creator Frieder, Ophir creator Kapoor, Sanjiv A method in a data processing system and apparatus for organizing files, data items, web site members, or web pages, structured or unstructured, of multiple users stored across one or more server computers into hierarchical file structures on a recordable medium of a data processing system. A user-defined metalabel is assigned to each of the electronic files, data items, web site members, or web pages. The electronic files, data items, web site members, or web pages are organized as a function of the metalabels into the hierarchical file structures. The method includes automatically forming personalized hierarchies, such as a shadow copy for a second user, from the user-defined metalabels of a first user according to a user profile. The method includes automatically forming keywords of strings of at least two user-defined metalabels or a portion thereof, and automatically forming search structures of the keywords existing simultaneously with the plurality of hierarchical structures. Submitted by Aric Ahrens (ahrens@iit.edu) on 2017-05-01T21:41:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1089 bytes, checksum: 0a703d871bf062c5fdc7850b1496693b (MD5) 9633028.pdf: 465326 bytes, checksum: d42ba6acb2b113b08c470349d9973bb6 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-01T21:41:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1089 bytes, checksum: 0a703d871bf062c5fdc7850b1496693b (MD5) 9633028.pdf: 465326 bytes, checksum: d42ba6acb2b113b08c470349d9973bb6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-25 Illinois Institute of Technology 2017-04-26 2017-04-25 9,633,028 http://hdl.handle.net/10560/4019 en CC0 1.0 Universal http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ United States Patent Patent reformatted digital application/pdf No Copyright - United States http://rightsstatements.org/page/NoC-US/1.0/ Open Access