Search results

Title: PIEZO-BARKHAUSEN PULSE SIGNAL ANALYSES (BPSA) AND DETERMINATION OF THE FATIGUE LIFE OF AISI-1018 STEEL NEAR THE ENDURANCE LIMIT
Creator: Nunez-moreno, Federico Alejandro
Date: 2014, 2014-05
Description: A series of fatigue tests were performed on two different types of steels named Steel A (annealed and decarbed AISI-1018 steel), and Steel B ...
Show moreA series of fatigue tests were performed on two different types of steels named Steel A (annealed and decarbed AISI-1018 steel), and Steel B (annealed and polished AISI-1018 steel), carried out to separation or to a maximum of 10,000,000 cycles (which was taken to be equivalent to infinite life). Strain levels ranging from 0.0014 in/in (0.0014mm/mm) down to 0.0008in/in (0.0008mm/mm) were used to execute all experimental load tests at a stress ratio R=-1 (complete reversal). An MTS machine was used for these trials. At the same time, magnetic fields and piezo-Barkhausen pulses were recorded by means of a flux gate magnetometer and a copper coil connected to a series of signal filters and amplifiers. Results were used to construct the classical S-N Whöler curve for both steels, as well as in exhibiting the behavior of the magnetic parameters (magnetic excursions, dominant frequencies of the magnetic signals) coupled to the fatigue lives of the samples tested. To describe such couplings, a set of correlations were introduced among the monitored variables as functions of testing time and applied strain. Also, a fractography analysis of the crack patterns using a scanning electron microscope was performed to represent statistically the geometry of “dimples” and fatigue striations from the inception of the crack, until the formation of a shear lip at the final stages of the crack. It was found that the magnitude of the mean amplitude of the piezo-Barkhausen pulses at early stages of the test is correlated to a mid-level energy of cracking, and thus explains the geometry of fatigue striations near the initiation of the crack at higher strain levels, compared to the geometry of the fatigue striations at lower strain levels. x xvi A joint analysis of the amplitudes of the magnetic excursions recorded in time, and the dominant frequencies of the magnetic signals were found to be discriminators of the elastic and plastic behavior of both types of steel. Furthermore the observed magnetic parameter variations determined in a clear way the endurance limit for each type of steel; these values also are in agreement with the strain level for which fatigue lives were greater than 10,000,000 cycles. Based on these results a “bell analogy” for interpreting the fatigue behavior is introduced. Bridge engineering applications and further research is also discussed.
PH.D in Civil Engineering, May 2014
Show less

Title: Reel
Creator: Camras, Marvin
Date: 1952-04-01
Description: Sponsorship: Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology
United States Patent

Title: Children's Center for Learning and Joy
Creator: Rao, Sijun
Date: 5/13/2011, 2011-05
Description: This project provide children with the learning chance they can not get in regular schools. The environment help them develop multiple...
Show moreThis project provide children with the learning chance they can not get in regular schools. The environment help them develop multiple intelligences.
Show less

Title: Titanium Base Alloy
Creator: Crossley, Frank A., Kessler, Harold D.
Date: 1959-12-22
Description: Sponsorship: Armour Research Foundation of Illinois Institute of Technology
United States Patent

