reach the requirement of BDS for use in an actual industrial-scale process, U has to survive at temperatures approaching 60 OC. In work in our lab, natural selection methods have been introduced for improving the U strain. During this natural selection, four contaminant strains, identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as Bacillus sp., were isolated from extraordinary U cultures which have BDS activity at 54 OC. Meanwhile the BDS activity of U on its own was found to have an upper temperature limitation of 53 OC. Additional experiments proved that all four Bacillus strains interact with U and improve its BDS ability.
M.S. in Biology, May 2016
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Title: SIMULATIONS OF CENTERLINE DEFECT CLOSURE IN OPEN DIE FORGING
Creator: Gangatirkar, Suhasini
Date: 2014, 2014-12
Description: Open die forging is a technique widely used to achieve desired shape and sound mechanical properties. Due to large sizes, the ingots often...
Show moreOpen die forging is a technique widely used to achieve desired shape and sound mechanical properties. Due to large sizes, the ingots often have internal defects such as porosity, shrinkage cavities which damage the overall quality of the final product and affect the mechanical properties of the material. The voids developed during cooling of the ingot have to be treated in the initial forming operation known as cogging which depends on parameters such as die width ratio, die overlap, feed ratio, die shape etc. In this work, finite element method has been used to identify different aspects affecting centerline defect closure, material properties, effect of friction coefficient, relationship between effective strain and the grain size. FORGE 2011 and FORGE NxT 1.0 by Transvalor Corp were used to create numerical models. The material used in this case is H13. Material data and compression test samples were obtained from experiments in a Gleeble 3500. Physical experiments carried out on the Gleeble 3500 were used to determine the coefficient of friction for samples treated at different temperature, strain and strain rates. The effect of these parameters on coefficient of friction was studied in later part of the study. The formulae from the literature used to calculate the coefficient of friction was validated by using simulation models of the compression test samples. These samples were also used to study fraction recrystallized for a particular sample to study the relationship between effective strain and microstructure. Comparisons between validation experiments and simulations showed that there was good agreement between the two and established the effective strain criterion for void closure. From the conclusions obtained from validation experiments, optimal pass schedule was developed to ensure closure of internal voids and uniform distribution of effective strain along centerline for sound quality of the workpiece by changing die overlap percentage every two passes.
M.S. in Material Science Engineering, December 2014
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Title: Statistical Monitoring of Complex Chemical Processes Using Agent-Based Systems
Creator: Perk, Sinem, Teymour, Fouad, Cinar, Ali
Date: 2010-06-02
Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Description: It is highly desirable to have a statistical process monitoring (SPM) system that detects the abnormalities in process operations quickly with...
Show moreIt is highly desirable to have a statistical process monitoring (SPM) system that detects the abnormalities in process operations quickly with as few missed and false alarms as possible while the process operates under various operating conditions An agent-based combined monitoring and fault detection framework is proposed in this study. In this framework, different SPM techniques compete with and complement each other to enhance detection speed and accuracy. SPM techniques from literature such as principal component analysis (PCA), multiblock PCA (MBPCA), and dynamic PCA (DPCA) techniques are implemented in this agent-based process supervision system An agent performance assessment and agent management layer provides dynamic adaptation of the supervision system and improves the performance of SPM The statistical information coming from each of the statistical techniques is summarized through a consensus mechanism The performance of the agent-based consensus mechanism using different consensus criteria is tested for system disturbances of various magnitudes The effectiveness of the proposed agent-based framework with different consensus criteria is evaluated based on fault detection times and missed alarm rates and the adaptation of the supervision system is illustrated
Endnote format citation for DOI:10.1021/ie901368j
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Title: Eleven Words That Sound Like "Orange"
Creator: Monica, Samelson
Date: 2012, 2012-04

Title: Eco-Life (URBAN REDEVELOPMENT following CATASTROPHE in nanjing, china)
Creator: Wu, Yingqiu
Date: 2011-05-04, 2011-05
Description: My project is an urban redevelopment following catastrophe. A catastrophic explosion in 2010 left a portion of Nanjing city destroyed. The...
Show moreMy project is an urban redevelopment following catastrophe. A catastrophic explosion in 2010 left a portion of Nanjing city destroyed. The project proposes a new urban plan to rebuild the neighborhood and restore the community. A powerful explosion at an abandoned plastics factory in Qixia district of Nanjing city has left several people dead and dozens injured. Buildings and vehicles within 100m of the factory destroyed, 3000 citizen got the key of the street and buildings suffered varying degrees of damage in the area 8 miles in circumference. The blast was caused by a leak from a gas pipeline inside the factory, the blast happened after workers dismantling the plant damaged a propylene pipeline. The leaked gas was then ignited when a car engine was started at the scene. There were a community college and several kindergartens in this area, fortunately, it was summer break at that time, no students hurt reported. It is a unique opportunity to develop a plan in an urban context when the prior years of development have been wiped away. The purpose of the project is giving condos return to 3000 people who lost their houses in the explosion and planing mix-used buildings of the community for next 20 years. At present, many old nerghbourhoods in China are being replaced by new ones. In the most cases, the existing urban patternes are erased and a town is built with out any links to what had previouly existed there. My ptoposal is reusing most of the existing tree line streets, river and bridges. The key of this proposal is sustainability, first idea is using existing river to develop a nice wetland park and the second idea is farming gradens.
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Title: Integration of multivariate SPM and FDD by parity space technique for a food pasteurization process
Creator: Kosebalaban, F., Cinar, A.
Date: 2001-03-15
Publisher: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Description: Multivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPM), contribution plots, and parity space fault diagnosis (FD) techniques are used to detect...
Show moreMultivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPM), contribution plots, and parity space fault diagnosis (FD) techniques are used to detect abnormal operation of dynamic processes and diagnose sensor and actuator faults. The methods are illustrated by monitoring the critical control points (CCP) and diagnosing causes of abnormal operation of a pilot pasteurization plant. An empirical model of the process is developed by using subspace state space system identification methods and normal process data. The process data collected under the influence of different magnitude and duration of faults in sensors and actuators are used to validate the MSPM and FD techniques. T-2 and squared prediction error (SPEN) charts are used as MSPM charts. A parity space technique for dynamic stochastic systems and dynamic trends in contribution plots of T-2 and SPEN statistics are used for FD. The detection and FD by these techniques show significant improvements over univariate methods.
Endnote format citation
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Title: Graduate Student Dwelling: HEJanicaFinalBoard
Creator: Janica, H
Date: 5/4/2011, 2011-05
Description: The project will seek to create an environment for that fosters living, community, and learning for graduate students at Illinois Institute of...
Show moreThe project will seek to create an environment for that fosters living, community, and learning for graduate students at Illinois Institute of Technology.
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