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Title: PREPARATION FOR IMPLANTATION OF AN INTRACORTICAL VISUAL PROSTTIESIS IN A HUMAN: WORKING TOWARDS SATURATION
Creator: Troyk, Melissa J
Date: 2017, 2017-07
Description: The research focused on restoring visual perception via a vision prosthetic is progressing at a rapidly advancing rate. Previous research on...
Show moreThe research focused on restoring visual perception via a vision prosthetic is progressing at a rapidly advancing rate. Previous research on the experiences and perspectives of past, current, and potential vision prosthesis users has demonstrated that the decision to obtain a vision prosthetic is driven by a variety of unique factors and variables that merge with one another during the process of deciding to participate in clinical vision prosthesis research (Lane, Huyck, Troyk, & Schug, 2012; Lane, Nitsch, Huyck, Troyk, & Schug, 2014; Lane, Nitsch, & Troyk, 2015). The purpose of the current study was twofold: 1) to determine if our understanding of the experiences and perspectives of potential vision prosthesis users was nearing saturation, and 2) to understand the perspectives of potential vision prosthesis users who are veterans. Data were analyzed in accordance with qualitative analysis procedures. Results identified several new themes and subthemes that were determined to be important to our understanding of potential users’ perspectives of an intracortical vision prosthesis device. A preliminary framework is proposed for understanding how the identified themes and subthemes merge during the process of deciding to participate in an experimental vision prosthesis human clinical trial. The results demonstrated that while progress has been made, there is still more to learn about blind individuals’ perspectives of vision prostheses and how they would decide to participate in vision prosthesis research.
M.S. in Psychology, July 2017
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Title: SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION OF NIOBIUM FOR SUPERCONDUCTING RF CAVITIES
Creator: Cao, Chaoyue
Date: 2014, 2014-07
Description: Surface characterization techniques including point contact tunneling (PCT) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy have been employed to study...
Show moreSurface characterization techniques including point contact tunneling (PCT) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy have been employed to study the surface of niobium (Nb) superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities. PCT spectroscopy provides a direct means of measuring the surface superconductivity, which is closely correlated with the cavity’s performance characterized by the quality factor Q. Cavities with remarkably high Q show near ideal tunneling spectra with sharp coherent peaks and low zero bias conductance, consistent with the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrie↵er (BCS) density of states (DOS), and bulk gap parameter, " = 1.55 -1.6 meV. Cavities with Q-drop often exhibit strong non-uniform heating during RF operations, with high loss regions identified as hot spots. PCT spectra on hot spots reveal suppressed superconductivity, broadened DOS and Kondo tunneling, consistent with magnetic impurities on the surface. Raman spectra on hot spots indicate the presence of various impurities on the surface including amorphous carbon, C-H chain compounds and NbC, providing insights into the formation of hot spots. The origin of the impurities is unclear at present but it is suggested that particular processing steps in SRF cavity fabrication may be responsible.
Ph.D. in Physics, July 2014
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Title: Relationship of Executive Fuction Patterns and Academic Achievement Across DSM-IV Subtypes of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Creator: Young, Crystal
Date: 2012-07-18, 2012-07
Description: The aim of this study was to expand our understanding of the impact of executive function skills on academic achievement in children with ADHD...
Show moreThe aim of this study was to expand our understanding of the impact of executive function skills on academic achievement in children with ADHD, as well as investigate trends in executive functioning and academic achievement between ADHD subtypes in an adolescent sample. Each participant completed neuropsychological assessments including a measure of intelligence and academic functioning as well as several measures of executive functioning. Results suggested that children with ADHD – Combined Type do not significantly differ from children with ADHD – Inattentive Type on tasks of academic or executive functioning. Issues regarding outcomes associated with ADHD as well as diagnostic procedures are discussed.
Ph.D. in Psychology, July 2012
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Title: DOES NUTRITION KNOWLEDGE MODERATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERFECTIONISM AND EATING DISORDER SYMPTOMATOLOGY?