Title: CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEM FOR A WATER RECLAMATION PLANT: BALANCING AERATION, ENERGY, AND WATER QUALITY TO MAINTAIN PROCESS RESILIENCE
Creator: Zhu, Junjie
Date: 2015, 2015-07
Description: Aeration accounts for a large fraction of energy consumption in conventional water reclamation plants (WRPs). Although process operations at...
Show moreAeration accounts for a large fraction of energy consumption in conventional water reclamation plants (WRPs). Although process operations at older WRPs can satisfy effluent permit requirements, they typically operate with excess aeration. More effective process controls at older WRPs can be challenging as operators work to balance higher energy costs and more stringent effluent limitations while managing fluctuating loads. Therefore, understandings of process resilience or ability to quickly return to original operation conditions at a WRP are important. A state-of-art WRP should maintain process resilience to deal with different kinds of perturbations even after optimization of energy demands. This work was to evaluate the applicability and feasibility of cyber-physical system (CPS) for improving operation at Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago (MWRDGC) Calumet WRP. In this work, a process model was developed and used to better understand the conditions of current Calumet WRP, with additional valuable information from two dissolved oxygen field measurements. Meanwhile, a classification system was developed to reveal the pattern of historical influent scenario based on cluster analysis and cross-tabulation analysis. Based on the results from the classification, typical process control options were investigated. To ensure the feasibility of information acquisition, the reliability and flexibility of soft sensors were assessed to typical influent conditions. Finally, the process resilience was investigated to better balance influent perturbations, energy demands, and effluent quality for long-term operations. These investigations and evaluations show that although the energy demands change as the influent conditions and process controls, in general, aeration savings could be up to 50% from the level of current consumption; with a more xix complex process controls, the saving could be up to 70% in relatively steady-state conditions and at least 40% in relatively challenging transient conditions. The soft sensors can provide reliable and flexible performance on target predictions. The plant can still maintain at a similar level of process resilience after 50% aeration saving, even during long-term perturbations. Overall, this work shows that it is well feasible to provide more cost-effective operations at the Calumet WRP, and meanwhile influent perturbations, effluent quality, and process resilience are well in balance. Keywords: Energy, aeration, effluent quality, perturbation, resilience, water reclamation plant.
Ph.D. in Environmental Engineering, July 2015
Show less

Title: A DEVICE-TO-DEVICE COMMUNICATION AND KEY EXCHANGE APPLICATION OVER WI-FI DIRECT
Creator: Hong, Weisheng
Date: 2014, 2014-12
Description: With the rapid growth of smartphone and tablet users, Device-to-Device (D2D) communications have become an attractive solution for enhancing...
Show moreWith the rapid growth of smartphone and tablet users, Device-to-Device (D2D) communications have become an attractive solution for enhancing the performance of traditional cellular networks. However, relevant security issues involved in D2D communications have not been addressed yet. In this thesis, I investigate the security requirements and challenges for D2D communications, and present a secure and efficient key agreement protocol, which enables two mobile devices to establish a share secret key for D2D without prior knowledge. The mobile devices are playing an important role in our social life. People trend to share their files and chat with each other without Wi-Fi. Wi-Fi Direct technology provides a very good way to satisfy people’s need. After established a security D2D communication, I used the socket communication method to implement the chat function between devices and some protocols to enable the files transmitted. In the file transfer function, my demo support any types of the files. In the chat function, my demo also uses the shared secret to encrypt the message and then the receiver can decrypt it with the shared secret.
M.S. in Electrical Engineering, December 2014
Show less

Title: Using ecological momentary assessment to understand a construction worker’s daily disruptions and decisions (Working Paper)
Creator: Menches, Cindy L., Chen, Juan
Date: 2012-06-01, 2012-06-01
Description: Capturing the momentary decisions and actions made by construction workers in response to workflow disruptions is challenging because, until...
Show moreCapturing the momentary decisions and actions made by construction workers in response to workflow disruptions is challenging because, until now, there has not been a minimally-disruptive data collection method that allows workers to identify their decision process “in the moment.” However, an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) method – designed to capture momentary work experiences in natural settings – can provide researchers with detailed information about the daily challenges experienced by workers during the course of performing their tasks. An explanation of the method is provided, along with examples of the types of research questions that can be addressed and appropriate analysis techniques. The EMA method is being used on a federally-funded research program in the United States that is investigating how construction workers adapt to workflow disruptions by improvising their decisions and actions. Consequently, this article demonstrates the use of the method by presenting an idiographic study of William, an electrical construction worker. The evaluation of William’s disruptions, decisions, and actions elucidated an important relationship: every one of William’s disruptions required an improvisational action in order to continue working. The EMA method opens the door to the development of new theories about rapid decisions and subsequent actions on construction sites.
Sponsorship: National Science Foundation
Show less

Title: Wire Reel and Holding Means
Creator: Camras, Marvin
Date: 1946-03-26
Description: Sponsorship: Armour Research Foundation
United States Patent

