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(1 - 5 of 5)
- Title
- Disclosure of Mental Illness in Workplace Settings
- Creator
- Fominaya, Adam W
- Date
- 2019
- Description
-
People considering disclosure of their mental illness in the workplace have tonavigate a complex set of competing pressures to arrive at a...
Show morePeople considering disclosure of their mental illness in the workplace have tonavigate a complex set of competing pressures to arrive at a disclosure decision. Existingmodels of disclosure fail to adequately consider the role of stigma, cannot be adequatelytested with measures currently in existence, and tend to ask participants about disclosureretrospectively. These limitations were addressed using a new path model which employsmeasures currently in existence, includes stigma, and assesses disclosure motivation inindividuals who have not disclosed at work. A national sample of 365 participants wererecruited using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk Marketplace (MTurk). While thehypothesized model achieved poor fit, important findings from the models tested hereprovide clear direction for future research.
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- Title
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of Direct-to-Consumer Advertising of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Depression
- Creator
- Antler, Caroline
- Date
- 2020
- Description
-
Almost half of individuals in the US struggling with depression never seek treatment and, of those that do, over half receive inadequate care....
Show moreAlmost half of individuals in the US struggling with depression never seek treatment and, of those that do, over half receive inadequate care. Although the efficacy of CBT for MDD is well established, the rate of individuals receiving psychotherapy has declined. With copious evidence supporting the effectiveness of direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) of pharmaceuticals, the current study evaluated the potential utility of DTCA of CBT for MDD.One hundred seventy-eight adults with (a) prior exposure to DTCA for antidepressants and (b) no mental health diagnoses or treatment were randomly assigned to view one of three video conditions: CBT for depression (CBT, n = 60), CBT plus information on antidepressants (CBT+MED, n = 58), or Control (arthritis and diabetes Public Service Announcements (PSAs); n = 60). After viewing the video participants completed measures of attitudes about, and willingness to engage in, CBT and antidepressant medication. The study was conducted online with participants being recruited through Prolific and the survey created via Qualtrics.Compared to controls, participants viewing CBT DTCA videos (with or without information on antidepressants) were more willing to engage in CBT, had less public and self-stigma associated with CBT, and believed CBT has less potential for harm. Compared to the CBT group, the CBT+MED group reported greater concern about the risks of disclosing personal information in a therapy setting.These results extend previous findings by applying the DTCA marketing style to a specific diagnosis and type of therapy. Findings indicate that DTCA-style ads for CBT for MDD can be effective in reducing stigma and increasing treatment willingness. They further suggest that DTCA-style marketing of evidence-based psychotherapies can be efficacious when created for specific treatments and disorders. The findings have substantial implications for public health and the dissemination of evidence-based practice.
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- Title
- The effect of information overload on knowledge recall and related cognitions for an educational program based on the Mental Health First Aid Model
- Creator
- Bink, Andrea B.
- Date
- 2020
- Description
-
Early-intervention public health education programs have been effective at teaching a skillset to help others. However, some of these programs...
Show moreEarly-intervention public health education programs have been effective at teaching a skillset to help others. However, some of these programs have also been criticized for delivering more information than is necessary to learn the skill. Receiving too much information could cause information overload and interfere with program goals. The current study investigated the differential effect on outcomes of two trainings: (i) a standard training with lecture material about depression and anxiety (illness-information), and a skillset to guide interpersonal support for someone with depression and anxiety (skill-information); and (ii) a targeted training that omitted the lecture material and only presented the skillset. Predicted outcomes were that the combination of illness-information and skill-information in the standard training would result in information overload and would interfere with skill-information recall and attitude change. The current study also investigated two variables that could influence outcomes: general information overload about mental health (MHIO) and interest in the topic of mental health. Results were that participants in the standard training endorsed significantly more information overload and performed significantly better on recall measures than participants in the targeted training. Both trainings were effective at attitude change. Finally, preexisting MHIO was associated with training information overload, care seeking, and skill-information recall. Preexisting topic interest was associated with skill-information recall. Results suggest that some background lecture material might be necessary to learn how to support someone with depression and anxiety. Also, programs that promote interpersonal support are effective at attitude change no matter how much information they provide.
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- Title
- The Association Between Executive Functioning, Verbal Memory, and Internalized Stigma in Predicting Psychotropic Medication Adherence Behaviors Among People with Serious Mental Illness
- Creator
- Powell, Karina
- Date
- 2020
- Description
-
Long-term symptom management is an important consideration for many individuals with serious mental illness to maintain recovery over time,...
Show moreLong-term symptom management is an important consideration for many individuals with serious mental illness to maintain recovery over time, prevent relapse and rehospitalization, and decrease symptom severity. Psychotropic medications can be an important aspect of treatment planning; however, many barriers exist that can impact medication adherence and treatment efficacy. Research suggests that internalized stigma and neurocognition may impact medication adherence, but research has yet to investigate the relationship between these three constructs in tandem. In this study, medication adherence was measured via medication possession ratio calculated from pharmacy records (objective) and self-reported medication use (subjective). Selection of neurocognitive domains and assessment measures was informed by MATRICS and ISBD-BANC consensus batteries. The primary expectations were that verbal memory and executive functioning would be related to medication adherence behaviors and that these domains would moderate the relationship between internalized stigma and medication adherence. A consistent association was seen between measures of self-reported medication use over time, suggesting participants were generally consistent in their reported use. While analyses testing the primary hypotheses were nonsignificant, in the context of limitations of statistical power, trends emerged that may be worthy of further investigation. Future research should continue to explore the potentially multifaceted relationships between factors contributing to adherence. A more comprehensive understanding these relationships has implications for clinicians and consumers in addressing treatment barriers and disengagement by developing more nuanced and targeted interventions.
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- Title
- Eating disorder support group utilization: Associations with psychological health and eating disorder psychopathology among support group attendees
- Creator
- Murray, Matthew F.
- Date
- 2023
- Description
-
Individuals with eating disorders (EDs) report psychosocial impairments that may persist beyond ED symptom remission, suggesting a need to...
Show moreIndividuals with eating disorders (EDs) report psychosocial impairments that may persist beyond ED symptom remission, suggesting a need to examine ED treatment-adjunctive services that foster psychosocial health. One promising resource is support groups, as evidence across medical and psychiatric illnesses shows associations between group utilization and wellbeing. However, virtually no literature has examined ED-specific support groups and psychosocial health, and it is also unknown how use of supportive services relates to ED symptoms. The present study examined associations between past-month ED support group attendance and participation frequency, psychosocial health indices, and ED symptoms. A total of 215 participants who attended weekly virtual clinician-moderated ED support groups completed measures of psychosocial health, internalized stigma of mental illness, psychosocial impairment from an ED, specific types of social support elicited in group, and ED psychopathology. Adjusting for past-month ED treatment, Benjamini-Hochberg-corrected partial correlation analyses indicated that more frequent attendance was negatively related to body dissatisfaction, purging, excessive exercise, and negative attitudes toward obesity, and positively related to social support. More frequent verbal and chat participation were positively related to emotional and informational support and social companionship. Chat participation was additionally negatively related to excessive exercise and negative attitudes toward obesity. Results suggest that utilizing and participating in clinician-moderated ED support groups could provide an outlet for ED symptom management and solicitation of social support. Findings highlight areas for further consideration in the delivery of and future research on ED support groups.
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