Creator: Schwartz, Natalie
Date: 2017, 2017-05
Description: The trait of perfectionism is a psychological factor linked with the development of disordered eating, though the relation is unclear with...
Show moreThe trait of perfectionism is a psychological factor linked with the development of disordered eating, though the relation is unclear with some studies pointing to perfectionism as a predictor of eating disorder symptoms, while other studies have failed to find a statistically significant association. These discrepant findings suggest a need for understanding other factors that could be impacting the association. Research has suggested that individuals with eating disorders perform better than controls on knowledge of sources of nutrients and that while individuals with eating disorders spend more time reading about nutrition, this knowledge tends to be selective and skewed towards the aspects that maintain the eating disorder. The current study aimed to investigate the role of nutrition knowledge as a factor that may significantly influence the association between perfectionism and disordered eating attitudes. College women (N=122) completed several questionnaires related to disordered eating, nutrition knowledge, and perfectionism. The main research questions were: 1) whether perfectionism was related to disordered eating attitudes, 2) whether nutrition knowledge was related to disordered eating attitudes, and 3) whether nutrition knowledge moderated the relation between perfectionism and disordered eating attitudes. Results supported a positive association between perfectionism and disordered eating attitudes, in line with previous research. Despite a non-significant association between nutrition knowledge and disordered eating attitudes, there was found to be trend level significance (p<.07) for one moderation model. Specifically, the model assessing overall body dissatisfaction accounted for 33.34% of the variance, with a significant main effect for the level of perfectionism,suggesting the greater the degree of perfectionism traits, the greater the level of body dissatisfaction. While more research is needed to further develop an understanding of the link between perfectionism and disordered eating, nutrition knowledge is one possible avenue to explore in order to develop more effective prevention and intervention efforts.
M.S. in Psychology, May 2017
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Title: FLEXIBLE COGNITIVE STYLE MODERATES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RUMINATION AND AFFECT
Creator: Smetter, Joseph B.
Date: 2014, 2014-12
Description: Prospective and longitudinal studies have demonstrated that rumination has a negative effect on mood and depression outcomes. The present...
Show moreProspective and longitudinal studies have demonstrated that rumination has a negative effect on mood and depression outcomes. The present study examined whether the type of flexible cognitive style needed to reevaluate maladaptive thoughts and interpretations (i.e. cognitive flexibility) acts as a buffer against the negative relationship between rumination and affect. Participants (N = 100) completed anonymous online surveys containing two measures of cognitive flexibility, including the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS; Beck et al., 2008) and the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI; Dennis & Vander Wal, 2010), as well as measures of depressive rumination and trait affect. Multiple regression-based moderation analyses showed that the tendency to be more objective, reflective, and open to feedback moderated the relationship between rumination and positive affect (PA), such that the negative relationship between rumination and PA was attenuated for individuals who were more self-reflective. We discuss the implications of this buffering effect for theories of rumination and research on protective factors, as well as its relevance to psychotherapy. A comparison of the cognitive flexibility questionnaires revealed differences in how flexible reinterpretation is measured and identified selective relationships to positive and negative affect. Based on these findings, we provide recommendations for future research on cognitive styles that promote flexible reinterpretation.
M.S. in Psychology, December 2014
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Title: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT, SOCIAL SUPPORT AND PERFORMANCE AMONG HEALTHCARE MANAGERS
Creator: Hunt, Mary K.
Date: 2011-05-16, 2011-05
Description: As high performers are of great value in all organizations, understanding factors influencing their ability to maintain strong performance can...
Show moreAs high performers are of great value in all organizations, understanding factors influencing their ability to maintain strong performance can have useful implications for leaders. This study examines the relationship between employees’ performance, their stressors and coping approaches as defined by work-family conflict and perception and enactment of social support. Three hundred and twelve managers in a healthcare organization were categorized based on their performance in the year prior to the study. Results showed that high performers had higher satisfaction and use of supervisor support than moderate performers. The more satisfied managers were with support from their supervisor, coworkers, and friends, the less they reported work-family conflict. Satisfaction and use of support from friends influenced both work-to-family and family-to- work conflict.