Title: Cure for the IKIA Syndrome : presented at IACRL 2008 conference: assignment_3
Creator: Uth, Charles, Link, Jeanne
Date: 2008-02
Description: Informal observations of a practical and creative approach piloting Blended Library Instruction for undergraduate Civil Architecture and...
Show moreInformal observations of a practical and creative approach piloting Blended Library Instruction for undergraduate Civil Architecture and Engineering students, in collaboration with faculty. At Illinois Institute of Technology students don’t receive library instruction as a required class or in tandem with a composition class. Faculty will schedule one-time sessions, which ideally should be planned with a class assignment in mind, but students are rarely engaged with a one time instruction. Many have IKIA syndrome or I Know It Already syndrome. The Millennials are a group that has integrated technology into every aspect of their lives and they assume that retrieving useful or necessary information will be easy. When they discover this isn’t the case lack of time, heightened anxiety, and increased frustration can prevent them from doing their best work. By intentionally creating a similar crisis prior to library instruction, students were more interested in what they stood to gain during pending library instruction. In this presentation we will discuss: 1) A creative means of delivering library instruction to a traditionally challenging population: engineering undergraduate students 2) Qualitative information collected via multiple assignments and interpreted in a quantitative fashion, as well as our observations. 3) A method for preparing students for library instruction that can be applied in almost any discipline without asking the instructor to sacrifice class time.
Show less

Title: Pritzker Mediatheque: panel
Creator: Song, Youkeun
Date: 5/4/2011, 2011-05
Description: This project is about Renovation of Pritzker Park with refurbishing an underutilized urban pocket park, by adding a public community facility.
...
Show moreThis project is about Renovation of Pritzker Park with refurbishing an underutilized urban pocket park, by adding a public community facility.
Sponsorship: Denison, Dirk
Show less

Title: FACTORS AFFECTING THE SANITIZER EFFICACY IN PREVENTING SALMONELLA TRANSFER DURING POSTHARVESTWASHING OF CUT LETTUCE
Creator: Zang, Mingxia
Date: 2014, 2014-07
Description: This study investigated the spread of Salmonella during postharvest washing of contaminated lettuce and determined the factors that affect the...
Show moreThis study investigated the spread of Salmonella during postharvest washing of contaminated lettuce and determined the factors that affect the efficacy of chlorine in preventing Salmonella cross-contamination. A bench-scale washing system was assembled. It consisted of a 15 gal tank equipped with a submersible pump and various probes to measure wash water properties including pl-l, temperature, chlorine level. oxidation reduction potential (ORP), turbidity, and total organic carbon (TOC) level. Eight grams of cut romaine lettuce inoculated with approximately 7 log CFU/g of Salmonella typhimurium expressing green fluorescent protein were added to 40 L of sterile tap water or spent wash water collected from a commercial produce processing facility together with 800 g of uninoculated lettuce and washed for 2 min. Washing trials were performed at 3°C under different levels of chlorine treatment (0. 5, 10, 20 and 30 ppm of sodium hypochlorite). Small-scale (100 mL) experiments were performed to determine the effects of organic matter (lettuce homogenate) and solids (play sand) on the efficacy of chlorine in wash water. Without chlorine treatment, the spread of Salmonella occurred during lettuce washing in both sterile tap water and in spent industry water. With 5 ppm ofchlorine. although no Salmonella was detected in the wash water, the pathogen was found in the uninoculated lettuce after culture enrichments. When the chlorine level increased to either 10 or 20 ppm of chlorine, no Salmonella was detected in the wash water or the uninoculated lettuce. Similar experiments were performed using the spent industry water. Salmonella transfer occurred at chlorine of 10 or 20 ppm. Transfer was prevented when the chlorine level was raised to 30 ppm. IX Data from the small-scale experiments indicated that the increase in organic contents resulted in a lower level of free chlorine and a greater survival of Salmonella. At 5 ppm of chlorine, the level of Salmonella increased from not detectable « 1 log CFU/ml) to completely unaffected (4.3 ± 0.4 log CFU/ml) when the TOC level increased from 10.6 ± 10.4 to 164.0 ± 21.2 mg/L. Also, the increase in solid contents led to a greater survival of Salmonella even though the free chlorine level remained unchanged. At 0.5 ppm of chlorine, the level ofSalmonella increased from not detectable « 1 log CFU/ml) to completely unaffected (4.2 ± 0.1 log CFU/ml) when the turbidity level increased from 0.7 ± 0.5 to 378.2 ± 53.5 NTU. In summary, the use of sufficient chlorine could prevent Salmonella cross-contamination but the effective chlorine level was affected by the organic load and solid content present in the wash water. Since the chlorine efficacy was the key to preventing cross-contamination and organic load was an important factor affecting the chlorine efficacy, measurements of the organic load was needed to determine the level ofchlorination needed in the wash water. However, current methods for measuring TOC took a few hours to perform. Turbidity measurements which could be done in a minute had been frequently used in the produce industry to determ ine wash water quality. In this study. it was found that a linear correlation could be established between turbidity and TOC suggesting that turbidity could be a good predictor of the organic load in produce wash water.
M.S. in Food Safety and Technology, July 2014
Show less

