EMAT DESIGN CONFIGURATIONS AND SOFTWARE-DEFINED ULTRASONIC COMMUNICATIONS THROUGH METALLIC CHANNELS IN NUCLEAR FACILITIES

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Description

Nuclear facilities are partitioned into different blocks, and all equipment therein is well-packed for isolation purposes. The primary barriers of each block include a thick, reinforced, high-strength concrete wall. The presence of physical boundaries introduces a major challenge to implementing... Show moreNuclear facilities are partitioned into different blocks, and all equipment therein is well-packed for isolation purposes. The primary barriers of each block include a thick, reinforced, high-strength concrete wall. The presence of physical boundaries introduces a major challenge to implementing wired or radio frequency (RF) wireless communication. Achieving data communication through the solids channel, especially considering the complex environment in nuclear power plants, is very challenging. Ultrasonic communication is a desirable method for information transfer through solid mediums such as metallic bars or pipes. This thesis is methodologically innovative in the way it seeks the best solution for ultrasonic communications through metallic channels. Therefore, we address the following research areas: 1. The advantages of using electrical-magnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) as transmitter and receiver; 2. The fundamentals of the EMAT structure and wave generation mechanism for ultrasonic communications; 3. The channel model and behavior of ultrasonic wave propagation in a different structure of solid channels; 4. How to minimize the adverse impact of wave dispersion and reverberation; 5. How to increase the bitrate and decrease the bit error rate (BER) of an ultrasonic communication system; 6. How to utilize the software-defined system-on-chip (SoC) platform for ultrasonic communications; and 7. How to implement secure ultrasonic video transmission through solid channels. In this thesis, we have investigated the feasibility of using Periodic-permanent-magnet electromagnetic acoustic transducers (PPM-EMATs) transmitter and receiver as the information-bearing of ultrasonic waves across the plate channels (shear horizontal waves) and pipe channels (torsional waves). Methods such as time-reversal (TR), pulse shaping, and adaptive equalizer techniques are studied for improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of ultrasonic communication systems. We also investigated a novel software-defined ultrasonic communication system (SDUC) for real-time video transmission through a highly reverberant and dispersive metallic bar channel. Furthermore, we investigated the feasibility of combining orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) with quadrature amplitude modulations (QAM) for bitrate peak performance. Strategies and guidelines were established for the best solutions to combat intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by the severe reverberation inherent in metallic channels. A practical solution for video transmission, adhering to the Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial (DVB-T) standard, was also examined for video streaming transmission of 240p, 480p, and 720p resolutions at 20 frames per second (FPS) across a rectangular aluminum bar (ARB) channel. Through ultrasonic experimental studies for channel analysis, we achieved a peak video transmission rate of 1074 kbps with 3.3×10-4 BER despite reverberation, the multipath effect, and signal fading within the ARB channel. Show less

Details
Department

ECE / Electrical and Computer Engineering

Title

EMAT DESIGN CONFIGURATIONS AND SOFTWARE-DEFINED ULTRASONIC COMMUNICATIONS THROUGH METALLIC CHANNELS IN NUCLEAR FACILITIES

Institution

Illinois Institute of Technology

Creator(s)

Huang, Xin

Advisor(s)

Saniie, Jafar

Date

2022

Description

Nuclear facilities are partitioned into different blocks, and all equipment therein is well-packed for isolation purposes. The primary barriers of each block include a thick, reinforced, high... Show moreNuclear facilities are partitioned into different blocks, and all equipment therein is well-packed for isolation purposes. The primary barriers of each block include a thick, reinforced, high-strength concrete wall. The presence of physical boundaries introduces a major challenge to implementing wired or radio frequency (RF) wireless communication. Achieving data communication through the solids channel, especially considering the complex environment in nuclear power plants, is very challenging. Ultrasonic communication is a desirable method for information transfer through solid mediums such as metallic bars or pipes. This thesis is methodologically innovative in the way it seeks the best solution for ultrasonic communications through metallic channels. Therefore, we address the following research areas: 1. The advantages of using electrical-magnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs) as transmitter and receiver; 2. The fundamentals of the EMAT structure and wave generation mechanism for ultrasonic communications; 3. The channel model and behavior of ultrasonic wave propagation in a different structure of solid channels; 4. How to minimize the adverse impact of wave dispersion and reverberation; 5. How to increase the bitrate and decrease the bit error rate (BER) of an ultrasonic communication system; 6. How to utilize the software-defined system-on-chip (SoC) platform for ultrasonic communications; and 7. How to implement secure ultrasonic video transmission through solid channels. In this thesis, we have investigated the feasibility of using Periodic-permanent-magnet electromagnetic acoustic transducers (PPM-EMATs) transmitter and receiver as the information-bearing of ultrasonic waves across the plate channels (shear horizontal waves) and pipe channels (torsional waves). Methods such as time-reversal (TR), pulse shaping, and adaptive equalizer techniques are studied for improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of ultrasonic communication systems. We also investigated a novel software-defined ultrasonic communication system (SDUC) for real-time video transmission through a highly reverberant and dispersive metallic bar channel. Furthermore, we investigated the feasibility of combining orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) with quadrature amplitude modulations (QAM) for bitrate peak performance. Strategies and guidelines were established for the best solutions to combat intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by the severe reverberation inherent in metallic channels. A practical solution for video transmission, adhering to the Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial (DVB-T) standard, was also examined for video streaming transmission of 240p, 480p, and 720p resolutions at 20 frames per second (FPS) across a rectangular aluminum bar (ARB) channel. Through ultrasonic experimental studies for channel analysis, we achieved a peak video transmission rate of 1074 kbps with 3.3×10-4 BER despite reverberation, the multipath effect, and signal fading within the ARB channel. Show less

Type

Dissertation

File type

application/pdf

Subject

Electrical engineering
EMAT
End-to-end Encryption
OFDM
Software-defined Communication Protocol
Ultrasonic Communication
Ultrasonic Waves

Access

Restricted Access

Rights

In Copyright
http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC/1.0/

Identifier

http://hdl.handle.net/10560/islandora:1024862

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