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(1 - 3 of 3)
- Title
- GAME THEORY BASED LOCATION-AWARE CHARGING SOLUTIONS FOR NETWORKED ELECTRIC VEHICLES
- Creator
- Laha, Aurobinda
- Date
- 2020
- Description
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The recent explosive adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) has sparked considerable interest of...
Show moreThe recent explosive adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) has sparked considerable interest of academia in developing efficient charging schemes. Supported by the advanced vehicle-to-grid (V2G) network, vehicles and charging stations can respectively make better charging and pricing decisions via real-time information sharing. In this research, we study the charging problem in an intelligent transportation system (ITS), which consists of smart-grid enabled charging stations and networked EVs. Each vehicle aims to select a station with the lowest charging cost by considering the charging prices and its location while the objective of a charging station is to maximize its revenue given the charging strategy of the vehicles. We employ a multileader multi-follower Stackelberg game to model the interplay between the vehicles and charging stations, in which the location factor plays an important role. We show that there exists a unique equilibrium for the followers’ subgame played by the vehicles, while the stations are able to reach an equilibrium of their subgame with respect to the charging prices. Therefore, the Nash equilibrium of the Stackelberg game is achievable through the proposed charging scheme. We further evaluate the price of anarchy (PoA) of the proposed charging scheme by using a centralized optimization model, in which a modified matching algorithm is applied. In state-of-the-art research works, PHEVs tend to charge or discharge to a smart grid individually. In our extended work, we also consider the discharging scenarios for PHEVs, which is generally during the peak hours of a micro-grid system. We propose that by leveraging the cooperation between charging and discharging PHEVs, the grid will be able to properly disperse the charging load in the load valley and discharging during the load peak hours. As a consequence, the electricity load will be well balanced. In this process, the PHEVs also receive greater benefit, thus serving the PHEV charging and discharging cooperation as a win-win strategy for both the grid and the PHEV users. We formulate and resolve the PHEV charging and discharging cooperation in the framework of a coalition game. Finally, simulation results confirm the uniqueness of the equilibrium in both the game strategies. A performance comparison between the proposed distributed and centralized strategy with existing solutions are presented. We also provide the results of the coalition game when both charging and discharging PHEVs are present in the network. The proper management of charging and discharging of EVs poses one of the most challenging and interesting issues in our research. We aim to provide a complete demand response management solution to PHEVs and micro-grids in a real-time scenario.
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- Title
- DATA-DRIVEN OPTIMIZATION OF NEXT GENERATION HIGH-DENSITY WIRELESS NETWORKS
- Creator
- Khairy, Sami
- Date
- 2021
- Description
-
The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is poised to advance all aspects of modern society by enabling ubiquitous communications and...
Show moreThe Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is poised to advance all aspects of modern society by enabling ubiquitous communications and computations. In the IoT era, an enormous number of devices will be connected wirelessly to the internet in order to enable advanced data-centric applications. The projected growth in the number of connected wireless devices poses new challenges to the design and optimization of future wireless networks. For a wireless network to support a massive number of devices, advanced physical layer and channel access techniques should be designed, and high-dimensional decision variables should be optimized to manage network resources. However, the increased network scale, complexity, and heterogeneity, render the network unamenable to traditional closed-form mathematical analysis and optimization, which makes future high-density wireless networks seem unmanageable. In this thesis, we study the design and data-driven optimization of future high-density wireless networks operating over the unlicensed band, including Radio Frequency (RF)-powered wireless networks, solar-powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based wireless networks, and random Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) wireless networks. For each networking scenario, we first analyze network dynamics and identify performance trade-offs. Next, we design adaptive network controllers in the form of high-dimensional multi-objective optimization problems which exploit the heterogeneity in users' wireless propagation channels and energy harvesting to maximize the network capacity, manage battery energy resources, and achieve good user capacity fairness. To solve the high-dimensional optimization problems and learn the optimal network control policy, we propose novel, cross-layer, scalable, model-based and model-free data-driven network optimization and resource management algorithms that integrate domain-specific analyses with advanced machine learning techniques from deep learning, reinforcement learning, and uncertainty quantification. Furthermore, convergence of the proposed algorithms to the optimal solution is theoretically analyzed using mathematical results from metric spaces, convex optimization, and game theory. Finally, extensive simulations have been conducted to demonstrate the efficacy and superiority of our network optimization and resource management techniques compared with existing methods. Our research contributions provide practical insights for the design and data-driven optimization of next generation high-density wireless networks.
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- Title
- Wireless Body Sensor Network for Tracking Human Mobility using Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network for Classification
- Creator
- Gupta, Saumya
- Date
- 2019
- Description
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A large number of sensors are used without justification of the number chosen or placement choice. Many papers about body sensor networks...
Show moreA large number of sensors are used without justification of the number chosen or placement choice. Many papers about body sensor networks explore how to capture a type or types of motion, but all their sensors are placed in different locations; making their algorithms very specific to that movement. In this research, we explore the enhancement of human activity classification algorithm using long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network and wearable sensor network. There are five identical nodes used in the body sensor network to collect data. Each node incorporates an ESP8266 Microcontroller with Wi-Fi which is connected to an inertial measurement unit consisting of triple axis accelerometer and gyroscope sensor board. An analysis on the accuracy that each sensor node provides separately and in different combinations has been conducted to allow future research to focus their positioning in optimal positions. A Robot Operating System (ROS) central node is used to illustrate the in-built multi-threading capability. For demonstration, the positions chosen are waist, ankles and wrists. The raw sensor data can be observed on screen while it is being labelled live to create fitting dataset for developing an artificial neural network. Expectation is that increasing the number of sensors should raise the overall accuracy of the output but that isn’t the case observed, positioning of the sensor is pertinent to improvement. These platforms can be further extended to understand different motions and different sensor positions, also expanded to include other sensors.
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