M.S. in Psychology, May 2011
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Title: THE RELATIONSHIPS OF BIOLOGICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND SOCIAL FACTORS TO PERCEIVED SEIZURE SEVERITY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY
Creator: Fong, Wing Man
Date: 2012-12-17, 2012-12
Description: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition that can cause negative consequences in all areas of life for people with the condition. Research...
Show moreEpilepsy is a chronic neurological condition that can cause negative consequences in all areas of life for people with the condition. Research evidence has led to the goal of treatment to gradually shift from targeting only reducing the frequency of seizures to decreasing individual’s perception of seizure severity. While several studies have suggested that psychological and social factors, in addition to epilepsy-related biological factors, can also impact seizure severity perception, this area has received much less attention in relation to individuals’ perception of seizure severity. Therefore, this study examined individuals’ perception of seizure severity using a biopsychosocial framework which takes into account biological, psychological, and social factors to develop a comprehensive understanding about the perception of seizure severity. 57 individuals from a neurology clinic at a tertiary medical center with a primary diagnosis of localization-related temporal lobe epilepsy participated in this study. They were interviewed for demographic information and were assessed using Quality of Life in Epilepsy-89, Beck Depression Inventory, Stressful Life Events Scale, and Liverpool Seizure Severity Scale. A Multiple regression analysis indicated that the number of antiepileptic drugs, perceived memory function, the number of stressful life events, and social support were all significant predictors of perceived seizure severity. The current findings supported a biopsychosocial approach in understanding the perception of seizure severity among people with epilepsy. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
M.S. in Psychology, December 2012
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Title: PRENATAL ULTRASOUND CONSULTATION AND MATERNAL FEELINGS IN THE SECOND TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY
Creator: Stockman, Alexandria
Date: 2015, 2015-07
Description: NO ABSTRACT
M.S. in Psychology, July 2015

Title: THE RELATIONS OF LEADER EMPOWERING BEHAVIORS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: MODERATED BY GENDER DYAD COMPOSITION
Creator: Zigun, David J
Date: 2016, 2016-07
Description: This study examined the possible moderating effect of gender dyadic composition on the relationship between Leadership Empowering Behaviors ...
Show moreThis study examined the possible moderating effect of gender dyadic composition on the relationship between Leadership Empowering Behaviors (LEBs) and employee performance across 221 supervisor-subordinate dyads in a Fortune 500 Midwestern U.S. company. The relationships between LEBs and employee performance moderated by gender dyadic composition were examined, as well as possible group differences of LEB ratings between gender dyad group membership. The goal of this study was to test the moderating role of gender dyadic composition on the relationship between LEBs and employee performance. This study obtained both supervisor ratings of employee performance and employee ratings of LEBs, allowing for the use of multi-source data. Results supported the expected relationship between LEBs and employee performance but neither indications of a moderating effect by gender dyads were found, nor were there group differences in perceptions of LEBs. This study adds to the existing literature because previous research has predominantly focused on examining employee perceptions of LEBs and related outcomes, but this was the first study to explore the potential moderating effect of gender dyads in this relationship. Implications of this study are explored.
M.S. in Psychology, July 2016
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Title: PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND ONLINE MINDFULNESS TRAINING
Creator: Stickney, Laurie
Date: 2013-04-15, 2013-05
Description: Despite the improvements in resources and communication in today’s world, many people still do not have access to mental health resources....
Show moreDespite the improvements in resources and communication in today’s world, many people still do not have access to mental health resources. Mindfulness, a type of meditation, has been shown to be effective at reducing stress, reducing pain, and increasing general mental well-being. Mindfulness has the potential to reach many people though internet-based interventions. However, more research is needed to determine whether mindfulness retains its efficacy when delivered over the internet. Participants engaged in a six week program of internet-based mindfulness interventions. Facets of mental well-being were assessed at various time points including mood state, anxiety, quality of life, mindfulness, and psychological inflexibility. Hierarchical Linear Modeling demonstrated that over time, participants significantly increased their level of mindfulness and decreased in their psychological inflexibility. Measurements pertaining to mood, anxiety, quality of life, and perceived stress did not change significantly. Nonetheless, results from the present study suggest the potential efficacy of internet-based mindfulness interventions and highlight the need for future research in this domain.