Title: Laboratory Notebook 119
Creator: Zhang, Zhe, Burton-freeman, Britt
Date: 2010-03-09T21:21:56Z
Description: This laboratory notebook relates to the " Thermal Inactivation of Ricin in phosphate buffer system and orange juice" project with Britt Burton...
Show moreThis laboratory notebook relates to the " Thermal Inactivation of Ricin in phosphate buffer system and orange juice" project with Britt Burton-Freeman as the Principle Investigator.
Show less

Title: NANOPORE STOCHASTIC SENSING OF BIOMARKERS IN HUMAN DISEASE
Creator: Zhou, Shuo
Date: 2016, 2016-07
Description: By measuring the ionic current modulation generated by analytes’ electro-osmotic flow through a nanoscale sized pore, nanopore stochastic...
Show moreBy measuring the ionic current modulation generated by analytes’ electro-osmotic flow through a nanoscale sized pore, nanopore stochastic sensing was invented about 20 years ago. Since then, it has been developed as a powerful and versatile tool for the detection of a wide variety of substances, including metal ions, organic molecules, DNA, RNA, peptides, proteins, etc. Compared with other traditional techniques such as immunochemical detection, colorimetric detection, HPLC, and GC/MS, nanopore detection has many advantages. First and foremost, nanopore stochastic sensing does not need to use sophisticated instruments which are convenient for people who do not have professional training in operating a special device. Furthermore, unlike fluorescent methods which rely on fluorophores labeling, nanopore stochastic sensing is a label-free detection method, which is based on the natural characteristics of analytes of interest. Moreover, nanopore sensing does not need complicated pretreatment of samples and can achieve a very low detection limit rapidly. Most importantly, nanopore detection uses only a small amount of sample with a low assay cost. In this dissertation, I summarize my work on nanopore stochastic sensing of proteases and copper ion, i.e., the detection of the HIV-1 protease (HIV-1 PR), trypsin, and copper ion. It is well-known that the HIV-1 protease is a significant biomarker for AIDS, while trypsin for the pancreatic disease. Considerable effort has been devoted to developing highly sensitive and selective sensors for these two important proteases. By taking advantage of nanopore stochastic sensing, two biosensors are constructed where picomolar concentrations of the HIV-1 protease and trypsin can be detected. On the other hand, copper, an essential trace element, is vital to the health of our human being in many ways. For example, the accumulation of cupric ions in human body may explain the origin of Wilson disease; further, the elevated concentration of copper is also pertinent to some symptoms of Alzheimer disease. Hence, the capability to the sensitive and accurate detection of copper ions is crucial to our health and well-being. For this purpose, a real-time and label-free nanopore biosensor is developed for its detection. The successful research efforts in these projects demonstrate the useful application of nanopore stochastic sensing in medical diagnosis, especially in terms of early disease detection. In addition to the high sensitivity and accuracy as well as low assay cost, other advantages of nanopore sensors include instrumental simplicity, ease of use, and extremely rapid data acquisition rates. Such a field-deployable nanopore sensor is useful as a point-of-care device for early disease detection and diagnosis. Just imagine how convenient your medical diagnosis would become with the pocket size nanopore sensor. We can monitor our own health anytime and anywhere: at home, at workplace, or even outside in remote and isolated places.
Ph.D. in Chemistry, July 2016
Show less

Title: Flexible Worm Drive
Creator: Miller, Kenneth William
Date: 4/23/2009, 1965-11-30
Description: Sponsorship: IIT Research Institute
United States Patent

