Search results

(1 - 2 of 2)
An experimental study on the effects of partial sleep deprivation on disordered-eating urges and behaviors
Title
An experimental study on the effects of partial sleep deprivation on disordered-eating urges and behaviors
Creator
Johnson, Nicole Kathryn
Date
2020
Description
Previous research has linked sleep disturbances with disordered eating. Studies have also shown that one night of partial sleep deprivation...
Show morePrevious research has linked sleep disturbances with disordered eating. Studies have also shown that one night of partial sleep deprivation causes increases in food intake and appetite disturbances. However, the effects of sleep deprivation on disordered eating are unclear as research has yet to examine the effects of one night of partial sleep deprivation (≤ 4 hours of sleep) on disordered eating in a representative adult female sample. Adult, female participants (N=40) completed eligibility and baseline measures reporting medical conditions, eating disorder symptoms, sleep disturbances, depressed mood, and anxiety symptoms. Participants were randomized to either the sleep-deprived condition (~50% of their average sleep duration) or the habitual-sleep condition (~100% of their average sleep duration). The morning after the sleep condition, participants completed self-report appetite and disordered eating measures before and after consuming a test meal and later that evening. The following statistical analyses, adjusted for multiple comparisons (p<0.002), found no significant group differences: independent samples t-tests (outcome: pre-meal appetite, disordered eating, and test-meal consumption), multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVAs; outcome: pre- and post-meal area under the curve disordered eating and appetite), repeated measures ANOVAs (time X group; outcome: pre- and post-meal appetite and disordered eating), analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs; controlling for pre-meal ratings; outcome: disordered eating at follow-up), and chi-square tests (outcome: follow-up appetite and disordered eating). Despite finding no support for the effect of sleep deprivation on disordered eating, this study extends previous research as a novel study using the experimental manipulation of sleep deprivation to examine its effects on disordered eating.
Show less
An Examination of the Bidirectional Associations between Sleep Quality and Binge Eating Using Ecological Momentary Assessment
Title
An Examination of the Bidirectional Associations between Sleep Quality and Binge Eating Using Ecological Momentary Assessment
Creator
Johnson, Nicole Kathryn
Date
2024
Description
Binge eating (BE) is associated with impairments in psychosocial functioning and poor treatment response, and BE commonly occurs in at-risk...
Show moreBinge eating (BE) is associated with impairments in psychosocial functioning and poor treatment response, and BE commonly occurs in at-risk populations including female adults. BE occurs transdiagnostically across the ED spectrum and maintains other ED behaviors (e.g., dietary restriction, purging). Thus, it is important to research factors that maintain BE over time. Research suggests that poor sleep quality (e.g., difficulty falling or staying asleep, restless sleep) could contribute to BE persistence due to potential bidirectional associations between sleep quality and BE and that negative affect (NA) and the time that BE occurs could explain the BE-sleep association. To extend this research, the current study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine 1) between- and within-person bidirectional associations between BE and sleep quality and 2) if momentary NA (assessed between sleep and BE) mediates and if the timing of BE moderates the within-person BE-sleep quality associations. For the current study, adults assigned female at birth (N=57) with recurrent BE (at least twice a week for the past three months) self-reported BE, sleep quality, and NA at baseline and over a 14-day EMA period. Hierarchical regression analyses found that higher BE severity at baseline significantly predicted lower sleep quality averaged over the EMA period (p=0.02) but was only approaching significance after controlling for baseline sleep quality and depression (p=0.06). Between-person aggregated BE severity over the EMA period was not significantly associated with aggregated sleep quality and sleep quality at baseline and aggregated was not significantly associated with aggregated BE severity or more frequent BE over the EMA period (p’s>0.05). Multilevel models found significant bidirectional associations within-person higher BE severity and poor sleep quality, such that higher BE severity predicted worse sleep quality later that night (p=0.03) and worse sleep quality predicted higher BE severity later that day (p=0.03). In contrast, poor sleep quality did not significantly predict an increased likelihood of BE and there were not significant differences in sleep quality between BE and non-BE days (p’s>0.05). Multilevel modeling also found that intermediate ratings of NA did not mediate the within-person associations between sleep quality and BE severity, sleep quality did not mediate the within-person association in which NA predicted BE severity, and BE timing did not significantly predict sleep quality or moderate within-person BE severity predicting poor sleep quality (p’s>0.05). This study was the first to use EMA to test the bidirectional associations between BE and sleep quality while also accounting for NA and BE timing. Results suggest that among AFAB adults BE severity may lead to worse sleep quality, independent of NA and BE timing, and worse sleep quality may lead to higher BE severity on days with BE, independent of NA. Findings from the current study support integrating interventions for sleep disturbances into treatments for BE-spectrum EDs.
Show less