M.S. in Psychology, May 2013
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Title: PERINATAL PHOTOPERIOD AND LATITUDE AS PREDICTORS OF REACTION TO CHRONOBIOLOGICAL STRESS
Creator: Antler, Caroline A.
Date: 2013-04-24, 2013-05
Description: The present study explored the possible roles of perinatal photoperiod and latitude as predictors of later reaction to chronobiological stress...
Show moreThe present study explored the possible roles of perinatal photoperiod and latitude as predictors of later reaction to chronobiological stress, specifically the experience of winter in Chicago (41.89°N). Participants consisted of new undergraduate and graduate students at a technological university in Chicago, Illinois (N = 64 - 76). The sample was 62% male, ranged in age from 18 to 38 years (M = 22.5, SD = 4.3), and was born mainly in North America and East/South Asia. The vegetative and cognitive/affective subscales of the Seasonal Assessment Form (SAF; Young et al., 2012) were completed by participants between February 7 and March 7, 2011. Results indicated that both perinatal photoperiod and latitude have a significant effect on vegetative but not cognitive symptom severity. A curvilinear relationship between perinatal photoperiod and winter vegetative symptom severity was displayed with optimal adjustment (minimum vegetative symptoms) occurring near LD 12:12. Attention should be paid to the stronger effect of latitude at birth over perinatal photoperiod on symptom severity. Implications, limitations, and future directions for research are discussed.
M.S. in Psychology, May 2013
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Title: PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE CENTER FOR EPIDEMILOGICAL STUDIES DEPRESSION SCALE (CES-D) USED AMONG NATIVE CHINESE INDIVIDUALS WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY
Creator: Xiong, Ying
Date: 2014, 2014-07
Description: Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent among people with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and yet there is a lack of consensus over psychometrically...
Show moreDepressive symptoms are highly prevalent among people with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and yet there is a lack of consensus over psychometrically sound diagnostic criteria or screening tools for depression. This is particularly true with the SCI population in China. Currently, there is limited information regarding the prevalence of depression, severity, and depressive symptomatology among individuals with SCI in China. CES-D lOis a simple and quick tool to use, and it avoids over-estimating depression due to frequent somatic complaints associated with SCI. To our best knowledge, the CES-D 10 had not been used among the native Chinese population with SCI. The current study used the CES-D 10 to measure depressive symptoms among individuals with SCI in China. The purpose ofthis study was to examine factorial validity, internal consistency, construct validity, and concurrent validity ofCES-D 10 among 260 Chinese individuals with SCI. Results showed an alarmingly high prevalence of depressive symptoms among the sample. Consistent with existing literature and hypotheses, a two-factor structure of CES-D 10 was replicated based on a confirmatory factor analysis. Hierarchical regression analyses showed several important psychosocial constructs such as acceptance of disability, social support, and functional disability were predictors of overall depressive symptoms. Surprisingly, depressive symptoms were not predictive of employment status. The scale showed low internal consistency, and a cultural response bias in which participants are less likely to endorse positively-stated CES-D items among the current sample. Such finding is consistent with past studies among the East Asian population. Limitations and implications ofthe study were discussed.
Ph.D. in Psychology, July 2014
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Title: EMPIRICALLY KEYING PERSONALITY MEASURES TO MITIGATE FAKING EFFECTS AND IMPROVE VALIDITY: A MONTE CARLO INVESTIGATION
Creator: Tawney, Mark Ward
Date: 2012-12-05, 2012-12
Description: Personality-type measures should be viable tools to use for selection. They have incremental validity over cognitive measures and they add...
