A catalyst composition for use in electrochemical reactor devices comprising platinum, ruthenium, and osmium and having a single phase crystal... Show moreA catalyst composition for use in electrochemical reactor devices comprising platinum, ruthenium, and osmium and having a single phase crystal structure comprising a face centered cubic unit cell. In accordance with a particularly preferred embodiment, in atomic percentages, platinum comprises about 65% of the catalyst composition, ruthenium comprises about 25% of the catalyst composition, and osmium comprises about 10% of the catalyst composition. Sponsorship: Illinois Institute of Technology United States Patent Show less
A lithium-ion battery having an anode electrode, a cathode electrode and a non-aqueous solvent lithium electrolyte. At least one... Show moreA lithium-ion battery having an anode electrode, a cathode electrode and a non-aqueous solvent lithium electrolyte. At least one cyclophosphazene is added to the non-aqueous solvent lithium electrolyte, which cyclophosphazene acts as a flame-retardant material. The non-aqueous solvent lithium electrolyte is preferably a carbonate-based electrolyte and the preferred cyclophosphazene is hexamethoxycyclotriphosphazene. Sponsorship: Illinois Institute of Technology United States Patent Show less
The effects of radio frequency electric field peaking in the earth formations surrounding a conductor excited by radio frequency energy in the... Show moreThe effects of radio frequency electric field peaking in the earth formations surrounding a conductor excited by radio frequency energy in the controlled in situ heat processing of hydrocarbonaceous earth formations are mitigated by providing an inert buffer region around the conductor to which radio frequency electromagnetic energy is supplied to produce an electric field within the earth formations. A portion of the earth formations is removed to accommodate insertion of the conductor at a desired location in the earth formations and to provide a buffer region between the conductor and the surrounding earth formations. The conductor is supported at the desired location in spaced relationship to the surrounding earth formations, the buffer region encompassing the principal region of the electric field enhancement region around the conductor where the probability of breakdown in the earth formations over the period of application of the radio frequency energy would be above a tolerable level. The buffer region is filled with dielectric material having an electric field breakdown level greater than that of the surrounding earth formation medium such that the probability of breakdown in the buffer region over the period of application of the radio frequency energy is tolerable. Preferably the filler medium has a power dissipation characteristic less than that of the surrounding earth formations. Sponsorship: IIT Research Institute United States Patent Show less
A subharmonic noise reduction circuit having an input terminal and an output terminal. The circuit has a first differential amplifier with a... Show moreA subharmonic noise reduction circuit having an input terminal and an output terminal. The circuit has a first differential amplifier with a first non-inverting input, a first inverting input and a first output. The overall circuit input terminal is connected to the first non-inverting input. A low-pass filter is connected between the first output and the first inverting input. A second differential amplifier has a second non-inverting input, a second inverting input and a second output. The second output is connected to the overall circuit output terminal. A first resistor is connected between the second output and the second inverting input. A second resistor is connected between the first non-inverting input and the second non-inverting input. The circuit operates at unity gain of the DC voltage component and thus the DC output voltage follows the DC input voltage. Sponsorship: Illinois Institute of Technology United States Patent Show less
A process is provided wherein hemoglobin, a fragile material, is formulated into high hemoglobin content water-in-oil-in-water multiple... Show moreA process is provided wherein hemoglobin, a fragile material, is formulated into high hemoglobin content water-in-oil-in-water multiple emulsion while maintaining high yields and high oxygen exchange activity. A multiple emulsion of aqueous oxygen carrying material in oil in outer aqueous phase is suitable for provision of oxygen for oxygen transfer processes. A hemoglobin multiple emulsion in physiologically compatible oil in an outer aqueous saline solution is provided in sufficiently small droplet size to provide oxygen flow through blood vessels to desired body tissues or organs thereby providing a blood substitute. Sponsorship: Illinois Institute of Technology Sponsorship: Northfield Laboratories, Inc. United States Patent Show less
A method and apparatus for electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) for fabricating a thin-layer yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte on a... Show moreA method and apparatus for electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) for fabricating a thin-layer yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte on a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode substrate constructed of nickel-YSZ cermet. By reducing the thickness of the electrolyte, and thereby reducing the cell internal IR drop, an intermediate temperature SOFC (ITSOFC) can operate at 600-800.degree. C. A collar positioned at a distance from a discharge end of a spray nozzle enhances a spray pattern of a precursor including the electrolyte material and thus provides a very thin electrolyte layer. Sponsorship: Illinois Institute of Technology United States Patent Primary US Patent Classification 118/624 US Patent Classification 118/504 US Patent Classification 118/621 US Patent Classification 118/628 US Patent Classification 118/629 US Patent Classification 239/706 International Patent Classification B05B 5/025 International Patent Classification B05C 11/00 Show less