Title: Method and Apparatus for Distributed Queue Digital Data Transmission Employing Variable Length Data Slots
Creator: Campbell, Graham M., Wu, Chien-ting
Date: 2009-05-11, 2001-08-21
Description: A data transmission and receiving network includes a plurality of nodal apparatus for sending and receiving digital data in variable length...
Show moreA data transmission and receiving network includes a plurality of nodal apparatus for sending and receiving digital data in variable length data slots. The nodal apparatus includes a storage device for maintaining a conflict resolution queue representative of nodal apparatus sending simultaneous requests for transmission causing a collision during a control minislot. The nodal apparatus also includes a transmission queue stored in the storage device. The transmission queue is indicative of nodal apparatus that have successfully transmitted during a minislot and are thus queued for transmission of data in data slots. The apparatus includes a transmitter for sending a variable length data slot signal comprising digital data in response to the state of the transmission queue. The nodal apparatus also includes a receiver for receiving a variable length data slot signal.
Sponsorship: Illinois Institute of Technology
United States Patent
Show less

Title: NEOVASCULARIZAnON WITHIN POROUS PEG HYDROGELS
Creator: Chiu, Yu-chieh
Date: 2011-11, 2011-12
Description: Development of engineered tissues of clinically relevant size requires the ability to control vascularization within biomaterial scaffolds....
Show moreDevelopment of engineered tissues of clinically relevant size requires the ability to control vascularization within biomaterial scaffolds. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels have been extensively investigated for use as synthetic scaffolds to support engineered tissue formation. The goal of this work described was to develop techniques that can be used to enhance vascularized tissue formation in PEG-based hydrogels. In the first part of the study a technique was developed to generate porous PEG hydrogels using a salt leaching technique. This technique was then used to examine the role of pore size on vascularization and tissue remodeling in porous PEG hydrogel in vitro and in vitro. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that vessel invasion was pore size dependent. In addition, a thin layer of inflammatory tissue was observed between PEG hydrogel and blood vessels that formed within the gels. This layer suggested that inflammatory cells, not vascular cells, interacted with the surface of the material. This suggests that peptides covalently incorporated within PEG may not directly interact with endothelial cells (ECs) following implantation. The porous PEG hydrogels were very stable in vitro and in vivo and did not exhibit any signs of degradation. Hydrogels used in tissue engineering need to exhibit controlled degradation. In order to address the stability of PEG hydrogels, porous hydrogels were rendered using degradable PEG-co-(L-Lactic acid) diacrylate PEG-PLLA-DA. This polymer is degraded via hydrolysis of the PLLA chains. The porous PEG-PLLA-DA hydrogels were generated by solvent casting, photopolymerization, and particulate leaching. The influence of polymer conditions on the architecture, degradation, and mechanical properties of the hydrogels were investigated in vitro. The hydrogels were found to exhibit autofluorescence that allowed for the unique ability to nondestructively image hydrogel structure under fully swelled conditions using confocal microscopy. Initial pore size was a function of particulate size and independent of polymer concentration. Interestingly, pore size remained stable though out the study, and was not a function of degradation. In addition, degradation time of porous PEG-LLA-DA hydrogels was influenced by polymer concentration. Compressive modulus was a function of polymer concentration and pore size and decreased during hydrogel degradation. The incorporation of cell adhesion sequences into the hydrogel showed that they can support cell adhesion with morphology varying with pore size. This technique could be used to tailor porous biodegradable scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. In the final portion of this thesis a poly-lysine (PLL) molecule was synthesized in order to allow clustering of adhesion sequences in PEG hydrogels. Clusters of peptide sequences have been shown to enhance cell interactions with substrate surfaces. The sequence was synthesized and purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and characterized by mass spectrometry. The side chains of the PLL molecule was used to attach peptide sequences. Cysteine contained within the PLL allowed incorporation into the PEG hydrogel by mixed mode polymerization. Cells were observed to adhere to hydrogels containing the RGD clusters and not to the control gels. The results presented here describe various techniques that can be used to optimize the design of polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering. In addition, the data provide insight into the process of vascularization in porous hydrogels and the influence of synthesis conditions and degradation on properties of porous hydrogels. Future studies should investigate the optimization of these material techniques for control of neovascularization within PEG hydrogels for tissue engineering applications.
Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering, December 2011
Show less