Show morePersonality-type measures should be viable tools to use for selection. They have incremental validity over cognitive measures and they add this incremental validity while decreasing adverse impact (Hough, 1998; Ones, Viswesvaran & Schmidt, 1993; Ones & Viswesvaran, 1998a). However, personality measures are susceptible to faking; individual’s instructed to fake on personality measures are able to increase their scores (Barrick & Mount, 1996; Ellingson, Sackett & Hough, 1999; Hough, Eaton, Dunnette, Kamp, & McCloy, 1990). Further, personality measures often reveal less than optimal validity estimates as research continually finds meta-analytic coefficients near .2 (e.g., Morgeson, Campion, Dipboye, Hollenbeck, Murphy, & Schmitt, 2007). Some researchers have suggested that these two problems are linked as faking on personality measure may reduce their ability to predict job performance (e.g., Tett & Christansen, 2007). Empirically keyed instruments traditionally enhance prediction and have been found to mitigate the effects of faking (Kluger, Reilly & Russell, 1991; Scott & Sinar, 2011). Recently suggested as a means to key to personality measures (e.g., Tawney & Mead, In Prep), this dissertation further investigates empirical keying methods as a means to both mitigate faking effects and as a means to increase validity of personality-type measures. A Monte Carlo methodology is used due to the difficulties in obtaining accurate measures of faking. As such, this dissertation investigates faking issues under controlled and known parameters, allowing for more robust conclusions as compared to prior faking research.
PH.D in Psychology, December 2012
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Title: IMPACT OF MULTITASKING AND PHYSICAL CONTEXT ON SELF-REPORTED TRANSFER OF E-LEARNING
Creator: Brown, Anna Kirsten
Date: 2015, 2015-05
Description: The growth of e-learning is increasing in todays organizations; however the research to support its application is slow to catch up. Previous...
Show moreThe growth of e-learning is increasing in todays organizations; however the research to support its application is slow to catch up. Previous research has focused on the factors relating to training and transfer of training, there appears to be a dearth on what trainees are actually engaging in during e-learning itself. This study focused on the relationship between di erent types of multitasking on transfer of e-learning and the interrelation of physical distractors in the training environment. Archival data was utilized in the study with 399 participants. The ndings indicate that the number of additional tasks engaged in during training negatively relate to reported transfer of e-learning. Temperature also related to transfer of e-learning. Participants who reported training in a room where they considered the temperature comfortable also noted higher levels of transfer of e-learning. Limitations and suggestions for future research are presented.
M.S. in Psychology, May 2015
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Title: USING CONFIDENCE INTERVALS WITH A SMALL SAMPLE SIZE ADJUSTMENT TO ASSESS ADVERSE IMPACT
Creator: May, Jill L.
Date: 2012-03-27, 2012-05
Description: With increased diversity in the U.S. workforce, there has become a greater need for organizations to defend against accusations of...
Show moreWith increased diversity in the U.S. workforce, there has become a greater need for organizations to defend against accusations of discrimination and thus a need to produce more accurate adverse impact statistics in discrimination cases. The purpose of the present study is to investigate two adjustments to a confidence interval procedure for calculating adverse impact to see if they give more adequate performance over the unadjusted Morris and Lobsenz (2000) confidence interval procedure. A Monte Carlo simulation revealed that using an adjustment for small sample sizes alleviates some of the problems found for the confidence interval procedure found in previous research. Specifically, adding a 0.5 adjustment to the confidence interval procedure increases the accuracy over the unadjusted procedure and the Agresti and Caffo (2000) procedure. Implications for practioners and researchers are included in the discussion.
M.S. in Psychology, May 2012
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Title: Effect of Transformatinoal Leadership on Student Engagement, Reactions and Learning
Creator: Widlak, Izabela
Date: 2011-05-02, 2011-05
Description: 124 participants were recruited from thirteen undergraduate psychology courses and responded to online surveys over the course of a semester,...
