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PMU DATA APPLICATIONS IN SMART GRID: LOAD MODELING, EVENT DETECTION AND STATE ESTIMATION
Title
PMU DATA APPLICATIONS IN SMART GRID: LOAD MODELING, EVENT DETECTION AND STATE ESTIMATION
Creator
Ge, Yinyin
Date
2016, 2016-05
Description
The thesis mainly includes four parts of research, event detection, data archival reduction, load modeling, state estimation. Firstly, we...
Show moreThe thesis mainly includes four parts of research, event detection, data archival reduction, load modeling, state estimation. Firstly, we present methods on real-time event detection and data archival reduction based on synchrophasor data produced by phasor measurement unit (PMU). Event detection is performed with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a second order difference method with a hierarchical framework for the event notification strategy on a small-scale Microgrid. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed method is more practical and efficient in the combined use of event detection and data archival reduction. Secondly, the proposed method on data reduction, which is an “Event oriented auto-adjustable sliding window method”, implements a curve fitting algorithm with a weighted exponential function-based variable sliding window accommodating different event types. It works efficiently with minimal loss in data information especially around detected events. The performance of the proposed method is shown on actual PMU data from the IIT campus Microgrid, thus successfully improving the situational awareness (SA) of the campus power system network. Thirdly, we present a new “event-oriented” method of online load modeling for the IIT Microgrid based on synchrophasor data produced PMU. Several load models and their parameter estimation methods are proposed. It is given great importance on choosing the best models for the detected events. The online load modeling process is based on an adjustable sliding window applied to two different types of load step changes. The load modeling tests and related analysis on the synchrophasor data of the IIT Microgrid are demonstrated in this paper. Finally, we present a three-phase unbalanced distribution system state estimation (DSSE) method based on Semidefinitetheir parameter estimation methods are proposed. It is given great importance on choosing the best models for the detected events. The online load modeling process is based on an adjustable sliding window applied to two different types of load step changes. The load modeling tests and related analysis on the synchrophasor data of the IIT Microgrid are demonstrated in this paper. Finally, we present a three-phase unbalanced distribution system state estimation (DSSE) method based on Semidefinite Programming (SDP). A partitioning strategy with the aid of PMU and another distributed optimization algorithm alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) are also proposed for large-scale DSSE. Compared with a traditional weighted least square (WLS) method based on the Gauss-Newton iteration, the proposed DSSE by SDP method delivers a more accurate estimation, and the application of ADMM can lead to high performance for large scale DSSE while deriving satisfying estimation.
Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering, May 2016
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EVENT-BASED NONINTRUSIVE LOAD MONITORING
Title
EVENT-BASED NONINTRUSIVE LOAD MONITORING
Creator
Yan, Lei
Date
2021
Description
Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) is an important application to monitor household appliance activities and provide related information to...
Show moreNon-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) is an important application to monitor household appliance activities and provide related information to house owner or/and utility company via a single sensor installed at the electrical entry of the house. With this information, utilities can perform many tasks such as energy conservation, planning gen-eration more wisely, and demand response (DR) study. For house owners, they can un-derstand their bill more clearly and make better budget plan. For researchers, NILM sys-tem is a good foundation for energy management in buildings and can provide valuable power information for smart homes design. This dissertation aims to develop and demon-strate a complete and accurate event-based NILM system, which includes (1) an edge-cloud framework for event-based NILM, (2) an adaptive event detection method, (3) a two-stage event-based load disaggregation method; and (4) a high-resolution (50Hz) NILM dataset. Event detection is the first step in event-based NILM and it can provide deter-ministic transient information to identify appliances. However, existing methods with fixed parameters suffer from unpredictable and complicated changes in smart meter data such as long transition, high fluctuation and near-simultaneous events in both power and time domains. This dissertation presents an adaptive method to detect events based on home appliance load data with high sampling rate (>1Hz) by flexibly tuning the parame-ters according to the data being processed. The proposed method runs fast over the data stream and captures the transient process by multi-timescales searching as well. The mi-cro-timescale and macro-timescale window could deal with near-simultaneous events and long-transition events, respectively. Transient load signatures are extracted from detected events and stored in a sequential tree struct that can be used for NILM and load recon-struction, etc. Case studies on a 20Hz dataset, the LIFTED dataset of 50Hz, and the BLUED dataset of 60Hz demonstrate that the proposed method is able to work on data of different sampling rates and outperforms other methods in event detection. The ex-tracted load signatures could also improve the efficiency of NILM and help develop oth-er applications. This dissertation presents an online transient-based electrical appliance state track-ing method for NILM. The proposed Factorial Particle based Hidden Markov Model (FPHMM) method takes advantage of transient features in high-resolution data to infer states in the transient process and conducts steady state verification to rectify falsely identified appliances. The FPHMM method can overcome the common feature similarity problem in NILM by combining particle filter method and Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling method, and by mining the intra-relationship of states inside a single appliance and the inter-relationship of states among multiple appliances. The FPHMM method is tested on the LIFTED dataset with appliance-level details and high sampling rates. Test-ing results demonstrate that the FPHMM method is effective in resolving the feature similarity issue. A modified mean shift algorithm with different levels of bandwidth is proposed as well to cluster the extracted features from event detection. Based on the clustered fea-tures, another solution is proposed to decode the states of appliance in two stages. The first stage uses Bayesian Inference Factorial HMM (BI-FHMM) solver to accelerate com-putational speed and improve accuracy by integrating the load signatures and statistical inference. The second stage then verifies and rectifies the results obtained from the first stage. Test results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves good performance and can be applied to existing smart meters.
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