Title: A Mixed Use High Rise in Mumbai: Mixed Used High Rise_Irshad_Saleji
Creator: Saleji, Irshad
Date: 2011-05, 2011-05
Description: C-ward is the neighborhood (in Mumbai) that was designed and developed around 1940 and thereafter there has been no or very little improvement...
Show moreC-ward is the neighborhood (in Mumbai) that was designed and developed around 1940 and thereafter there has been no or very little improvement in infrastructure, which has led to narrow street, unsafe pedestrian and limited open space. C-ward in one of the most prime real-estate location considering it right next to financial district , close to major train station and close to Shoreline. ROMF (Remaking of Mumbai Federation) has taken the initiative to develop the C-ward and the project site part of ROMF development area. City centers have always been source of density because of scarcity of land. The sensible and effective use of such land would be to build vertical (high-rise) and also to have the possibility of expansion for the future development. A mixed use high rise development diversifies the use of space within a single building structure. Combination of living, entertainment, shopping and lodging in single urban structure, helps to utilize the full potential of an urban site.
Sponsorship: Durbrow, John
Show less

Title: Diagnosis of process disturbances by statistical distance and angle measures
Creator: Raich, A., Cinar, A.
Date: 1997
Publisher: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Description: Disturbance and fault diagnosis techniques that rely on statistical methods traditionally utilize distance based discrimination functions....
Show moreDisturbance and fault diagnosis techniques that rely on statistical methods traditionally utilize distance based discrimination functions. Complementary information is contained in the angular relations between data clusters representing process operations under various disturbances. A novel disturbance diagnosis approach is presented based on angle discriminants. The diagnosis method is successful in cases where distance based discrimination is not very accurate. The methodology is illustrated by diagnosing various disturbances in the Tennessee Eastman process and compared with the diagnosis utilizing distance based algorithms.
Endnote format citation
Show less

Title: Contrails Digital Initiative from a Documents Librarian Point of View: Contrails NIDL 2015
Creator: Ahrens, Aric G.
Date: 2015-05-14, 2015-05-15
Description: A presentation covering the period 1996-2015 with regards to the the Contrails Digital Initiative (fka Wright Air Development Center Digital...
Show moreA presentation covering the period 1996-2015 with regards to the the Contrails Digital Initiative (fka Wright Air Development Center Digital Collection). Covered are the conception of the project, features of the website over time, technological changes affecting the project, interactions with government officials over the content, changes in the project model based on changes in shallow web indexing algorithms of search engines, and plans for the future. Presented at the Spring 2015 meeting of the Northeastern Illinois Documents Librarians, on May 15th, 2015 in the Cherry Room of Paul V. Galvin Library on IIT's Main Campus.
Show less

Title: Shock-induced Flow Resonance in Supersonic Jets of Complex Geometry
Creator: Raman, G.
Date: 1999-03
Publisher: American Inst Physics
Description: Jets with complex shock-cell structures exist in numerous technological applications. This paper describes a fundamental study of shock...
Show moreJets with complex shock-cell structures exist in numerous technological applications. This paper describes a fundamental study of shock-induced flow resonance (commonly referred to as "jet screech") in supersonic jets with spanwise nonuniform shock-cell structures. Experiments that involve flow visualization and detailed mapping of the near field reveal unsteady aspects of shock-induced flow resonances, mode transitions, and directivity of the radiated noise. The following important results about the role of spanwise nonuniform shock-cells emerged: (1) It is possible to have two coexisting, independent feedback loops at nonharmonically related frequencies and different spanwise modes. (2) The same type of spanwise asymmetric mode was produced by two entirely different source configurations. (3) Nozzle geometry significantly altered the intensity and directivity of screech and broadband shock noise. The results presented here provide considerable insight into the fluid dynamics and acoustics of jets with spanwise oblique shock-cell structures and provide grounds for believing that shock-induced noise can be controlled by tailoring nozzle geometry. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S1070-6631(99)00103-8].
Show less

repository.iit

Search the repository

Pages

Pages

Enabled Filters

Refine Results

Type

Date

Academic status of creator

Department

Subject

Creator

Part of

Rights