Show more124 participants were recruited from thirteen undergraduate psychology courses and responded to online surveys over the course of a semester, rating their instructors' behaviors, their own behaviors and experience with their course. Results supported the hypothesized main effect of transformational leadership on students' class-engagement and satisfaction with a course. Additionally, student engagement mediated the relationship between the leadership style and satisfaction. Results also indicated that transformational leadership has an indirect effect of on two measures of student performance (final course grades and students' expected course grades) through student engagement. In conclusion, the findings of this research indicate the transformational leadership has a significant and positive role in engagement, satisfaction and learning, further supporting the value of examining instructor behavior as leader behavior.
M.S. in Psychology, May 2011
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Title: THE EXAMINATION OF EFFORT TESTS: IDENTIFYING AN EFFICIENT APPROACH TO THE ASSESSMENT OF MALINGERING
Creator: Van De Kreeke, Diana
Date: 2013, 2013-05
Description: Malingering is an important issue in neuropsychology. A person can malinger both cognitive and psychological symptoms and it is important for...
Show moreMalingering is an important issue in neuropsychology. A person can malinger both cognitive and psychological symptoms and it is important for a clinician to assess for this possibility as malingering invalidates test findings. Several embedded and standalone effort tests exist for the purpose of malingering classification. This study looked to assess the effectiveness of embedded cognitive effort measures as compared to standalone effort measures. Additionally, the effectiveness of a smaller set of measures versus a larger set was analyzed for both cognitive and psychological measures. The likelihood of a person malingering both cognitive and psychological symptoms was assessed. Lastly, exploratory analyses were conducted to assess for differences between malingerers and non-malingerers. It was discovered that the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition-Forced Choice and the Victoria Symptom Validity Test were poor estimators of malingering classification. Therefore, the cognitive effort measures included in the analyses were the Reliable Digit Span, Rey 15-Item Test, Word Memory Test, and the Test of Memory Malingering. Psychological measures included the F and FBS indices from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 and the Negative Impression Management and Malingering Index scales from the Personality Assessment Inventory. Findings revealed that stand-alone tests add a significant amount of variance to malingering classification over and above embedded measures in a cognitive test battery. The most effective set of cognitive effort tests included the Reliable Digit Span, Rey 15-Item Test, and Word Memory Test. The Test of Memory Malingering did not add significant additional variance to the classification of malingering. Results showed that a vii person is not likely to malinger both cognitive and psychological symptoms. Lastly, the F and Negative Impression Management indices were just as effective at classifying malingering as when the FBS and Malingering Index scales were also used. Future research should further assess the actual sensitivities of the California Verbal Learning Test-Second Edition-Forced Choice and the Victoria Symptom Validity Test. Also, research should assess whether different cut off scores for the Test of Memory Malingering lead to increased efficiency of the measure for malingering classification.
PH.D in Psychology, May 2013
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Title: BROAD AND NARROW PERSONALITY TRAITS AS PREDICTORS OF RISKY DRIVING BEHAVIORS
Creator: Watson, Jeremy Beau
Date: 2011-04-05, 2011-05
Description: The accurate prediction of risky driving behaviors or possible accident and injury involvement contains several benefits as even minor...
Show moreThe accurate prediction of risky driving behaviors or possible accident and injury involvement contains several benefits as even minor increases in detection may result in possible avoidance of accidents and loss of life. This study examined the relationship between both broad and narrow personality traits and risky driving behaviors and the role of the bandwidth-fidelity dilemma. Based on archival data, 680 adults from a community sample in the Pacific Northwest completed the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF) and a daily behavior inventory of act frequencies. Results indicated that broad and narrow personality traits are equally predictive of risky driving behaviors, but there are some appreciable differences at the primary factor level. Previous research, implications, and limitations to this study are also discussed.
M.S. in Psychology, May 2011
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Title: SOCIAL FUNCTIONING AND CORE SYMPTOMATOLOGY AS PREDICTORS OF RESPONSE TO A SUMMER TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR YOUTH WITH COMBINED TYPE ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
Creator: Uribe, Roberto Alejandro
Date: 2015, 2015-12
Description: The study was a retrospective repeated measures analysis of 108 youth (age 6-12) who took part in the 2008-2012 Camp STAR (Summer Treatment...
Show moreThe study was a retrospective repeated measures analysis of 108 youth (age 6-12) who took part in the 2008-2012 Camp STAR (Summer Treatment Program for ADHD and Related Disorders) Summer Treatment Program. Developed by William E. Pelham in 1980, the Summer Treatment Program (STP) is an intensive psychosocial intervention delivered to children ages 6-12 in natural settings through the medium of summer camp. A recognized evidence base for the STP has steadily developed and evolved leading to improved stabilization of ADHD associated issues and treatment satisfaction. The following investigation sought to address questions about the efficacy of the STP with respect to predicting treatment responses for a subgroup of ADHD youth presenting with complex clinical presentations of combined type ADHD. The study built on prior evaluations of predictor importance by utilizing socio-emotional measures from the daily behavioral data of the STP, as well as more typically used ADHD dimensional symptom severity measures to inform treatment fit. As anticipated, because the heterogeneity of the disorder suggests that response to treatment is multifaceted, no combination of predictor variables produced a regression equation model that significantly explained variance across all of the treatment outcome variables. After controlling for concurrent pharmacotherapy and age, the combined effects of pretreatment core ADHD symptom severity and social functioning measures were found to significantly explain variance in a criterion variable corresponding with camp objectives (e.g., developing social competencies and coping skills, decreased functioning; Overall STP Improvement Index), as well as positive and negative socio-emotional behaviors measured directly by the STP Point System at the end of the camp. Change in R2 statistics confirmed the study hypothesis in which, the pretreatment socio-emotional factor sets significantly improved the prediction of multiple treatment outcomes over and above DSM-IV ADHD symptom dimensions and control variables. Ten percent of unique variance when predicting informant ratings of improvement made while at camp, 4% unique variance when predicting positive social behavior at the conclusion of Camp STAR, and 2% unique variance when predicting negative social behavior at the conclusion of Camp STAR were among the results. Observed negative behaviors at baseline demonstrated predictive utility whereas results pertaining to hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention symptom dimensions did not significantly influence behavior, and subsequently, revealed little about the observed variation in outcomes in this particular dataset. While each of the core DSM-IV symptom dimensions are known to be differently associated with a variety of domain specific impairments in the general population (Lahey, & Willcutt, 2010), the results from this study suggest that with ADHD subgroups featuring severe symptom and impairment profiles, the core symptom dimensions did not appear to be as differentially associated with functional impairment. In cases of severe combined type ADHD, decisions about treatment fit should be based more on the socio-emotional impact of symptoms rather than their mere presence. The findings underscore the value in identifying socio-emotional impairments for individuals diagnosed with severe and complicated ADHD as early as possible and to intervene with intensive modalities specifically aimed at developing skills and cognitive faculties that enhance abilities to maintain healthy relationships.
Ph.D. in Psychology, December 2015
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Title: HOW HOSTILE CRITICISM RELATES TO HEALTH FUNCTIONING AND MARITAL ADJUSTMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND THEIR PARTNERS
Creator: Hicks Iii, R. Elliott
Date: 2012-04-30, 2012-05
Description: Destructive communication and hostile interactions between spouses has been found to elicit large increases in systolic blood pressure, heart...
Show moreDestructive communication and hostile interactions between spouses has been found to elicit large increases in systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output in patients (Nealey-Moore et al., 2007; Smith et al., 2009). This negatively impacts the cardiovascular health of the receiving partner. The present study was designed to assess the relationship between hostile criticism and patient report of marital satisfaction, physical health, and depressive symptomatology in a sample of couples participating in a cardiac risk reduction intervention. The current study uses archival data obtained during the Partners for Life cardiac risk reduction intervention for couples (Sher et al., 2002). Additionally, further observationally coded data was collected from video taped conversations recorded for the purposes of the Partners for Life study. Pearson correlation analyses indicate moderate negative relationships between Criticism and Marital Adjustment. Implications of these and other results are discussed.
M.S. in Clinical Psychology, May 2012
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